中华大蟾蜍EDF-1重组蛋白的原核表达、纯化及抗血清的制备

通过实验获得中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)内皮分化相关因子-1(Endothelial differentiation related factor-1,EDF-1)重组蛋白及高效价抗血清。在前期研究工作中已克隆中华大蟾蜍EDF-1的开放阅读框(Open reading frame,ORF)(GenBank登录号K F769459),但因密码子的偏好性使中华大蟾蜍原有密码子在原核细胞中发生识别困难,重组蛋白原核表达未能成功。本文对中华大蟾蜍的EDF-1的ORF进行密码子优化,委托公司合成并插入原核表达载体,构建重组质粒pET-28b-EDF-1-Bufo。将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌(E. coli)感受态细胞BL21(DE3),使用IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达,钴胶纯化重组蛋白,纯化的重组蛋白免疫小鼠制备鼠抗重组中华大蟾蜍EDF-1的抗血清,然后通过Western-blot和ELISA检测抗血清的特异性及其效价。重组中华大蟾蜍EDF-1得到良好表达,抗血清特异性良好,效价为1∶8 000。为进一步研究EDF-1的生物学功能奠定基础,同时为研发抑制内皮细胞分化相关的抗肿瘤药物提供重要参考。     

沙门菌外膜蛋白D的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达沙门菌外膜蛋白(OMP)D,纯化后制备兔抗OMPD抗体。方法:用PCR方法从鼠伤寒沙门菌中扩增出ompD基因,并插入融合表达载体pET-28a(+)的多克隆位点,构建重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-ompD;以重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),筛选阳性重组菌株,经IPTG诱导目的蛋白表达,在变性条件下对目的蛋白进行亲和层析纯化;以表达的OMPD蛋白免疫家兔,制备抗OMPD的多克隆抗体并进行鉴定。结果:扩增了ompD基因,测序证实正确后亚克隆于表达载体pET-28a(+)中,经PCR筛选和酶切鉴定获得阳性克隆,经诱导在大肠杆菌中表达出相对分子质量为40×103的目的蛋白并进行纯化;纯化的OMPD免疫家兔后,能有效地刺激特异性抗体的产生,抗血清的效价达到1∶10000以上,且具有良好的特异性。结论:构建ompD基因的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;制备出兔抗OMPD抗体,效价及特异性均良好,为进一步制备肠黏膜高亲和力疫苗奠定了基础。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒非结构蛋白VP5的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

利用PCR技术,从传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）Gx,Gt毒株中分别扩增出VP5基因,将其克隆到表达载体pET30a、pET28a中。经PCR、酶切和序列分析鉴定获得重组质粒命名为pET28a-GtVP5、pET30a-GxVP5。将pET30a-GxVP5、pET28a-GtVP5分别转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下均成功表达约24 kDa的Gx-VP5及23kDa的Gt-VP5融合蛋白,并都以包涵体形式存在。将Gx-VP5纯化后的蛋白免疫8周龄BALB/c雌鼠,ELISA分析表明制备的抗血清效价在1:25600以上,Western blot分析VP5表达产物能与抗6×His mAb及抗IBDV多克隆抗血清发生反应,具有良好的免疫反应特异性。     

猪瘟病毒NS2-3抗原集中区基因的原核表达及鉴定

为获得猪瘟病毒(classical swine fever virus, CSFV) NS2-3抗原集中区蛋白,并建立CSFV抗体快速检测方法.本研究以CSFV全长基因组质粒为模板,PCR扩增NS2-3抗原表位集中区,利用扩增片段和克隆载体,构建重组表达质粒,命名为pET32a-NS2-3-1.重组表达质粒转化Rosetta (DE3)细胞,利用IPTG诱导表达, SDS-PAGE电泳和Western-blot鉴定重组表达产物.结果表明,重组质粒pET32a-NS2-3-1在28℃诱导5 h得到高效表达,重组蛋白能够与兔抗CSFV阳性血清发生反应.获得CSFV NS2-3抗原集中区蛋白,并且获得的重组蛋白具有抗原性,能够作为CSFV抗体检测的抗原.     

