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1.
陈坚  张晓琴  傅继梁 《生命科学》2000,12(5):199-202
组蛋白乙酰化与基因转录等生物效应有密切的关系,组蛋白乙酰化主要是由组蛋白乙酰转移酶催化的。 要介绍了基因转录有关组蛋白乙酰转移酶,包括HATA/Gcn5p、p300/CBP、p/CAF、ACTR、Src1、TAF Ⅱ 250、Elp3等的来源,与其相互作用的蛋白质及其主要功能。  相似文献   

2.
组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)参与真核细胞基因转录的调节,其抑制剂由于具有调节转录并产生抗病毒、抗炎、抗氧化等作用,有希望成为一类新药.非放射性分光光度HAT测定方法虽然可替代广泛使用的放射性检测方法,但缺乏灵敏度和准确性.建立了一种简单的非放射性荧光检测方法,即测量辅酶A(CoASH)与邻苯二甲醛(OPA)和巯基乙醇反应的荧光产物.此法与分光光度法相比具有更高的准确性,可进行多种化合物HAT抑制活性的筛选.这种新方法有望成为研究转录调节和新药开发方面的一种有效工具.  相似文献   

3.
组蛋白乙酰转移酶及脱乙酰基酶的作用及调节机制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
姜绮霞  袁洪 《生命的化学》2007,27(3):218-220
组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)及脱乙酰基酶(HDAC)调节组蛋白和转录因子的乙酰化水平,从而在控制细胞生命活动中发挥着重要作用.该文主要从HAT和HDAC的量、酶活性以及利用度的调节三个方面,详细阐述了HAT和HDAC调控的分子机制,并对未来的研究方向提出新的构想.  相似文献   

4.
染色体核心心组蛋白乙酰化与基因的激活存在着密切的关系。本文主要介绍了组蛋白乙酰化与基因转录时基本的转录机器和转录激活子的关系,非组蛋白的乙酰化与其激活转录的关系,并例举了一些可能的机理。  相似文献   

5.
组蛋白乙酰化与癌症   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17       下载免费PDF全文
由于组蛋白被修饰所引起的染色质结构的改变,在真核生物基因表达调控中发挥着重要的作用,这些修饰主要包括甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化和泛素化等,其中组蛋白乙酰化尤为重要.组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)和组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)参与决定组蛋白乙酰化状态.HAT通常作为多亚基辅激活物复合体的一部分,催化组蛋白乙酰化,导致染色质结构的松散、激活转录;而HDAC是多亚基辅抑制物复合体的一部分,使组蛋白去乙酰化,导致染色质集缩,并抑制基因的转录. 编码这些酶的基因染色体易位易于导致急性白血病的发生.另一方面,已经确定了一些乙酰化修饰酶的基因在染色体上的位置,它们尤其倾向定位于染色体的断裂处.综述了HAT和HDAC参与的组蛋白乙酰化与癌症发生之间关系的最新进展,以期进一步阐明组蛋白乙酰化修饰酶的生物学功能以及它们在癌症发生过程中的作用.  相似文献   

6.
【背景】组蛋白乙酰转移酶general control nonderepressible-5 (GCN5)作为一种重要的表观遗传修饰因子,参与调控真核生物的多种生命活动。目前,关于灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)组蛋白乙酰转移酶GCN5的功能与机制研究尚未见报道。【目的】明确灰葡萄孢组蛋白乙酰转移酶GCN5的编码基因BcGCN5在病菌生长发育和致病过程中的功能,为进一步阐明组蛋白乙酰化修饰在病原菌生长发育及致病过程中的功能与调控机制奠定基础。【方法】利用基因敲除技术构建了灰葡萄孢BcGCN5基因的敲除突变体ΔBcGCN5;以野生型菌株B05.10为对照,对突变体ΔBcGCN5的表型和致病力进行分析。【结果】灰葡萄孢BcGCN5基因的敲除突变体ΔBcGCN5的生长速率明显减慢,菌核数量较少,分生孢子数量显著降低,对番茄果实和烟草叶片的致病力减弱,产酸能力降低。【结论】灰葡萄孢组蛋白乙酰转移酶BcGCN5正调控病菌的生长、发育和致病过程。  相似文献   

7.
由6个亚基组成的Elongator复合物是RNA聚合酶Ⅱ(RNA polymeraseⅡ.RNAPⅡ)全酶的一个重要组成部分,它可以与高度磷酸化的RNAPⅡ相结合,其Elp3亚基具有组蛋白乙酰转移酶(histone acetyltransferase,HAT)活性,在以染色质为模板的转录延伸中发挥重要作用。Elongator是目前发现的第一个参与转录延伸的HAT复合物。  相似文献   

8.
p300/CBP相关因子(p300/CBPassociated factor,PCAF)是真核细胞内一种重要的组蛋白乙酰转移酶,它主要通过催化核心组蛋白的乙酰化,促进特定基因的转录,参与细胞内多种生物学过程。国内目前尚没有制备出具有生物学活性的组蛋白乙酰转移酶PCAF的报道。为此, PCAF全长cDNA被克隆入原核表达载体pGEX-5X-1,通过对诱导条件进行优化,实现了PCAF在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株中的高效可溶性表达并进行了亲和纯化。利用体外乙酰转移酶活性分析实验,检测到所表达的GST-PCAF融合蛋白能够使组蛋白H3发生乙酰化。这种具有生物学活性的PCAF蛋白的成功制备为进一步研究PCAF的转录调控功能以及它与其它蛋白间的相互作用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
GCN5是首个在酵母中被克隆和鉴定的组蛋白乙酰转移酶,属于GCN5相关N-乙酰基转移酶超家族成员,具有赖氨酸乙酰转移酶的活性.GCN5主要分布在细胞核内,由可识别组蛋白乙酰基团的溴结构域和具有催化活性的组蛋白乙酰转移酶结构域及N末端结构域组成,其引起的赖氨酸残基的乙酰化修饰能增强组蛋白与DNA的结合力,进而影响基因的转...  相似文献   

10.
孔卫青  杨金宏  朱勇 《昆虫学报》2007,50(3):215-221
MYST组蛋白乙酰转移酶(histone acetyltransferase, HAT)广泛存在于从酵母到人的真核生物中,在真核生物的转录调控中起着重要的作用。利用NCBI已登录的其他物种该基因的氨基酸序列与家蚕的基因组框架图和表达序列标签(expressed sequence tags, EST)数据库进行电子克隆,获得了家蚕中的同源基因。该基因长1 575 bp(GenBank登录号为DQ442997),开放阅读框(ORF)长1 326 bp,无内含子。基因编码442个氨基酸,预测蛋白质的分子量为51.4 kD。序列中有HAT核心结构域、锌指结构域和染色质域3个保守的结构域,与其他物种同源基因具有较高的序列相似性。RT-PCR结果表明该基因在本实验所检测的家蚕各时期和组织中均有表达。将该基因用亚克隆的方法导入到pET50b载体中并成功地进行了原核表达,表达出了带有6个组氨酸和1个Nus·Tag标签的重组蛋白。  相似文献   

11.
Neuronal histone acetylation has been linked to memory consolidation, and targeting histone acetylation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the role of histone‐modifying enzymes in the adult brain is still far from being understood. Here we use RNA sequencing to screen the levels of all known histone acetyltransferases (HATs) in the hippocampal CA1 region and find that K‐acetyltransferase 2a (Kat2a)—a HAT that has not been studied for its role in memory function so far—shows highest expression. Mice that lack Kat2a show impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity and long‐term memory consolidation. We furthermore show that Kat2a regulates a highly interconnected hippocampal gene expression network linked to neuroactive receptor signaling via a mechanism that involves nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB). In conclusion, our data establish Kat2a as a novel and essential regulator of hippocampal memory consolidation.  相似文献   

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13.
The human pituitary tumor transforming gene (hPTTG) serves as a marker for malignancy grading in several cancers, hPTTG is in volved in multiple cellular pathways including cell transformation, apoptosis, DNA repair, genomic instability, mitotic control and angiogenesis induction. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hPTTG regulation have not been fully explored. In this study, we found that overexpression of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) p300 upregulated hPTTG at the levels of promoter activity, mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, the HAT activity of p300 was critical for its regulatory function. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)analysis revealed that overexpression of p300 elevated the level of histone H3 acetylation on the hPTTG promoter. Additionally, the NF-Y sites at the hPTTG promoter exhibited a synergistic effect on upregulation of hPTTG through interacting with p300. We also found thattreatment of 293T cells with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) increased hPTTG promoter activity. Meanwhile, we provided evidence that HDAC3 decreased hPTTG promoter activity. These data implicate an important role of the histone acetylation modification in the regulation of hPTTG.  相似文献   

14.
The human pituitary tumor transforming gene (hPTTG) serves as a marker for malignancy grading in several cancers, hPTTG is involved in multiple cellular pathways including cell transformation, apoptosis, DNA repair, genomic instability, mitotic control and angiogenesis induction. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hPTTG regulation have not been fully explored. In this study, we found that overexpression of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) p300 upregulated hPTTG at the levels of promoter activity, mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, the HAT activity of p300 was critical for its regulatory function. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) analysis revealed that overexpression of p300 elevated the level of histone H3 acetylation on the hPTTG promoter. Additionally, the NF-Y sites at the hPTTG promoter exhibited a synergistic effect on upregulation of hPTTG through interacting with p300. We also found that treatment of 293T cells with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Tfichostatin A (TSA) increased hPTTG promoter activity. Meanwhile, we provided evidence that HDAC3 decreased hPTTG promoter activity. These data implicate an important role of the histone acetylafion modification in the regulation of hPTTG.  相似文献   

15.
p300/CBP及其相关因子PCAF与转录调控   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
p300/CBP及相关因子PCAF具有乙酰转移酶活性,能通过乙酰化组蛋白和非组蛋白的方式参与基因的转录调控.同时,它们能在转录因子和基本转录复合物之间起到桥梁作用,而且也能为整合多种转录因子提供支架,是一种典型的转录辅激活子. p300/CBP与细胞周期调控、细胞凋亡以及癌症的发生等过程之间有着直接的联系。本文概括了p300/CBP与PCAF的基本特性,并简要介绍它们与其他蛋白之间的相互作用,特别是E1A的最新研究进展。  相似文献   

16.
    
Cellular differentiation is caused by highly controlled modifications in the gene expression but rarely involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Histone acetylation is a major epigenetic factor that adds an acetyl group to histone proteins, thus altering their interaction with DNA and nuclear proteins. Illumination of the histone acetylation during dentinogenesis is important for odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. In the current study, we aimed to discover the roles and regulation of acetylation at histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac) and H3K27ac during dentinogenesis. We first found that both of these modifications were enhanced during odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. These modifications are dynamically catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs), among which HDAC3 was decreased while p300 increased during odontoblast differentiation. Moreover, overexpression of HDAC3 or knockdown p300 inhibited odontoblast differentiation in vitro, and inhibition of HDAC3 and p300 with trichostatin A or C646 regulated odontoblast differentiation. Taken together, the results of our present study suggest that histone acetylation is involved in dentinogenesis and coordinated expression of p300- and HDAC3-regulated odontoblast differentiation through upregulating histone acetylation.  相似文献   

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