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1.
黑曲霉产木聚糖酶发酵条件的研究   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
正交设计试验结果表明,黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger m12)产木聚糖酶活力达76.60u/ml,合适的产酶发酵条件如下,培养基(g/L):麸皮40,尿素6.67,KH2PO4 1.0,MgSO4.7H2O0.5,NaCl0.3,Tween-80 3.0,CaCO3 2.0,28℃,120r/min水浴振荡培养5.5d。  相似文献   

2.
蚕豆叶片下表皮ABA结合蛋白提取及分离条件的选择   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以蚕豆(ViciafabaL.)叶片下表皮为材料,比较TritonX100、冷丙酮和(NH4)2SO4对ABA结合蛋白(简称ABABP)的提取效果。结果表明:0.5%(W/V)TritonX100去垢剂提取的ABABP与ABA特异结合活性较高(0.487nmol/gprotein),维持结合活性的时间较长(4℃下反应40h保持最大结合的60%);而冷丙酮法提取的ABABP特异结合活性只有0.325nmol/gprotein,且容易失活,10h仅保持最大结合的30%左右。实验比较了各种盐离子对ABABP的影响,高盐(>300mmol/LNaCl)不利于ABABP的结合反应,低浓度KCl对ABABP活性略有促进。ABABP的结合活性需要介质中有一定量的Ca2+和Mg2+,用EDTA螯合介质中Mg2+、Ca2+后,ABABP活性大大降低,分别为最大结合的75%和60%。ABABP与ABA反应的最适pH在6.5,这些条件为亲和层析纯化ABABP提供了依据。  相似文献   

3.
NaCl胁迫对螺旋藻生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
在01%~5.0%NaCl浓度范围的培养基中培养极大螺旋藻(Spirulinamaxima),发现NaCl浓度高于2.0%时螺旋藻生长受到明显抑制。培养7天后测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASAPOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明:在盐胁迫下,SOD酶活性升高;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性在低盐胁迫下活性升高,高盐胁迫下抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性迅速降低,过氧化物酶则完全失活;MDA含量先随盐胁迫程度增加而降低,后随盐胁迫的进一步增强恢复至对照水平。  相似文献   

4.
胡承  彭勇 《工业微生物》1999,29(4):27-30
从成都佳丰食品厂等处采集的样品中平板分离初筛到124株碱性蛋白酶产生菌,进一步复筛出一株高产,且稳定的碱性蛋白酶产生菌株B.L.JF-ld初步鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacilluslicheniformis)。该菌的最适产酶条件为:培养基(%)为麦芽糖7.5,酵母膏3,NaCl0.5,K2HPO4·3H2O0.53,NaH2PO4·23H2O0.03,Na2CO30.056,MnSO4l×10^-4  相似文献   

5.
不同浓度四氯化碳(CCl4)对草鱼肝原代细胞的损伤实验中,CCl4浓度为10μl/ml可引起细胞血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)逸出量与细胞破损率显著增高,培养液中添加亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3)0.2μg/ml,则可降低ALT、AST、LDH的逸出量,减轻细胞破损程度。Na2SeO3保护实验中,Na2SeO2+CCl4组预先腹腔注射(ip)0.1mg/kg.bw连续三日,末次ipCCl4混合液1ml/kg.bw,24h内肝组织超氧物歧化酶(SOD)相对活性比CCl4组提高达91.5%,第七日仍提高达54.5%,与对照组的水平基本接近;血清中丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)水平逐渐降低。本实验还观察到Na2SeO3可引起肝脂质过氧化物显著降低,肝微粒体蛋白含量与细胞色素P—450活性升高;组织切片观察显示肝组织损伤程度减轻,72h后细胞核增多。表明Na2SeO3可提高草鱼肝清除自由基能力,增强肝脏解毒功能。  相似文献   

