中国蝴蝶新种记述（Ⅰ）（鳞翅目）

记载采自湖南省的中国蝴蝶3新种,模式标本保存在湖南省东安县第一中学。     

湖南省两栖类新纪录——龙胜臭蛙

2013年8月在湖南省黄桑国家级自然保护区发现龙胜臭蛙(Odorrana lungshengensis),原有文献记录湖南省存在龙胜臭蛙实为宜章臭蛙(Odorrana yizhangensis)。本次在黄桑国家级自然保护区发现的物种为湖南省新纪录。目前标本保存于湖南师范大学生命科学学院脊椎动物实验室。     

湖南省光学学会2006年年会隆重召开

11月25日,湖南省光学学会2006年年会在国防科技大学光电科学与工程学院学术厅隆重召开。国防科技大学光电科学与工程学院为湖南省光学学会的挂靠单位,此次年会由该院具体承办。     

湖南省两栖、爬行动物物种多样性及其地理分布

物种多样性及其地理分布是制定野生动物保护对策的重要依据。两栖、爬行动物在生物演化的历史上占据着重要地位, 又是脊椎动物分类体系变动较大的类群。为了掌握湖南省两栖、爬行动物物种多样性现状, 促进湖南省生物多样性保护和野生动物管理工作, 我们参考分类学及分子生物系统学的最新研究成果, 系统地收集了近10多年来有关湖南省两栖、爬行动物分类的文献资料, 结合团队长期以来的野外调查数据, 对湖南省两栖、爬行动物名录进行了整理与更新(截止到2021年10月31日)。结果表明: 湖南省已记录两栖动物2目10科30属86种(含亚种), 爬行动物2目22科55属105种(含亚种), 其中中国特有种分别有62种和30种, 湖南省特有种分别有10种和4种。列入《国家重点保护野生动物名录》(2021)的两栖动物有11种, 爬行动物有10种; 列为《中国生物多样性红色名录》(2021)受威胁等级的两栖动物有20种, 爬行动物有30种。此外, 湖南省两栖、爬行动物区系特征明显, 以东洋界种类为主(81.2%), 广布种较少(18.8%), 无古北界种。在地理分布上, 湘南山地丘陵区、湘西北山地区是湖南省两栖、爬行动物物种丰富度较高的地区。     

湖南省光学学会1998年度学术交流会在湘潭大学举行

湖南省光学学会１９９８年度学术交流会在湘潭大学举行湖南省光学学会１９９８年度学术交流会于１９９８年６月６日在湘潭大学举行。湖南省科协领导和来自全省高等院校、科研部门、厂矿企业、医疗单位等各方面代表７０余人参加了这次学术交流会，他们就光学及相关领域的基...     

湖南省生物化学与分子生物学学会2013年学术年会暨会员代表大会在长沙市召开

湖南省生物化学与分子生物学学会于2013年10月19日在湖南省长沙市中南林业科技大学召开了2013年学术年会暨会员代表大会。来自全省的会员代表及科技工作者200余人参加了本次会议和学术交流活动。     

湖南农业大学植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室

湖南农业大学植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室始建于1998年,在湖南农业大学植物激素重点实验室和植物激素湖南省高校重点实验室的基础上组建而成,由全国留学回国人员先进个人萧浪涛教授任实     

湖南永州异蛇科技实业有限公司的崛起

永州市异蛇科技实业有限公司位于湖南省永州零陵异蛇山庄,是一个集蛇类养殖、异蛇系列产品研制开发的民营企业。公司采用无冬眠养蛇技术成功自繁自养各种蛇类3万余条。通过蛇类养殖,形成异蛇系列新产品研制开发、生产、销售一体化,异蛇产业发展优势已形成规模。于2006年荣获湖南省著名商标,2007年荣获湖南省名牌产品、保健食品（GMP）合格企业,获得国家多项外观设计发明专利。目前公司已研制出40余种产品。在全国各地有专卖店200余家。其中异蛇鞭酒、异蛇王酒多次荣获湖南省（国际）农博会、林博会金奖。     

