首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
通过显微注射方法得到了一批转大麻哈鱼生长激素基因的实验鲫鱼。斑点杂交和SouthernBlot杂交证实部分实验鱼的基因组中已整合了外源生长激素基因,并有一尾鱼有比较明显的生长速度快的特征。  相似文献   

2.
王瑛  王燕 《动物学报》1996,42(2):189-196
以λ噬菌体EMBL-3为基因载体,构建大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)基因组文库,并从中分离出含全长的生长激素(csGH)基因的克隆。本研究首次报道了对csGH全长核苷酸序列分析的结果。发现csGH基因由6个外显子和5个内含子组成,长度为3361碱基对(bp)。由该序列可推导出含210个氨基酸的多肽,其中存在22个疏水氨基酸残基的信号肽。本研究所分析的csGH的外显子和内含子,其排列方式与其他鲑类(Salmonids)和罗非鱼(Tilapia)是相似的,而与鲤科鱼类(Carps)不同,后者外显子和内含子的排列方式与哺乳类和鸟类相似。将所测定的 csGH基因的编码区与已发表的 csGHⅡ和csGH Ⅱ两种 cDNA序列进行比较,证明本研究所克隆的 csGH基因应属于 csGH Ⅱ,因它们的编码序列 100%同源。  相似文献   

3.
生态安全性是转基因鱼走向市场的瓶颈,通过转基因四倍体鱼同转基因二倍体鱼杂交获得不育的转基因三倍体鱼是解决该问题的有效途径之一.本研究构建了青鱼β-actin基因启动子和青鱼生长激素(GH)基因精确连接的"全鱼"基因pbcAbcGHc;并采用显微注射法将pbcAbcGHc导入异源四倍体鲫鲤受精卵.对照养殖结果表明,150日龄的转基因异源四倍体鲫鲤原代(P0)的体重及体长明显大于对照组.选择60尾P0代转基因异源四倍体鲫鲤,采用PCR方法检测出外源青鱼GH基因在P0代转基因四倍体尾鳍基因组DNA中的整合率为90%;对20尾雄性P0代转基因四倍体精液样本的PCR检测发现,13个样本具有外源青鱼GH基因的整合.在一尾生长速度显著的P0代转基因四倍体鲫鲤的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和卵巢组织中可检测到外源青鱼GH基因的转录.本研究成功获得了具有明显生长优势的P0代转青鱼GH基因异源四倍体鲫鲤,为建立转青鱼GH基因异源四倍体鲫鲤纯系和研制不育的转基因三倍体鱼奠定了基础.  相似文献   

4.
Liu CL  Chang YM  Liang LQ  Xu LH  Liu JL  Chi BJ  Wu XG 《应用生态学报》2011,22(7):1893-1899
随机选取二龄转大麻哈鱼生长激素基因鲤和对照鲤各30尾,运用相关分析和通径分析的方法研究全长、体长、体高、尾柄高、尾柄长、头长、吻长、眼径、眼间距、体厚10个表型性状对体质量的影响程度,以此确定影响二龄转基因鲤和对照鲤体质量的主要表型参数.相关分析结果表明:转基因鲤和对照鲤的大部分表型性状与体质量间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01).通径分析结果显示:体长和体高可以作为预测转基因鲤体质量的主要表型参数,转基因鲤体长对体质量的通径系数为0.572,体高对体质量的通径系数为0.415,体长和体高直接决定体质量;而体厚和头长可以作为预测对照鲤体质量的主要表型参数,对照鲤体厚对体质量的通径系数为0.610,头长对体质量的通径系数为0.377,体厚和头长对体质量具有决定作用.  相似文献   