6.
冯康  郭学勤 《生理学报》1997,49(5):491-496
雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠,用乌拉坦(700mg/kg)和氯醛糖(30mg/kg)腹腔麻醉。在双侧头端延髓腹外侧区(rVLM区)每侧微量注射血管加压素(AVP)(10pmol/0.1μl)可引起平均动脉压(MBP)升高,心率(HR)变化不明显,每侧微量注射AVP的V1受体拮抗剂d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)^2]AVP(0.1nmol/0.1μl)后MBP和HR无明显变化。若预先在rVL  相似文献   

7.
新克痛宁术后镇痛效果观察   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
王兴业  王凤学 《蛇志》1999,11(1):19-20
目的了解眼镜蛇毒制剂新克痛宁对术后镇痛效果。方法对72例胫腓骨折病人,在连续硬膜外阻滞麻醉下行切开复位内固定术,术后随机分为4组(每组18例)向硬膜外腔注药:A组新克痛宁0.25IU/kg;B组新克痛宁0.125IU/kg加0.5%利多卡因液10ml;C组吗啡2mg;D组吗啡1mg加0.5%利多卡因液10ml。结果镇痛持续时间A、B组明显延长,A与B组分别为(412±28)min,与C、D组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。注药后30~120min,患肢足背皮肤温度,A、B组亦高于C、D组(P<0.05),且无不良反应。结论新克痛宁术后镇痛效果比吗啡好。  相似文献   

8.
李凤阁  李海兵 《蛇志》1994,6(4):20-21
对照组小鼠腹腔注射蝮蛇抗栓酶0.1u/10g,实验组同时再注射0.5%EDTA2Na溶液0.25ml/10g,结果表明,死亡率各组间无差别(P>0.05),但对照组动物脏器有出血现象,而实验组则无出血。  相似文献   

9.
脑腹侧被盖区微量注射溴隐亭对伏隔核DOPAC含量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
钱朝霞  张海光 《生理学报》1993,45(5):479-485
本工作在戊巴比妥钠麻醉的SD雄性大鼠上进行。结果表明:左侧腹侧被盖区(VTA)微量注射多巴胺(DA)受体激动剂溴隐亭(2.5μg/0.5μl,n-5)后,用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定同侧伏隔核中多巴胺代射产物—3、4双羟苯乙酸(DOPAC),峰值明显增高,注生50min达到对照值的128%(P<0.01),注后80min达到最高峰,为对照值的143%(P<0.01),作用的持续时间约2h,在注后  相似文献   

10.
蔡敬民 Piet.  M 《真菌学报》1996,15(2):121-128
在YEPD培养中添加NaCl,可以诱导酿酒酵母细胞内3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶的形成,当NaCl浓度达5%时,酶比活从0.05U/mg提高到0.5U/mg;若再限制培养基中葡萄糖浓度在100mg/L以下,酶比活可达到0.89U/mg。酶比活与培养基中的NaCl浓度的函数关系式为:Sa=0.129C^3-0.038C^2+0.034C+0.063。粗酶液经Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤,Blue Sep  相似文献   

11.
The purpose of this study was to determine if the renal circulation of normal and cirrhotic dogs behave similarly in response to an acute endotoxin infusion. Endotoxin was administered as a slow continuous infusion (13-26 micrograms/min) to a total of 20 normal dogs through the femoral vein, portal vein, or into the left renal artery. In each case, there was an initial increment in renal blood flow, of the order of 46%, while arterial blood pressure was actually declining. After 8-20 min, blood flow fell as perfusion pressure declined further. The initial increment in renal perfusion was not due to a hyperthermic response following the endotoxin. When similar doses were given to five dogs with chronic biliary cirrhosis and ascites, the biphasic response in renal perfusion was not observed, rather blood flow declined as perfusion pressure declined. When normal dogs were infused with bilirubin, bile salts, noradrenaline, and angiotensin in pressor doses, the subsequent infusion of endotoxin still produced the usual biphasic response in renal perfusion. Chronic elevation of portal pressure (but not acute elevation), volume contraction by diuresis or hemorrhage, and the infusion of bile intravenously, all abolished the biphasic response in renal perfusion and reproduced in normal dogs the response to endotoxin observed in cirrhotic dogs. Investigation of the factors causing the initial decrease in intrarenal vascular resistance in normal dogs following the endotoxin infusion implicated a role for histamine, kinins, and prostaglandins. We conclude there is a fundamental difference in the response of the renal circulation of normal and cirrhotic dogs to an endotoxin infusion, which may depend on failure of this latter group to release one or more humoral agents. This difference may be due to elevated portal pressure, a decreased effective arterial blood volume, or the products of bile having access to the circulation in cirrhotic dogs.  相似文献   

