治疗性疫苗的研究进展

治疗性疫苗可克服机体的免疫耐受 ,提高机体的特异性免疫反应 ,对一些目前尚无有效治疗药物的传染性疾病及肿瘤等起到治疗作用。介绍了治疗性疫苗的概况、机理和临床研究的最新进展。     

肿瘤疫苗研发进展

通过检索 Thomson Reuters Pharma 数据库、Integrity 数据库和 Derwent Innovation Index 数据库,对肿瘤疫苗的研发技术靶点、研发状态、有关专利进行分析,把握国际肿瘤疫苗的技术研发重点领,为我国肿瘤疫苗研发发展提供信息据.     

抗肿瘤药物的研发态势分析

恶性肿瘤（癌症）是导致人类死亡的主要原因之一,为此,全球各国的研究者进行了大量的研究。本文分析了抗肿瘤药物近年来的研究进展和趋势,特别对分子靶向抗肿瘤药物、生物标志物在抗肿瘤药物治疗中的应用,以及肿瘤治疗性疫苗的研究进展进行了总结。     

幽门螺杆菌的治疗性疫苗

幽门螺杆菌感染的传统治疗方案面临着耐药性和依从性差的问题,而其治疗性疫苗有着广阔的应用前景.该文综述近年来幽门螺杆菌治疗性疫苗的研究进展,分别阐述幽门螺杆菌的感染免疫机制、主要抗原、佐剂、已有的治疗性疫苗等方面.     

治疗性疫苗研究进展

治疗性疫苗通过打破机体的免疫耐受,提高机体的特异性免疫反应,对一些目前尚无有效治疗药物的传染性疾病、肿瘤等起到治疗作用。介绍了治疗性疫苗的概况、机理和临床最新进展。     

治疗性结核病疫苗研究进展

治疗性结核病疫苗主要用于接种已感染结核分枝杆菌的个体,包括化学药物治疗的患者和潜伏感染者。治疗性疫苗可逆转发生在疾病进展期的非保护性免疫反应,使其向Th1型反应发展;能打破机体的免疫耐受,有效激发宿主针对结核分枝杆菌的以抗原为基础的细胞免疫反应,诱发抗原特异性的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞免疫反应,来清除胞内寄生的结核分枝杆菌。治疗性疫苗将有助于防止潜伏结核病的复发;与药物联合使用以提高药物的治疗效果,尤其是针对耐药结核病的治疗。     

肿瘤疫苗的研究进展

作为一种前景光明的肿瘤治疗方式,肿瘤疫苗能帮助机体产生针对肿瘤抗原的特异性免疫应答和长期的免疫记忆来治疗肿瘤,是癌症免疫治疗领域重要的研究方向。目前,肿瘤疫苗按制剂方式主要可以分为四类,即细胞疫苗、病毒疫苗、多肽类疫苗和核酸类疫苗。这些疫苗能通过增强机体内抗肿瘤免疫反应而发挥清除肿瘤细胞、抑制肿瘤生长的功能。该综述将对肿瘤疫苗的作用机制、基础研究与临床试验的最新进展进行讨论,以期为深入理解肿瘤疫苗、开发新型肿瘤疫苗提供有益的参考。     

肿瘤的分子治疗新进展

肿瘤的发生、发展是一个多步骤、多基因参与的、复杂的系统性过程.分子治疗作为21世纪最有希望根治人类肿瘤的技术,其治疗技术的关键在于靶分子的选择,寻找合适的靶分子一直是分子治疗肿瘤的重要方向.针对近年来肿瘤治疗研究中发现的端粒酶靶标、抗血管生成基因靶标、apoptin、survivin、stathmin、autophagy、PUMA、转铁蛋白受体靶标和相应的治疗策略作一综述.     