5.
使用PCR、RT-PCR和RACE方法分离克隆了建鲤基因组内的4个jlGHRs基因,同源性分析和系统树表明它们两两分属于鱼类GHR1和GHR2,命名为jlGHR1a、jlGHR1b;jlGHR2a、jlGHR2b。jlGHR1s和jlGHR2s的两个旁系同源基因间氨基酸差异分别为5%和11%,但功能保守区FGVFS基序、Box1、Box2基本一致,jlGHR1s和jlGHR2s氨基酸差异为41%。jlGHRs和斑马鱼GHRs基因结构相同,在阅读框内存在7个内含子,两旁系同源基因间内含子长度或序列存在差异。jlGHR1s、jlGHR2s与不同鱼类GHR1、GHR2同源性高低与传统分类地位一致。实验过程中发现建鲤肝脏存在jlGHRs的多种转录子,包括丢失了外显子4的jlGHR1b’、保留了内含子3的jlGHR2a’、丢失了部分外显子8的jlGHR2as。实时定量RT-PCR组织表达结果显示4个jlGHRs在脑、肝、心、头肾、肾、肠、脾、肌肉各组织中均有表达,但表达量差异明显,其中肌肉组织中4个基因表达量均最高,脑中4个基因的表达水平相当,其余各组织中jlGHR2b的表达量均最高。从多转录子和较低表达量推测jlGHR2a所受的选择压力低于jlGHR2b。鲤鱼基因组内分离到GHR1、GHR2的两个旁系同源基因在功能基因方面证实了鲤鱼体内存在两套基因,表明鲤鱼是研究同源基因变异分化的好材料,也为今后正确查找jlGHRs基因上的SNP位点奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
鲤鱼生长激素基因在鲫鱼中的基因转移及PCR检测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
鲫鱼群体内,个体之间的生长速度差别不大,遗传保守性较强,用常规育种方法很难获得生长速度快、个体差异较大的后代。通过基因转移技术,将外源基因如鱼的生长激素基因导入鱼的受精卵中,而获得转基因鱼是钱定向育种的一条有效途径。已有报道,在虹鳟鱼生长激素cDNA上游连结一个病毒启动子构建成表达质粒,由此获得的转基因鲤鱼比对照生长速度快20%。但是未见有将鲤鱼生长激素基因导入鲫鱼受精卵的报导。我们克隆了鲤鱼生长激素基因,并用它构建了含有病毒启动子(F.1,插入0.8Kb,位于XbaI和PstI之间)的表达质粒(Fig.2,命名为pCMV-TK-CGH)。用该质粒对鲫鱼受精卵进行注射,注射了1000粒卵,获得了转基因实验鲫鱼480尾。孵化率为48%。将其中100尾幼鱼于水簇箱中进行放养。选择其中个体较大的50尾进行PCR检测。其中8条鱼的基因组DNA有0.6Kb的PCR扩增产物(Fig.3),表明其上整合有外源的鲤鱼生长激素基因,其整合率为16%。其中最大的一条体重4.2g,体和6cm,比对照(0.7g,4cm)体重增加5倍,体长增加2cm(Fig.4)。我们构建的是高效表达质粒,其上含有巨细胞病毒增强子和人单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶启动子(属强启动子),对鲤鱼生长激素基因有较强的启动作用。鲤鱼和鲫鱼在分类上属同科不同属,考虑到两者生长激素基因有较强的启动作用。鲤鱼和鲫鱼在分类上属同科不同属,考虑到两者生长激素基因的同源性,对转基因鲫鱼的PCR检测参照了加拿大学者Du所用引物的设计、使注射的外源基因与其本身的内源生长激素基因相区别。我们的转基因整合率(16%)与Zhang(10%)、Grass和Hackett等报道的接近。转基因鲫鱼生长速度增加的倍数(5倍)与Du等人的结果(2-6)接近。但是,这一生长速度快的优势能否遗传给后代,有待进一步观察。  相似文献   

7.
转抗虫基因植物生态安全性研究进展   总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27  
转抗虫基因植物如Bt棉花等已在美国、中国和澳大利亚等国家大规模商业化种植 ,有关转抗虫基因植物潜在的生态风险已引起广泛的关注。该文综述了转抗虫基因植物研究应用现状与安全性研究进展。主要内容包括 :转抗虫基因植物的种类及其对靶标害虫的抗性 ,对非靶标害虫和天敌发生的影响 ,对农田生态系统生物多样性的影响 ,靶标昆虫的抗性治理及转抗虫基因植物的基因漂移等  相似文献   

8.
自首例快速生长转基因鱼在我围诞生以来[1],世界上很多试验室相继开展了转基因鱼研究,以期获得快速生长[2,3]、抗逆[4,5]的养殖新品系.与传统的杂交选育方法相比,转基因育种方法摆脱了物种间遗传壁垒的桎梏,基于对目的基因功能的认识和把握,定向培育优良养殖品种,大幅缩短育种周期.  相似文献   

9.
转Bt基因玉米的生态安全性研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
随着转基因作物的应用和推广 ,转 Bt基因作物释放后对生态环境及其它方面产生的潜在影响越来越受到重视。分别从生物活性杀虫晶体蛋白在土壤中的残留特性、杀虫晶体蛋白对土壤中非目标生物的影响、转 Bt基因玉米植株体成分的变化、转Bt基因玉米花粉中杀虫晶体蛋白的表达特性及其在田间和马力筋叶片上的散积状况、花粉中表达的杀虫晶体蛋白对君主斑蝶的毒性、君主斑蝶幼虫暴露在 Bt花粉中的概率及综合风险评价估算等方面对转 Bt基因玉米产生的杀虫晶体蛋白与土壤生态环境的相互作用、花粉对非目标生物影响的研究现状进行了综述。通过对转 Bt基因作物生态安全性的科学评价和广泛宣传 ,以确保生物技术的健康发展。  相似文献   

10.
自1982年Palmiter[1]等人给小鼠受精卵雄原核注射大鼠生长激素基因培养成功“超级”鼠以来,由于人们认识到转基因技术导致动植物品种定向改良以及利用转基因动物作为生物反应器,大量合成和分泌贵重而安全的基因工程产品,因此转基因动物技术得到了迅速发展,相继开展了兔、鱼、猪、鸡、牛、羊等动物的转基因研究,并取得了一定的结果[2,3,4]。但是在上述具有经济价值的高等脊椎动物中从事转基因研究,成本高、操作困难,而金鱼属于低等脊椎动物.具有产卵多、易获得同步卵、可控制体外受精和体外发育等特点,因而成为转基因动物研究的方便材料。生长激素是动物脑下垂体前叶分泌的单链多肽⑸,生理功能是促进碳水化合物代谢及核酸、蛋白质合成,整体效应表现为动物生长。本文以金鱼为实验材料,探讨猪生长激素基因导入其受精卵后整合、表达以及生物效应等问题,为进一步研究外源基因在高等动物内整合和表达调控机理提供参考。  相似文献   

11.
C. Fu  §  D. Li  §  W. Hu  §  Y. Wang  § Z. Zhu  §† 《Journal of fish biology》2007,71(SB):174-185
Compensatory growth is a phase of accelerated growth apparent when favourable conditions are restored after a period of growth depression. To investigate if F2 common 'all-fish' growth hormone gene transgenic common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) could mount compensatory growth, a 9 week study at 29° C was performed. The control group was fed to satiation twice a day throughout the experiment. The other two groups were deprived of feed for 1 or 2 weeks, respectively, and then fed to satiation during the re-feeding period. At the end of the experiment, the live masses of fish in the deprived groups were still significantly lower than those of the controls. During the re-feeding period, size-adjusted mean specific growth rates and mean feed intakes were significantly higher in the deprived fish than in the controls, indicating a partial compensatory growth response in these fish. No significant differences were found in food conversion efficiency between the deprived and control fish during re-feeding, suggesting that hyperphagia was the mechanism responsible for increased growth rates. The proximate composition of the deprived fish at the end of the experiment was similar to that of the control fish. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to report that fast-growing transgenic fish can achieve partial compensation of growth following starvation.  相似文献   

12.
    
C. Fu    D. Li    W. Hu    Y. Wang  † Z. Zhu   《Journal of fish biology》2007,70(2):347-361
The growth and energy budget for F2‘all‐fish’ growth hormone gene transgenic common carp Cyprinus carpio of two body sizes were investigated at 29·2° C for 21 days. Specific growth rate, feed intake, feed efficiency, digestibility coefficients of dry matter and protein, gross energy intake (IE), and the proportion of IE utilized for heat production (HE) were significantly higher in the transgenics than in the controls. The proportion of IE directed to waste products [faecal energy (FE) and excretory energy loss (ZE+UE) where ZE is through the gills and UE through the kidney], and the proportion of metabolizable energy (ME) for recovered energy (RE) were significantly lower in the transgenics than in the controls. The average energy budget equation of transgenic fish was as follows: 100 IE= 19·3 FE+ 6·0 (ZE+UE) + 45·2 HE+ 29·5 RE or 100 ME= 60·5 HE+ 39·5 RE. The average energy budget equation of the controls was: 100 IE= 25·2 FE+ 7·4 (ZE+UE) + 35·5 HE+ 31·9 RE or 100 ME= 52·7 HE+ 47·3 RE. These findings indicate that the high growth rate of ‘all‐fish’ transgenic common carp relative to their non‐transgenic counterparts was due to their increased feed intake, reduced lose of waste productions and improved feed efficiency. The benefit of the increased energy intake by transgenic fish, however, was diminished by their increased metabolism.  相似文献   

13.
肠溶微囊式重组鲤生长激素促生长剂的研制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用草鱼生长激素夹心式酶联免疫吸附测定法和酶联免疫吸附受体测定法,研制肠溶微囊式重组鲤生长激素(rcGH)促生长剂,结果表明,肠溶树脂Ⅰ和Ⅱ溶解的pH阈值分别为6.0和6.6,当大于阈值时,肠溶微囊Ⅰ和Ⅱ内rcGH的释放率随pH值升高和时间延长而逐渐升高,直至rcGH完全释放,投喂胡子鲶(Clarias batra-chus)含肠溶微囊Ⅰ(内含rcGH0后,血清rcGH水平15h后开始升高,24h时达最大值,随后呈下降趋势,48h后血清中检测不到rcGH;而投喂含rcGH的药饵(1mgrcGH/g饵料),6-60h在胡子鲶血清中均未检测到rcGH。说明肠溶微囊Ⅰ对rcGH起一定保护作用,肠溶微囊Ⅰ和Ⅱ具有抗酸肠溶胶囊的特点和作用。  相似文献   

14.
    
S. Zhong    Y.-P. Wang    D.-S. Pei    D.-J. Luo    L.-J. Liao    Z.-Y. Zhu 《Journal of fish biology》2009,75(5):1092-1100
It has been demonstrated that growth hormone (GH) transgenic fish often posses a trait for fast growth. Here, we investigated the growth of F4'all-fish' GH transgenic carp Cyprinus carpio and their serum GH levels for a year. The results showed that F4 all-fish GH transgenic carp were significantly larger in body mass ( c . two-fold, P < 0·001) and body length ( c . 1·3 fold, P < 0·001), compared with the non-transgenic group. The discrepancy of serum GH levels between the transgenic carp group and control group is 54 fold, when the water temperature was 12–34° C. When the water temperature decreased to 3·5° C in January, the discrepancy was 256 fold. The serum GH level of the transgenic group was relatively constant, while that of control varied greatly based on month and water temperature. The changes of growth rates between the transgenic group and the control group were similar for a year. Taken together, the results indicated that F4 all-fish GH transgenic carp had not only higher and constant serum GH levels but also a significant fast-growing effect, compared with the control. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a one-year investigation of growth trait and serum growth hormone level in F4 all-fish GH transgenic carp.  相似文献   

15.
    
The aim of the present study was to purify the common native carp growth hormone (ncGH), produce monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to common native carp growth hormone (ncGH), and further enhance the sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for ncGH. Additionally, we investigated changes in serum ncGH levels in carps raised in different environmental conditions. The recombinant grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) growth hormone was purified and used as antigen to immunize the rabbit. The natural ncGH was isolated from the pituitaries of common carp. SDS-PAGE and Western blot utilizing the polyclonal anti-rgcGH antibody confirmed the purification of ncGH from pituitaries. Purified ncGH was then used as an immunogen in the B lymphocyte hybridoma technique. A total of 14 hybridoma cell lines (FMU-cGH 1-14) were established that were able to stably secrete mAbs against ncGH. Among them, eight clones (FMU-cGH1-6, 12 and 13) were successfully used for Western blot while nine clones (FMU-cGH 1-7, 9 and 10) were used in fluorescent staining and immunohistochemistry. Epitope mapping by competitive ELISA demonstrated that these mAbs recognized five different epitopes. A sensitive sandwich ELISA for detection of ncGH was developed using FMU-cGH12 as the coating mAb and FMU-cGH6 as the enzyme labeled mAb. This detection system was found to be highly stable and sensitive, with detection levels of 70 pg/mL. Additionally, we found that serum ncGH levels in restricted food group and in the net cage group increased 6.9-and 5.8-fold, respectively, when compared to controls, demonstrating differences in the GH stress response in common carp under different living conditions.  相似文献   

16.
草鱼生长激素基因在毕赤酵母中的表达   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
将草鱼生长激素基因(cGH)的cDNA亚克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,经电击转化导入毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株,获得转化子。菌落PCR技术筛选证实cGH已经整合到了酵母染色体上。对重组酵母进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western印迹分析,结果表明cGH的毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株中获得了高效表达。  相似文献   

17.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the pivotal signal molecular of hypothalamic-pituitary- gonad (HPG) axis, plays a crucial role in gonadal de-velopment and maintenance of reproduction function of vertebrates by stimulating the anterior pituitary re-leasing gonadotropin (GtH). Mammal GnRH (mGn- RH) was firstly identified from porcine and ovine in the 1970s[1,2], which was originally named luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, viz LHRH. To date, 16 GnRH variants have been characte…  相似文献   

18.
19.
构建由青鱼β-actin基因启动子和青鱼生长激素(GH)基因精确拼接的"全鱼"基因pbcAbcGHc,并采用显微注射法将pbcAbcGHc导入日本白鲫的受精卵中.对照养殖结果显示150日龄P0代转基因日本白鲫的平均体重是对照组1.37倍,平均体长是对照组1.07倍.选择30尾P0代转基因日本白鲫,PCR方法检测出外源青鱼GH基因在P0代转基因日本白鲫尾鳍基因组DNA中的整合率为90%;在一尾生长速度显著的转青鱼GH基因日本白鲫P0的肌肉、肝脏两种组织中可检测到外源青鱼GH基因的转录.P0代转青鱼GH基因日本白鲫P0的成功获得为建立转青鱼GH基因日本白鲫纯系奠定了基础.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号