12.
This study evaluated the effects of rat ANP(5-28) infusion into the blood-perfused dog gracilis muscle at concentrations ranging from 30 to 10,000 pg/ml. The vasculature of gracilis muscles from anesthetized beagle dogs was isolated and pump-perfused at constant flow with blood utilizing an extracorporeal circuit. Maximal vasodilatory capacity was determined by adenosine injection. ANP was infused into the arterial circuit to produce increasing arterial blood concentrations. Each infusion lasted 10 min. Systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output and heart rate did not change during ANP infusion into the gracilis vasculature. ANP at arterial blood concentrations up to 10,000 pg/ml did not produce significant vasodilation although the vasculature showed pronounced vasodilation in response to adenosine. In vitro experiments showed that ANP had much less vasorelaxant activity in dog femoral artery and saphenous vein than in rabbit aorta. Therefore, rat ANP(5-28) at concentrations within and well above physiological and pharmacological ranges does not inhibit the basal vascular tone present in the innervated, blood-perfused dog gracilis muscle in situ.  相似文献   

13.
实验在麻醉狗中进行。静脉内匀速注射硝普钠时,平均动脉压和左心室收缩压明显降低,左心室dp/dt_(max)、-dp/dt_(max)和心力环面积均明显减小。此时电刺激一侧腓深神经可使动脉血压和左心室收缩压明显升高,dp/dt_(max)和心力环面积也显著增加。停止刺激后,动脉血压和左心室收缩压逐渐回向刺激前的水平。停止注射硝普钠5~15分钟后,上述各项观察指标基本恢复到注药前的水平。在用大肠杆菌内毒素造成休克的狗中,电刺激一侧腓深神经,也能使平均动脉压和左心室收缩压升高,同时dp/dt_(max)、-dp/dt_(max)和肠系膜血管阻力明显增高,但肾血管阻力增加不明显。本实验结果与以往的实验资料一起表明,在用扩血管药造成低血压时,躯体神经刺激引起的升压效应似乎以心肌收缩力增加为主;而在内毒素休克时,躯体神经刺激可通过改善心肌收缩功能和增加内脏血管阻力而引起升压作用。  相似文献   

14.
Six rabbits were sham operated and were given water to drink (sham-water group); six additional rabbits were sham operated and were given saline to drink (sham-salt group); another six rabbits received an implant of deoxycorticosterone (DOCA) and were given water to drink (DOCA-water group); a final group of six rabbits received implants of DOCA and were given saline to drink (DOCA-salt group). Two weeks later, all four groups of rabbits had approximately the same mean arterial pressures, and the sham-salt, DOCA-water, and DOCA-salt groups all had plasma renin activity values less than the sham-water group. The DOCA-salt group had greater pressor responses to norepinephrine (NE) at several doses than did the other three groups of rabbits. In another group of six sham-water and six DOCA-salt rabbits, measurements of cardiac output before and during infusions of NE at 800 ng/min/kg body wt revealed no changes in cardiac output before or during NE infusion, but the DOCA-salt group had significantly greater increases in mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance during NE than did the sham-water group. In another group of six DOCA-salt rabbits, the pressor response to several doses of NE were determined during infusion of the angiotensin II (AII) antagonist, [Sar1, Ile8] AII; this AII antagonist failed to alter the enhanced pressor responses to NE. A final experiment examined pressor responses to NE in six normal rabbits before and after cross circulation of blood with six DOCA-salt rabbits. After blood cross circulation the normal rabbits had exaggerated pressor responses to NE at 5, 15, and 30 min, but not at 60 min. Similar cross-circulation experiments between six pairs of normal rabbits did not show any transfer of pressor hyperresponsiveness. These studies indicated that pressor and vascular hyperresponsiveness in DOCA-salt rabbits is conveyed by a fast-acting hormonal factor and that AII probably is not involved in mediating this hyperresponsiveness.  相似文献   

15.
Deoxycorticosterone pivalate (2.5 mg/kg) given intramuscularly on four occasions 10-15 days apart over a period of 45 days to unilaterally nephrectomized adult male mongrel dogs, receiving as drinking solution 0.9% NaCl in 5% dextrose, resulted in an average sustained rise in the mean arterial blood pressure of 30 mm Hg (1 mm Hg - 133 N/m2) in 60% of the animals. Hypertensive dogs had in their arterial tissues generally more sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium than the similarly treated but non-hypertensive dogs, but compared to the tissues of operated untreated or unoperated normotensive dogs, only sodium and calcium were significantly higher. The dogs who were similarly treated but did not develop hypertension had in their arterial tissues less sodium, potassium, and magnesium than operated untreated or unoperated normotensive dogs. Norepinephrine content in the branches of mesenteric arteries of all deoxycorticosterone- and NaCl-treated animals, irrespective of their blood pressure, was significantly lower, and in the myocardium significantly higher, than either the unoperated normotensive or operated but not further treated dogs. It is concluded, therefore, that in deoxycorticosterone + NaCl treatment the dogs which developed hypertension had more arterial sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium than those who were similarly treated but remained within the limits of normal blood pressure, and that there was no difference between hypertensive and non-hypertensive dogs in regard to their cardiovascular norepinephrine content.  相似文献   

16.
A method for rapidly changing perfusion pressure to the relatively intact dog hindlimb using vacuum assistance is proposed and demonstrated. The hindlimb of an anesthetized dog is inserted into a rigid sealed enclosure for application of a partial vacuum. The circulation of the hindlimb remains entirely intact except for a single large noncollapsible catheter placed in the femoral vein and connected to a servo-pump. The servo-pump maintains the venous pressure equal to the enclosure pressure even when this pressure is in the partial vacuum state. The automatically adjusted pumping rate of this pump also provides a continuous measure of the blood flow in the limb as it returns the blood via a jugular catheter. In nine dogs the systemic arterial pressure was maintained constant, and the enclosure pressure and venous pressure were set to subatmospheric levels, thus changing the perfusion pressure to any desired value up to 220 mmHg. The procedure had minimal impact on the central circulation, suggesting that the technique may be useful in studying hemodynamics of the hindlimb or other organs at high perfusion pressure, which has always been difficult to achieve experimentally. In the nine dogs, blood flow responses were observed at both elevated and reduced perfusion pressure. The changes in measured blood flow induced by the changes in perfusion pressure were variable but were generally directly proportional to perfusion pressure in the steady state.  相似文献   

17.
Carbacyclin is a chemically stable analogue of prostacyclin. As an inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced by ADP or collagen in vitro, carbacyclin is 0.03 times as active as prostacyclin in human, dog or rabbit plasma. Carbacyclin, like prostacyclin, reduces systemic arterial blood pressure (BP) in dogs, rabbits and rats and is not inactivated during passage through the pulmonary circulation. Further actions were investigated using a new ex vivo technique which allows rapid preparation of platelet-rich plasma and determination of platelet aggregation. In the dog, intravenous infusion of carbacyclin or prostacyclin inhibits platelet aggregation ex vivo with minimal effects on BP or heart rate. In the anaesthetised or conscious rabbit, carbacyclin and prostacyclin produces similar cardiovascular changes in doses producing an equivalent degree of platelet inhibition. In both rabbit and dog, carbacyclin is 0.1 times as active as prostacyclin in inhibiting ex vivo platelet aggregation. Platelet inhibition is maintained throughout the period of infusion of either compound (up to 3 h) yet is no longer apparent 10 min after terminating the infusion. Carbacyclin is thus a chemically-stable but metabolically-unstable analogue with a biological profile closely similar to prostacyclin.  相似文献   