沙门菌毒力基因spvB的原核表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的:构建沙门菌毒力基因spvB的原核表达载体,诱导表达纯化SpvB蛋白并以其为抗原免疫小鼠,制备多克隆抗体。方法:利用生物信息学软件对SpvB进行分析,选取抗原性较高、易表达的氨基酸序列作为克隆序列,以携带spvB基因的鼠伤寒沙门菌为模板,PCR扩增目的片段后与原核表达载体pET28a(+)连接;将质粒pET28a-SpvB转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)后诱导表达并纯化。目的蛋白免疫小鼠,制备抗SpvB多克隆抗体,Western blot检测抗体特异性。结果:成功构建spvB原核表达载体,经IPTG诱导结果显示,重组蛋白表达且主要存在于包涵体中,将纯化后的蛋白免疫小鼠Western blot检测血清中抗体与SpvB特异性结合。结论:获得具有免疫原性的SpvB蛋白及其多克隆抗体,为进一步研究该基因的功能奠定基础。     

牛分枝杆菌MPB83基因的原核表达及免疫活性分析

利用PCR技术,以牛型分枝杆菌(M.bovis)Vallee菌株的全基因组DNA为模板,扩增出了一条600bp的MPB83基因片段,将其克隆至pMD18T载体中,经核苷酸序列测定确证后,KpnI/EcoRI双酶切,然后亚克隆到原核表达载体pET30a的相同酶切位点,构建表达质粒pETMPB83,将鉴定的重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导后SDSPAGE检测表达情况,重组质粒pETMPB83在30kDa处有一特异表达带,与预计大小相符。经Ni柱纯化后,Westernblot检测纯化蛋白具有免疫活性,用纯化的该蛋白进行动物(兔)接种制备抗血清,用Westernblot和ELISA检测该抗血清的效价和特异性,结果表明特异性较好。     

水稻齿叶矮缩病毒Pns10蛋白的原核表达、抗血清制备及初步应用

水稻齿叶矮缩病毒Pns10蛋白由基因组片段S10编码。从RRSV福建沙县分离物(RRSV-F)中获取该病毒的全基因组,根据RRSV泰国分离物核苷酸序列设计特异性引物获得S10编码区,利用Directional TOPO克隆技术,将S10连接至克隆表达载体pET100/D-TOPO构建重组质粒,并进行了序列测定和分析。重组质粒经IPTG诱导在BL21star(DE3)E.coli中高效表达约35 kD Pns10蛋白。将Pns10蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备了特异性的抗血清,间接ELISA法测定抗血清效价为1∶7 680,Western blot分析表明抗血清特异性强。表达产物及抗血清在Pns10蛋白的结构和功能研究中具有重要的应用价值,制备的抗血清可用于水稻病株和传播介体的检测以及病毒病的诊断。     

A组人轮状病毒NSP3基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:获得轮状病毒NSP3基因的表达产物及其抗血清。方法:将TB-Chen株轮状病毒NSP3基因插入质粒pETL,构建重组表达质粒pET-NSP3,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达重组蛋白NSP3;用凝胶分离回收的方法纯化该蛋白,免疫豚鼠制备该蛋白的抗血清。结果:构建了重组表达质粒pET-NSP3,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达了重组蛋白NSP3,目的蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白量的28.6%;有效地纯化了目的蛋白并制备了该蛋白的抗血清,Western印迹表明该抗血清能与重组蛋白NSP3发生特异性免疫反应。结论:通过质粒pETL能高效表达轮状病毒NSP3蛋白,该重组蛋白具有较好的免疫反应性,为进一步研究其结构、功能及免疫学性质奠定了基础。     

结核分枝杆菌H37Ra株HspX蛋白的表达条件优化、纯化和鉴定

以结核分枝杆菌H37Ra菌株基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR技术扩增获得HspX基因,通过DNA无缝克隆技术将其克隆至pET28a质粒中,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-HspX。将pET28a-HspX转化至大肠埃希菌表达菌株BL21(DE3),采用不同温度、IPTG浓度和时间诱导HspX蛋白表达。使用Ni-IDA亲和层析柱纯化目的HspX蛋白,透析去除咪唑,通过Western blot检测HspX抗原特异性。最终确定表达重组蛋白HspX的最佳诱导条件为：诱导温度37℃、IPTG浓度0.2 mmol/L、诱导时间8 h。结果表明,获得了高纯度和被特异性识别的可溶性Hsp X蛋白,为未来Hsp X蛋白用于结核病诊断试剂和疫苗奠定基础。     

白喉毒素无毒突变体CRM197基因的克隆与表达

目的构建白喉毒素(Diphtheria toxin)无毒突变体CRM197(Cross-reacting materials 197)的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中表达重组蛋白。方法以白喉杆菌(ATCC39255)基因组DNA为模版,采用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增CRM197基因,插入表达载体pET11b中,构建重组原核表达质粒pET11b-CRM197。经双酶切及测序鉴定正确后,重组质粒被转化入大肠杆菌Rosetta 2(DE3)pLysS,IPTG诱导表达,表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western blot进行鉴定。结果重组表达质粒经双酶切及测序鉴定,结果表明与预期一致;表达的重组蛋白相对分子质量约58 000,并可与鼠抗CRM197单克隆抗体特异性结合。结论已成功构建了重组原核表达载体pET11b-CRM197,重组的CRM197蛋白在大肠杆菌中得到了表达,为以该重组突变体作蛋白载体制备结合疫苗奠定了基础。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism