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目的研制蚊虫叮咬止痒消炎剂,观察应用该蚊虫叮咬止痒消炎剂对吉林洮南地区背点伊蚊和刺扰伊蚊叮咬后的治愈效果。方法药品制备采用渗漉法和超声波提取法,质量控制依据中华人民共和国国家标准《一次性使用卫生用品卫生标准》GB 15979-2002,效果观察采用局部外用涂抹法。结果该止痒消炎剂12、24和48 h平均痊愈率分别为24.30%、55.14%和17.76%,总有效率为97.20%。结论该蚊虫叮咬止痒消炎剂符合中华人民共和国国家标准《一次性使用卫生用品卫生标准》GB 15979-2002的规定,对吉林洮南地区优势蚊种叮咬后具有明显的治愈效果,适用于部队野外执行任务携带。 相似文献
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为了评估镶嵌式防冶对抗性演化的影响,我们以淡色库蚊(Culex pipiens pallens)作为模型昆虫,用抗马拉硫磷(单因子)品系(RM)和抗氰戊菊酯(多因子)品系(RF)构成抗性个体频率均为0.1的一个“什成群体”(M品系),然后在F1代分成三个亚品系。Rmf亚品系用马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯作镶嵌式模拟处理,并与单用马拉硫磷(Rm)和氰戊菊酯(Rf)逐代处理的亚品系作比较。处理10代后,Rm和Rmf对马拉硫磷的抗性分别是M晶系的266.4和6.1倍,而Rf和Rmf在处理5代后,对氰戊菊酯;山抗性均已达243.3倍。漠拟结果表明：(1)以杀虫饥理不同的杀虫剂进行镶嵌式防冶,在一定的条件下能延缓抗性的发展;(2)对单因子遗传,内马拉硫磷特别有效,而对多因子遗传的氰戊菊酯效果不佳。此外,还讨论了抗性治理的策略。 相似文献
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桔小实蝇综合防治技术的初步研究 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12
有关桔小实蝇Bactrocera(Bactrocera)dorsalis(Hendel)种群控制技术的研究,国外有不少成功防治的实例。而在国内,南方的桔小实蝇发生地区,尽管农业防治、化学防治和物理防治等方面,均做了大量研究工作,但因作物种类多,土地分散种植,很难做到隔离措施,不育蝇释放 相似文献
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Hoonbok Yi Bijaya R. Devkota Jae‐seung Yu Ki‐cheol Oh Jinhong Kim Hyun‐Jung Kim 《Entomological Research》2014,44(6):215-235
Global warming has shortened mosquitoes’ lifecycle period and increased the disease transmission rates by mosquito vectors. We reviewed only three mosquito‐borne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and the Japanese encephalitis. Billions of people get infected with those diseases and millions of people die every year. Although we struggle to find the most effective way to control mosquitoes using various methods (including pesticides), mosquito‐borne diseases are still among the most serious problems being faced. This paper, therefore, reviews the strategies for controlling mosquitoes. The use of pesticides to control mosquitoes might have more negative effects on humans and environments than benefits. Although the development of genetically modified (GM) mosquitoes raises new hopes for effective mosquito control, it will take longer to assess the risks to humans and environments. Furthermore, there has been concern about the possible adverse effects from the release of GM mosquitoes into the environment. The various mosquito traps may not be as effective at controlling only female mosquito populations. Therefore, new strategies for the control of mosquitoes are vital. The smart mosquito counter device was developed by Korean Centre for Disease Control (KCDC) in 2013. The mosquito pest control office is able to set up the appropriate mosquito control strategies by using quantitative mosquito information. The smart device will bring mosquito control in line with modern smart generation technology and the device will also soon be able to identify different mosquito species. This new strategy will change the methods of mosquito control and will provide beneficial effects toward sustainable nature and human health. 相似文献
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A novel rotator trap was evaluated to determine the diel activity patterns and physiological state of adult female mosquitoes in St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A. Culex nigripalpus were most active from 19:00‐21:00, followed by 1:00‐3:00, based on collections from the novel rotator trap. Furthermore, analysis of the physiological state of female mosquitoes collected by the novel rotator trap suggested that non‐parous (nulliparous) host‐seeking mosquitoes were more frequently active in the 21:00‐23:00 and 09:00‐19:00 time frames. Parous host‐seeking mosquitoes were more frequently collected from 19:00‐21:00 and 1:00‐3:00. A low abundance of gravid females was collected by the rotator trap, so analysis of their activity periods was inconclusive. These results indicate that the novel rotated trap could be used to detect the diel activity patterns of adult mosquitoes in mosquito control programs and more testing should be conducted in the future. 相似文献
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我国12种蚊幼虫上颚形态和鉴别特征的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对8种库蚊和按蚊、伊蚊、阿蚊及杵蚊各属代表种的4龄幼虫上颚进行扫描电镜观察.概述了上颚的外部形态,并提出了各蚊种的鉴别特征.指出幼虫上颚具有显著的种间差异,具有重要的分类学意义,讨论了上颚的结构与功能的关系.通过对上颚结构和取食方式的比较研究,从生物学角度,提出蚊科进化关系. 相似文献
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A selective medium containing a combination of starch, milk proteins, and streptomycin was used as a reliable indicator for the presence of Bacillus sphaericus in soil samples collected from a mosquito habitat where this pathogen was previously applied. The medium can also be used as an indicator substrate to retrieve B. sphaericus from infected mosquito larvae. Results show that B. sphaericus remains viable and infective 9 months after application as a larvacidal agent of mosquitoes in a roadside ditch. 相似文献
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Personal protection measures against biting arthropods include topical insect repellents, area repellents, insecticide‐treated bednets and treated clothing. The literature on the effectiveness of personal protection products against arthropods is mainly limited to studies of prevention of bites, rather than prevention of disease. Tungiasis was successfully controlled by application of topical repellents and scrub typhus was reduced through the use of treated clothing. Successful reduction of leishmaniasis was achieved through the use of topical repellents, treated bednets and treated clothing in individual studies. Malaria has been reduced by the use of insecticide‐treated bednets (ITN), certain campaigns involving topical repellents, and the combination of treated bednets and topical repellents. Although area repellents such as mosquito coils are used extensively, their ability to protect humans from vector‐transmitted pathogens has not been proven. Taken together, the literature indicates that personal protection measures must be used correctly to be effective. A study that showed successful control of malaria by combining treated bednets and topical repellents suggests that combinations of personal protection measures are likely to be more effective than single methods. Implementation of successful programmes based on personal protection will require a level of cooperation commonly associated with other basic societal functions, such as education and food safety. 相似文献
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We evaluated the oviposition response of gravid Aedes albopictus (Skuse) to six organic infusions. Laboratory and field‐placed oviposition cups baited with water oak (Quercus nigra L.), longleaf pine (Pinus palustris P. Mill), or St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze), as well as binary infusion mixtures of each, were used. In addition, a triple‐cage, dual port olfactometer was used to measure upwind response of gravid individuals to these infusions. We found that Ae. albopictus deposited more eggs in infusion‐baited cups compared with water alone. Moreover, significantly more eggs were laid in the water oak and a water oak‐pine mixture as compared with the St. Augustine grass infusion in laboratory bioassays. However, a negative upwind response was observed with longleaf pine infusion in the olfactometer. In field cages, significantly more eggs were deposited in infusion‐baited cups as compared with water alone and a greater percentage of eggs were deposited in cups containing a water oak and the water oak‐longleaf pine mixture as compared with cups containing single infusions or their mixtures. 相似文献
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本文阐述了植物源驱蚊物质的主要活性成分、具有驱蚊作用的植物种类;讨论了植物源驱蚊剂的开发现状、存在问题及影响驱蚊效果的因素;提出了未来驱蚊剂的研究热点和方向。 相似文献
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Lowering food consumption by larvae has been shown to (1) prolong the duration of development in Aedes aegypti, (2) increase the time elapsed between emergence of males and females, (3) produce smaller mosquitoes with a reduced lipid content per milligram of body weight, and (4) bring about a significant decrease in the percentage composition of 18:0 and 18:2 fatty acids. 相似文献