18.
Acute bilateral Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia was induced in 10 anesthetized dogs, after which five dogs received intravenous indomethacin (2 mg/kg) (indomethacin group), whereas five others were infused with saline (2 ml/kg) (control group). Plasma levels of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha(6-keto-PGF1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2), stable metabolites of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2), respectively, were measured by radioimmunoassay. Although TxB2 levels were not different before and after inoculation in either group, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels increased from their base-line value in each animal as pneumonia developed (indomethacin group: less than 100 to 330 +/- 90 pg/ml; control group: less than 100 to 630 +/- 300 pg/ml). Both prostaglandins fell to less than 100 pg/ml in each dog after indomethacin infusion, whereas they remained elevated in the control group after infusion of normal saline. Perfusion of consolidated lung regions (Qp/QT), measured with radioactive microspheres and expressed as a percent of total pulmonary blood flow, was dramatically reduced after indomethacin (35 +/- 3 to 16 +/- 1%) with consequent improvement in pulmonary shunt (Qs/QT: 30 +/- 8 to 18 +/- 6%) and arterial O2 tension (PaO2: 123 +/- 25 to 274 +/- 77 Torr). These parameters remained unchanged or deteriorated further in the control group after infusion of saline. Three additional dogs with Pseudomonas pneumonia were studied in which the indomethacin-induced reduction in Qp/QT was substantially but not completely reversed by intravenous infusion of PGI2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

19.
缓冲神经在电针抑制犬急性实验性高血压中的作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在切除双侧窦神经与主动脉弓神经的慢性犬,血压很快回复至对照水平,但较易波动。在此种犬静脉匀速注射去甲肾上腺素造成高血压状态时,电针“足三里”不再有明显降压作用。在麻醉犬静脉勻速注射去甲肾上腺素时,肾交感冲动随血压上升而受到明显抑制,然后在16分钟内逐渐回升。血压上升时呼出气 CO_2百分比明显升高,伴随动脉血 CO_2分压升高而 O_2分压降低。在切除缓冲神经后再注射去甲肾上腺素时,肾交感冲动未见明显变化。在清醒犬静脉匀速注射去甲肾上腺素时,动脉血 O_2分压也有明显降低,而注射苯肾上腺素时,血 O_2分压很少改变。电针“足三里’对苯肾上腺素性高血压的降压作用不明显。且心得安可阻断电针对去甲肾上腺素性高血压的降压作用。此外,电针能抑制山梗菜碱所致的化学感受性升压反射,此种抑制作用可为静脉注射纳洛酮所阻断。结果表明,去甲肾上腺素除能收缩血管升高血压,增加压力感受性传入冲动外,还能刺激新陈代谢,改变血液气体成分而引起化学感受性升压反射。电针“足三里”主要因能抑制化学感受性反射而能降压,仅有压力感受性传入冲动的增多并不能使电针具有明显降压效应。  相似文献   

20.
High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) was studied in twelve deeply anesthetized, paralyzed dogs. Entrained volume and total expired volume were directly measured by integration of flow. Jet volume was computed from these measurements. Seven dogs were ventilated with a driving pressure of 10 psi at rates of 2 and 5 Hz for each of three mechanical loads: control, thoracoabdominal wrap, and histamine infusion. Both load conditions reduced total expired volume and entrained volume but had no effect on jet volume. Wrap reduced entrainment more at 2 Hz while the effect of histamine infusion was frequency independent. Control arterial blood gases demonstrated that PO2 was higher and PCO2 was lower during 2 Hz ventilation than during 5 Hz ventilation despite equivalent minute volumes. Five additional dogs were studied using control and wrap loads and an additional ventilator setting of 15 psi at 5 Hz. This group demonstrated that wrap reduces entrainment more at lower frequencies for ventilatory settings providing equivalent gas exchange. We conclude that increasing mechanical load reduces entrainment during HFJV and that this reduction is frequency dependent for restrictive loads.  相似文献   

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