绿僵菌SC0924酚酸类代谢产物及其抗荔枝霜疫霉活性

从绿僵菌SC0924固体发酵物中分离得到8个酚酸类化合物,通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为香草酸(1)、丁香酸(2)、邻氨基苯甲酸(3)、苯乙酸(4)、阿魏酸(5)、二氢阿魏酸(6)、2-羟基-3-苯丙酸(7)和2-羟基-3-对羟基苯丙酸丁酯(8).以滤纸片琼脂扩散法对以上化合物进行抗荔枝霜疫霉活性试验,结果表明除化合物2和6外,其余化合物均有抑菌活性.     

黑果枸杞正丁醇部位的酚性化合物

采用色谱法从黑果枸杞中分离得到7个化合物,借助波谱学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别鉴定为2-O-(3-甲氧基4,5-二羟基苯甲酰基)-4-羟基-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯乙酸(1)、绿原酸(2)、绿原酸甲酯(3)、glucoacetosyringone(4)、丁香酸(5)、对羟基苯甲醛(6)和3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(7)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物4和7为首次从本属中被分离得到。     

一株白粉寄生菌的酚类代谢产物

从得自鼎湖山自然保护区的一株白粉寄生菌(Ampelomyces sp.)SC0307固体发酵物中分离得到7个酚类化合物.通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为2,5-二羟基苯甲醇(1)、对羟基苯甲酸(2)、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸(3)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(4)、苯乙酸(5)、3,4-二甲氧基肉桂酸(6)、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉佳酸(7).7个化合物均为从白粉寄生菌属真菌中首次分离获得.     

海洋真菌Rhizopus sp.2-PDA-61化学成分的研究(英文)

从海洋真菌根霉2-PDA-61中共发现6个已知化合物,其中包括2个细胞毒活性的环五肽(1和2)和4个苯的衍生物(3~6)。通过波谱学数据分析和与已知化合物数据比较,这些化合物分别被鉴定为malformin C(1)、malformin A1(2)、2,5-二羟基苯乙酸甲酯(3)、对羟基苯乙醇(4)、对甲基苯乙醇(5)和对苯二甲醚(6)。化合物1和2对P388细胞系表现出中等强度的细胞毒活性,IC50值分别为1.8μM和4.2μM。     

南海深海细菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GAS 00152抗菌代谢产物研究

采用多种色谱分离技术,从南海深海细菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GAS 00152发酵液中分离得到12个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为4-苯基-3-丁烯酰胺(1)、苯乙酰胺(2)、苯乙酸-2-(4-羟苯基)乙酯(3)、对羟基苯乙醇(4)、环(甘氨酸-2-氨基丁酸)(5)、环(甘氨酸-亮氨酸)(6)、环(甘氨酸-L-脯氨酸)(7)、环(D-脯氨酸-L-缬氨酸)(8)、环(4-羟基脯氨酸-亮氨酸)(9)、环(N-甲基甘氨酸-苯丙氨酸)(10)、环(L-2-羟基脯氨酸-苯丙氨酸)(11)、环(2-哌啶酸-苯丙氨酸)(12)。其中,化合物1为新天然产物。测试化合物1~12对番木瓜炭疽菌和香蕉黑星菌的抑制活性,发现化合物9对两种热带水果致病菌显示出中等抗菌活性。     

根霉3078的代谢产物的研究

从根霉3078菌丝体的甲醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱分析,鉴定为5α,8α-表二氧-(20S,22E,24R)-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(1)、甘油醇-1-单油酸酯(2)、4-羟基苯乙酮(3)、4-羟基苯乙酸(4)、(20S,22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β三醇(5)、(S)-3-羟基-3-苯基丙酸(6)、胸腺嘧啶(7)、尿嘧啶(8)和腺苷(9)。     

沼液中化学成分的研究

通过用硅胶、凝胶柱层析和制备液相纯化,从沼液浓缩物里分离出四个化合物,经鉴定其中一个为新化合物,将其命名为24-降齐墩果烷-4,12-二烯-3,22-二酮(1),其余三个为已知化合物,8-羟基-3,4-二氢喹啉-2酮(2)、(E)-3-(2-羟基苯)丙烯酰胺(3)、苯乙酸(4)。这些化合物均是首次从鸡粪沼液中分离出来。     

越前水母共附生真菌Aspergillus fumigatus sp.次级代谢产物研究

采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、中压反相柱层析以及半制备高效液相色谱等方法对韩国南部海岸来源的越前水母共附生真菌A.fumigatus的大米发酵产物进行分离纯化,并利用核磁共振、质谱等波谱学方法结合其理化性质及文献数据鉴定了7个单体化合物的结构:sinulariapeptide C(1)、simplicilliumtide A(2)、simplicilliumtide B(3)、sinulariapeptide D(4)、4-羟基-17R-甲基降甾醇(5)、3-羟基苯乙酸甲酯(6)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(7)。化合物1～7均为首次从越前水母来源的菌属中分离得到。     

一株分离自黑果枸杞的内生真菌米曲霉代谢产物（英文）

从黑果枸杞内生真菌米曲霉RER4的发酵物中分离出9个化合物,通过波谱技术分别鉴定为麦角甾醇(1)、5-羟基-苯并呋喃-2(3H)-酮(2)、2,5-二羟基苯乙酸甲酯(3)、5-羟甲基呋喃-3-甲酸(4)、pyranonigrins A(5)、campyrones A(6)、4-乙酰氨基丁酸(7)、rubrofusarin B(8)以及asperpyrones A(9),其中化合物2~9为首次从米曲霉发酵物中分离出。抗氧化活性测试表明:化合物2和3对DPPH自由基抑制率的IC50值分别为4.58和7.00μg/m L。这些化合物对四株细菌(大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌)和四株植物病原真菌(尖孢镰刀菌、小麦赤霉病菌、苹果树腐烂病菌、番茄灰霉病菌)的生长表现出不同程度的抑制作用。     

西澳粘滑菇的化学成分研究

利用各种常规色谱分离技术从西澳粘滑菇(Hebeloma westraliense)发酵液中分离得到5个化合物,经波谱学分析鉴定为Volemolide(1)、过氧化麦角甾醇(2)、对羟基苯甲酸(3),对甲氧基苯乙酸(4)和对羟基苯乙醇(5)。其中化合物1是一个七降麦角甾醇类物质,系首次从丝膜菌科真菌中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.