湖南省茶树害虫地理区划分析

通过湖南省茶树害虫的系统调查,查明湖南省茶树害虫(害螨)共302种,根据其在湖南省各地(市)的分布,编成"0,1"分布数据表,然后进行聚类分析.根据聚类结果,参考地理、气候、茶树的种植历史和种植面积以及其他动物类群方面的研究和前人的工作,把湖南省茶树害虫分成4个区:湘北环湖平原丘岗区,湘中、湘东丘陵区,湘西山区,湘南山地丘陵区,并分别叙述了各区的特点.     

湖南省森林土壤有机碳密度及碳库储量动态

基于2000—2014年文献和著作资料中的湖南省森林土壤剖面有机碳含量数据,湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站近15年的实测数据,分析了湖南省主要森林类型土壤有机碳密度,结合1983年至2009年湖南省4次森林资源清查数据,研究了湖南省森林土壤有机碳库储量的动态特征。结果表明:湖南省主要森林类型土壤有机碳算术平均含量在9.53—22.86g/kg之间,灌木林最高,土壤有机碳含量的分异主要发生在0—40 cm土层,0—80 cm土壤层有机碳密度在95.44—181.30 t C/hm2之间,平均为137.15 t C/hm2,主要分布在0—40 cm土层中,随土壤深度增加,各森林类型土壤有机碳密度的差异下降,受森林类型的影响减弱。从1983—1987年到2009年,湖南省乔木林土壤层(0—80 cm)有机碳库储量净增加了414.86×106t C,面积加权平均有机碳密度提高了10.98 t C/hm2,不同乔木林土壤层(0—80 cm)有机碳库储量的差异随着时间进程逐渐增大,主要分布在杉木林、松木林、阔叶林。天然林是湖南省乔木林土壤有机碳库储量的主要贡献者,人工林土壤有机碳储量正逐步提高,经济林、竹林、灌木林对湖南省森林土壤层(0—80 cm)有机碳库储量贡献不同,且动态变化趋势也不同。森林土壤层有机碳库储量的变化与各森林类型面积的变化密切相关,而各森林类型面积的增减,与各项林业政策的实施密切相关。因此,人类活动深刻影响森林土壤的碳汇功能。     

Plant-Parasitic Nematodes of South Viet Nam

Between 1974 and 1978, 2,842 identifications of plant-parasitic nematodes were made from more than 1,700 soil and plant samples collected in eight provinces of South Viet Nam. Species in nine genera—Helicotylenchus, Criconemoides, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, Hoplolaimus, Hirschmanniella, Xiphinema, and Rotylenchulus—comprised 96.1% of the identifications; the remaining 3.9% were species of 11 genera. Fourteen genera were associated with rice which was grown on about 2,500,000 ha in 1970. Of these, Ditylenchus, Hirschmanniella, and Meloidogyne were most important. Ditylenchus angustus caused severe damage to about 50,000 ha of flooded rice in the Mekong Delta in 1976. Hirschmanniella spp. were found in all samples examined from flooded rice fields. Meloidogyne spp. were common in rice seedbeds, upland rice, and rice not kept flooded continuously. Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus spp. were found in roots of 22 of the 32 crop plants sampled. Little or no attempt was made in South Viet Nam to control nematodes.     

Identification key for European strand-forming house-rot fungi

An identification key for 20 common strand-forming indoor wood decay fungi is given. The key is based on observations of material from affected buildings and on wood samples that have been incubated in the laboratory. The key is with macro- and microscopic photographs.     

Semicircular canal system in early primates

Mammals with more rapid and agile locomotion have larger semicircular canals relative to body mass than species that move more slowly. Measurements of semicircular canals in extant mammals with known locomotor behaviours can provide a basis for testing hypotheses about locomotion in fossil primates that is independent of postcranial remains, and a means of reconstructing locomotor behaviour in species known only from cranial material. Semicircular canal radii were measured using ultra high resolution X-ray CT data for 9 stem primates (“plesiadapiforms”; n = 11), 7 adapoids (n = 12), 4 omomyoids (n = 5), and the possible omomyoid Rooneyia viejaensis (n = 1). These were compared with a modern sample (210 species including 91 primates) with known locomotor behaviours. The predicted locomotor agilities for extinct primates generally follow expectations based on known postcrania for those taxa. “Plesiadapiforms” and adapids have relatively small semicircular canals, suggesting they practiced less agile locomotion than other fossil primates in the sample, which is consistent with reconstructions of them as less specialized for leaping. The derived notharctid adapoids (excluding Cantius) and all omomyoids sampled have relatively larger semicircular canals, suggesting that they were more agile, with Microchoerus in particular being reconstructed as having had very jerky locomotion with relatively high magnitude accelerations of the head. Rooneyia viejaensis is reconstructed as having been similarly agile to omomyids and derived notharctid adapoids, which suggests that when postcranial material is found for this species it will exhibit features for some leaping behaviour, or for a locomotor mode requiring a similar degree of agility.     

Two common and problematic leucochrysine species – Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia (Schneider) and L. (L.) pretiosa (Banks) (Neuroptera,Chrysopidae): redescriptions and synonymies

We dedicate this article to the memory of Sergio de Freitas, FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (deceased, 2012). He was an active and enthusiastic Neuropterist and the cherished mentor and friend of Francisco Sosa.Leucochrysa McLachlan is the largest genus in the Chrysopidae, yet it has received relatively little taxonomic attention. We treat two problematic and common Leucochrysa species – Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia (Schneider, 1851) and Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa (Banks, 1910). Both are highly variable in coloration and were described before the systematic importance of chrysopid genitalia was recognized. Recent studies show that these species occur within a large complex of cryptic species and that they have accumulated a number of taxonomic problems. We identify new synonymies for each of the species–for Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia: Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) ampla (Walker, 1853), Leucochrysa internata (Walker, 1853), and Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) walkerina Navás, 1913; for Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa: Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) erminea Banks, 1946. The synonymy of Leucochrysa delicata Navás, 1925 with Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa is stabilized by the designation of a neotype. The following species, which were previously synonymized with Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia or Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa, are reinstated as valid: Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) phaeocephala Navás, 1929, Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) angrandi (Navás, 1911), and Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) variata (Navás, 1913). To help stabilize Leucochrysa taxonomy, lectotypes are designated for Allochrysa pretiosa and Allochrysa variata. Finally, Leucochrysa vegana Navás, 1917 is considered a nomen dubium.     

Multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the genus Aeromonas

A broad multilocus phylogenetic analysis (MLPA) of the representative diversity of a genus offers the opportunity to incorporate concatenated inter-species phylogenies into bacterial systematics. Recent analyses based on single housekeeping genes have provided coherent phylogenies of Aeromonas. However, to date, a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis has never been tackled. In the present study, the intra- and inter-species phylogenetic relationships of 115 strains representing all Aeromonas species described to date were investigated by MLPA. The study included the independent analysis of seven single gene fragments (gyrB, rpoD, recA, dnaJ, gyrA, dnaX, and atpD), and the tree resulting from the concatenated 4705 bp sequence. The phylogenies obtained were consistent with each other, and clustering agreed with the Aeromonas taxonomy recognized to date. The highest clustering robustness was found for the concatenated tree (i.e. all Aeromonas species split into 100% bootstrap clusters). Both possible chronometric distortions and poor resolution encountered when using single-gene analysis were buffered in the concatenated MLPA tree. However, reliable phylogenetic species delineation required an MLPA including several “bona fide” strains representing all described species.     

Bacterial flora in the alimentary tract of chickens infected with Eimeria brunetti and in chickens immunized with Eimeria maxima and cross-infected with Eimeria brunetti

Differential bacterial counts were made on the intestinal and caecal contents of chickens after inoculation with a standard dose of 320 000 freshly sporulated oocysts of Eimeria brunetti.