TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE GENERA PAREUCHILOGLANIS AND EUCHILOGLANIS

By examining the type specimens, it is certain that the upper tooth band of Euchiloglanis davidi (Sauvage) is produced backwards on each side instead of being misconceived hitherto as not produced backwardly. Of course this character must be the attribute of the genus Euchiloglanis at the same time.Because CoragIanis shares the same diagnostic character with Euchiloglanis, it is evident that Coraglanis is, in fact, a synonym of Euchiloglanis. So far as     

SULFHYDRYL AND DISULFIDE GROUPS OF PROTEINS : III. SULFHYDRYL GROUPS OF NATIVE PROTEINS—HEMOGLOBIN AND THE PROTEINS OF THE CRYSTALLINE LENS

Hemoglobin and the proteins of the crystalline lens contain active SH groups while in the native state, the number of active groups increasing as the pH rises. All the SH groups of denatured globin and of the denatured lens proteins are active at a pH so low that practically none of the SH groups of native hemoglobin and of native lens protein are active. The effect of denaturation on the SH groups of a protein is to extend towards the acid side the pH range of their activity. It is possible to oxidize the iron-porphyrin and the SH groups of hemoglobin independently of each other.     

THE RELATIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF β- AND γ-RAYS UPON THE EGG OF NEREIS

When Nereis eggs are exposed to radiations from a tube of radium emanation, the walls of which absorb all the α-rays, the resulting physiological change is produced by rays having a coefficient of absorption of the order of 23.9 cm.^–1 This fact indicates that the physiological effect is due almost exclusively to β-rays. The γ-rays alone can produce the reaction. To produce equivalent physiological effects exposure to γ-rays alone must be approximately 60 times as long as exposure to β- and γ-rays together.     

ASSESSING THE CONTAMINATED LEVELS AND RISK OF TYPICAL CONTAMINANTS IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER北大核心CSCD

We generally reviewed the distributions and potential risks of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River based on recent studies. The distribution of heavy metals varied significantly with locations and types of mediums, and contents of some metals exceeded the limits in food. The contents of PAHs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were in line with those in the lower reaches. Low molecular weight PAHs were predominant in surface water, while high molecular weight PAHs were predominant in sediments, indicating low molecular PAHs may pose greater risks to aquatic ecosystems. DEHP and DBP were the predominant monomers of PAEs in surface water and sediments, and BBP and DBP ranked first and second respectively in fish bodies. The results of risk assessment also indicated that monomers such as DBP and DnBP had greater risk than DEHP. Over all, heavy metals and organic pollutants were widely distributed in the aquatic environment in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which may pose potential risks to the ecosystem. © 2019, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.     

THE OCCURRENCE OF “ROOT GAPS” IN THE RHIZOME SOLENOSTELE AND LEAF TRACE OF DENNSTAEDTIA CICUTARIA

The vascular system of the rhizome axes of Dennstaedtia cicutaria consists of a solenostele with an amphicribral vascular bundle centrally located in the pith. Each leaf has a single trace which is an amphicribral vascular bundle. At each node of an axis there is a complex consisting of the main axis, leaf base, and a branch axis attached to the basiscopic margin of the leaf base. Numerous roots are present on the rhizomes and the abaxial side of the leaf bases. Parenchymatous gaps occur in the rhizome solenostele and the leaf trace directly above the departure of some of the root traces. These gaps are termed root gaps. In some instances the root gaps are confluent. However, not all of the root traces have an associated root gap. The leaf trace is inserted laterally on the main and branch axes at the node so that the acroscopic leaf trace margin anastomoses with the main axis of the vascular system and the basiscopic margin with that of the branch axis. Two leaf gaps are associated with each leaf trace, one occurring in the main axis solenostele and the other in the branch axis solenostele. The medullary bundle of each axis anastomoses with each leaf trace at its point of attachment to the rhizome solenostele. Thus, the medullary bundle forms a continuous vascular strand from leaf trace to leaf trace in any given rhizome axis.     

THE DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION OF SELENIUM IN ROOTS AND SHOOTS OF PLANTS NATURALLY GROWN IN THE SOILS OF KEBAN’S PB-ZN-F MINING AREA,TURKEY

The objective of this study is to determine the distribution factors and enrichment coefficients between soil and plant parts by studying the accumulation and distribution of selenium (Se) in the roots and shoots of different plants. The plants (9 samples of Euphorbia macroclada, 5 samples of Verbascum cheiranthifolium, 8 samples of Astragalus gummifer) and their associated soil samples were collected from the Keban mining area. The roots and the shoots of these plants, together with the associated soils, were analyzed by ICP-MS. The mean Se value of the contaminated surface soils was found to be two to five times higher than those of previously studied uncontaminated surface soils. Se concentrations of the plant parts were lower than those in their associated alkaline soils, where the plants were grown, except for in the shoots of A. gummifer. Mean Se concentrations in the roots of E. macroclada, V. cheiranthifolium, and A. gummifer were 0.82, 0.22, and 0.47 mg kg^?1 on a dry weight basis, respectively, while Se concentrations were 0.29, 0.26, and 2.66 mg kg^?1 in the shoots on a dry weight basis, respectively. The enrichment coefficients and the distribution factors of those plants were lower than 1, except for the distribution factors of V. cheiranthifolium and A. gummifer plants. Thus, it appeared that the shoots of these plants could make them efficient bioaccumulator plants for Se because of high distribution factors and enrichment coefficients. Due to such factors, they can also be used to clean or rehabilitate soils and areas contaminated with Se.     

CONTAMINATED LEVEL AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF PAES IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER北大核心CSCD

PAEs have been proved to be one of the major organic pollutants. The present study determined the level of PAEs using surface water samples from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that DEHP contributed the most to PAEs pollution, followed by DBP. Risk Quotients of PAEs were used for preliminary screening, and DEHP and BBP were identified as potential risk factors with RQ of 310 and 70.7. The MOS10 of DEHP and BBP were 1.40 and 1.32×105, respectively, indicating that BBP may pose little risk to aquatic organisms. The potential risk of DEHP was further analyzed with joint probabilistic curves. Among different biological groups, fish and zoobenthos were two major groups sensitive to DEHP-induced damage under current concentrations with 99.4% and 98.3% for 5% species of each group. While among the toxicity endpoints, reproduction may be more sensitive than others. The 5% and 10% aquatic species were suffered from reproductive damages by 100% and 97.8%, respectively. Overall, our results indicated that DEHP in the surface water of the upper Yangtze River may pose potential risk to aquatic organisms, especially on their reproduction. Therefore, more concerns should be paid in species protection and environmental management. © 2019, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.     

EFFECTS OF POPULATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION ON THE DEGRADATION OF BIOMASS AND ITS REGENERATION BY AFFORESTATION: A MATHEMATICAL MODEL

The bio-mass(Food, Fodder and Forestry, etc. ) in a habitat has beencontinuously depleting due to rapid industrialization and over-population leadingto various kinds of undesirable effects on our environment and on land masscausing deep concern to planners and management experts. In this paper, therefore, a mathematical model for degradation of bio-massis presented to study the effects of industrialization and associated growth ofpopulation, It is shown that with the increase in the levels of these factors,the bio-mass resource may not last long. It has also been pointed out mathematicallythat the level of the biomass can be maintained at desired equilibrium level bya suitable afforestation programme.     

THE STUDIES OF THE PLANT COLD－RESISTER AND ITS APPLICATION IN RECE SEEDLING RAISING

ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＴＨＥＰＬＡＮＴＣＯＬＤ－ＲＥＳＩＳＴＥＲＡＮＤＩＴＳＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＲＥＣＥＳＥＥＤＬＩＮＧＲＡＩＳＩＮＧＪｉａｎＬｉｎｇ－ｃｈｅｎｇ;ＳｕｎＬｏｎｇ一ｈｕａ;ａｎｄＷｅｉＸｉａｎｇ－ｙｕｎ（ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆ...     

NOTE ON THE EXCITATION AND INHIBITION OF LUMINESCENCE IN BER?

1. The ions of Ca and K condition general luminescence, and are therefore necessary to the conduction of the impulse. 2. In van''t Hoff''s solution from which Mg is omitted, Berœ shows hyperirritability with respect to luminescence. This is the result of the action of Ca and K ions unantagonized by Mg. 3. The luminescent material spread on filter paper does not show luminescence in sea water, NaCl, MgCl₂, or saccharose solutions isotonic with sea water. In solutions of CaCl₂, SrCl₂, BaCl₂, KCl, and K₂SO₄ the indicator paper glows with a bright luminescence. 4. In dark adapted Berœ, luminescence is inhibited by a certain quantity of light. This quantity has an average value of 57,285 meter-candle-minutes, which is twelve times the value given by Mnemiopsis.     

STUDIES ON THE TAXONOMY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE CHINESE ORETINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: DREPANIDAE)

A total of 3 genera and 26 species of the Chinese Oretinae are represented in this paper; among them 13 species are described as new to science. All the type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology. An account of the geographic distribution is given in accompanying with a distribution map. From the distribution of 23 species,of Oreta, the richest areas are ap-     

SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF CONFORMATIONALLY RESTRICTED AND NUCLEOBASE-MODIFIED ANALOGS OF THE ANTICANCER COMPOUND 3′-C-ETHYNYLCYTIDINE (ECYD)

A series of conformationally restricted and nucleobase-modified analogs of the anticancer compound 3′-C-ethynylcytidine (ECyd) and its uracil analog (EUrd) have been synthesized. While none of, the conformationally restricted analogs displayed anticancer activity, 5-iodo-EUrd and 5-bromo-EUrd displayed potent anticancer activity with IC50 values of 35 nM and 0.73 μM.     

THE SCOPE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF MEDICINE—A Forum with a Purpose

To engender discussion of what the scope and responsibility of medicine ought to be in today''s society, California Medicine printed in its June issue six essays by authors known to have keen if various interest in the subject.In presenting the essays the editors expressed hope that they would be the beginning of a forum from which a definition of our profession''s responsibilities may be distilled. Readers were invited to take part in a continuation of the forum in succeeding issues. Following are three contributions selected from those received to date. Others will be published in the months ahead.If you have thoughts on the subject, just address them to the editors of California Medicine, 693 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California 94102. Keep your essays short, please.     

THE SCOPE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF MEDICINE—A Forum with a Purpose

To engender discussion of what the scope and responsibility of medicine ought to be in today''s society, California Medicine printed in its June issue six essays by authors known to have keen if various interest in the subject.In presenting the essays the editors expressed hope that they would be the beginning of a forum from which a definition of our profession''s responsibilities may be distilled. Readers were invited to take part in a continuation of the forum in succeeding issues. Following are three contributions selected from those received to date. Others will be published in the months ahead.If you have thoughts on the subject, just address them to the editors of California Medicine, 693 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California 94102. Keep your essays short, please.     

A MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE TOMATO MUTANT ‘CURL’

The dominant tomato mutant ‘Curl’ differs from normal plants in several striking respects including the following: misshapen laminar structures such as leaves, sepals, and petals; stunted petiole and rachis; and persistent growth of blade and stem tissue from the adaxial surface of the rachis. These tissues as well as others which appear morphologically normal show gross histological abnormalities. Also evident in sections of mutant tissue is the appearance of areas containing numerous crystalline inclusions and a lack of bodies showing a stainable starch reaction in palisade and mesophyll of leaves and in endodermis and pith cells of the stem.