Influence of FCGRT gene polymorphisms on pharmacokinetics of therapeutic antibodies

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) encoded by FCGRT is known to be involved in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Variability in the expression of FCGRT gene and consequently in the FcRn protein level could explain differences in PK observed between patients treated with mAbs. We studied whether the previously described variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) or copy number variation (CNV) of FCGRT are associated with individual variations of PK parameters of cetuximab. VNTR and CNV were assessed on genomic DNA of 198 healthy individuals and of 94 patients treated with the therapeutic mAb. VNTR and CNV were analyzed by allele-specific PCR and duplex real-time PCR with Taqman^® technology, respectively. The relationship between FCGRT polymorphisms (VNTR and CNV) and PK parameters of patients treated with cetuximab was studied. VNTR3 homozygote patients had a lower cetuximab distribution clearance than VNTR2/VNTR3 and VNTR3/VNTR4 patients (p = 0.021). We observed no affects of VNTR genotype on elimination clearance. One healthy person (0.5%) and 1 patient (1.1%) had 3 copies of FCGRT. The PK parameters of this patient did not differ from those of patients with 2 copies. The FCGRT promoter VNTR may influence mAbs’ distribution in the body. CNV of FCGRT cannot be used as a relevant pharmacogenetic marker because of its low frequency.     

Pin1促进肿瘤发展相关机制的研究进展

脯氨酰顺反异构酶1(peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1,Pin1)为细胞内主要起信号传导作用的小分子蛋白。Pin1在肿瘤中的异常表达和信号调控促进肿瘤的发展,包括诱导耐药、辅助致肿瘤性病毒感染、参与肿瘤的缺氧代谢和其它信号调控等。本文对于Pin1的促肿瘤发展特点进行简要总结。     

Quality attributes of recombinant therapeutic proteins: an assessment of impact on safety and efficacy as part of a quality by design development approach

Quality by Design (QbD) is a new approach to the development of recombinant therapeutic protein products that promotes a better understanding of the product and its manufacturing process. The first step in the QbD approach consists in identifying the critical quality attributes (CQA), i.e., those quality attributes of the product that have an impact on its clinical efficacy or safety. CQAs are identified through a science-based risk assessment taking into consideration a combination of clinical and nonclinical data obtained with the molecule or other similar molecules or platform products, as well as the published literature. The purpose of this article is to perform a comprehensive review of the published literature, supporting an assessment of the impact on safety and efficacy of the quality attributes commonly encountered in recombinant therapeutic proteins, more specifically those produced in mammalian cell expression systems. Quality attributes generally observed in biopharmaceutical proteins including product-related impurities and substances, process-related impurities, product attributes, and contaminants are evaluated one by one for their impact on biological activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and overall safety/toxicity.     

我国植被数量分析方法的研究概况和发展趋势

植被数量分析是现代植被研究的重要手段,数量分类和排序是现代植被生态学研究最重要的,也是应用最广泛的生态学技术。数量分析方法在20世纪50年代引入植被生态学研究领域,我国学者在70年代后期开始研究植被的数量分类和排序。本文主要从相关资料、应用研究、新方法研究三个方面论述了我国植被数量分析方法的发展,重点阐述了从20世纪70年代后期以来出现的并且被广泛应用的新方法及其应用研究概况,并在此基础上分析了植被数量分析方法未来的发展趋势。     

肿瘤转移抑制基因BRMS1的表达分析及机制研究进展

乳腺癌转移抑制基因1(BRMS1)是一个有活性的肿瘤转移抑制基因,参与抑制乳腺癌、黑素瘤、鼻咽癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌等恶性肿瘤的转移。BRMS1编码蛋白主要通过转录调控转移相关靶基因,参与调节细胞凋亡、细胞通讯、肿瘤血管新生等多种细胞事件。从BRMS1基因的分子结构、表达调控、生物学功能以及转移抑制机理等方面对BRMS1的研究进展做简要回顾。     

Plants as sources of natural and recombinant anti-cancer agents

Herbal remedies were the first medicines used by humans due to the many pharmacologically active secondary metabolites produced by plants. Some of these metabolites inhibit cell division and can therefore be used for the treatment of cancer, e.g. the mitostatic drug paclitaxel (Taxol). The ability of plants to produce medicines targeting cancer has expanded due to the advent of genetic engineering, particularly in recent years because of the development of gene editing systems such as the CRISPR/Cas9 platform. These technologies allow the introduction of genetic modifications that facilitate the accumulation of native pharmaceutically-active substances, and even the production heterologous recombinant proteins, including human antibodies, lectins and vaccine candidates. Here we discuss the anti-cancer agents that are produced by plants naturally or following genetic modification, and the potential of these products to supply modern healthcare systems. Special emphasis will be put on proteinaceous anti-cancer agents, which can exhibit an improved selectivity and reduced side effects compared to small molecule-based drugs.