国家自然科学基金委员会生物科学部生物化学与分子生物学、生物物理学与生物医学工程学两学科1988年度资助课题介绍

国家自然科学基金委员会生物科学部1988年度共受理一般课题申请3150项,申请金额17468.98万元;高技术新概念、新构思探索课题申请153项,申请金额2033.68万元;青年科学基金课题申请207项,申请金额881.82万元.其中属于生物化学与分于生物学及生物物理学与生物医学工程学两学科的一般课题申请367项,申请金额2214.71万元;高技术新     

翼龙带我"飞"巴黎

<正>那些觉得我胆子大的朋友,她们不知道其实我有多怕。为了能去见识四年一回世界级的古生物盛会,我必须和来自世界各国的学者交流我自己的研究成果。想象自己站在台上用英语娓娓道来,我就觉得申请口头报告一定是自己熬夜熬多     

2008年度国家自然科学基金委员会微生物学学科项目申请与资助情况分析

2008年度,国家自然科学基金项目申请实行了新的“申请代码”,使其能够体现科学基金不断适应变化了的基础研究状况,同时也体现基金资助项目更加侧重基础、更加侧重前沿的思想。本文对申请代码的修订、2008年度微生物学学科申请与资助项目情况进行了总结和分析,希望能为科研人员在2009年及今后申请国家自然科学基金项目时提供参考。     

国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部1998年度申请与资助项目情况介绍与分析

1998年度生命科学部共受理了来自全国696个单位8559项申请,其中面上项目7967项,高技术新概念新构思探索项目191项,高技术探索重点项目9项,重点项目222项,国家杰出青年科学基金项目A类123项、B类47项。面上项目申请占全委总数的42．49％。从全委的申请看,面上项目数比上一年下降3．90％,生命科学部下降的幅度为3．26％。近三年来,生物学、农学申请数量呈缓慢下降趋势,医学则呈上升趋势。下面就今年受理和资助情况做一些初步分析。11998年面上项目申请情况分析1．1申请项目数量、申请单位近三年来呈连年递减趋势,基础研究队伍正逐…     

2002年度国家自然科学基金生命科学领域面上项目申请与资助情况

面上项目是国家自然科学基金资助格局中很重要的部分;因其资助项目数多,涉及面广,历来受广大科技工作者关注。下面就生命科学部今年受理与资助面上项目的情况作一简要介绍。 2002年度生命科学部共受理701个单位12　723项申请,其中面上项目11 966项。申请项目数超过200项的单位有16个,比去年增加了4个,共申请了4 530项,占学部总申请项目的35.60％。超过300项的单位有9个,申请了3 069项,占学部总申请项目的24.12％。因此,建议各申请单位严把申报质量关,申报真正有创新性的项目,以提高评审效率。另外,一个人申请两个项目的人数也较往年明显增加,有1169人共申请了2 378项,此情况已引起大家的普遍关注。     

2010年度国家自然科学基金微生物学学科项目申请与资助情况分析

本文详细介绍了2010年度国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部微生物学学科的项目申请、受理和资助的情况,并对项目申请中的新情况、新特征进行了初步的分析,希望这些分析能够为今后科研人员的项目申请提供有用的参考。     

NSFC微生物学学科1998年受理与资助项目介绍及分析

国家自然科学基金委员会微生物学学科１９９８年共受理面上项目３２０项（包括自由申请２４４项,青年基金４１项,地区基金３５项）,重点项目申请２份,国家杰出青年科学基金申请Ａ类５人、Ｂ类３人;经评审批准资助面上项目５９项（自由申请４６项,青年基金７项,地区基金６项）,重点项目１项,国家杰出青年科学基金Ａ、Ｂ两类各１人。与往年相比,今年的申请又有一些可喜的变化。值得说明的是,杰出青年基金Ａ类申请只有华中农业大学周秀芬教授一人获得资助,尚有取得突出成绩的申请人未能得到该项基金的支持。１　结果分析１９９８年…     

2016年度国家自然科学基金微生物学学科项目申请与资助概况分析

摘要:本文介绍了2016年度国家自然科学基金微生物学学科项目申请、受理和资助概况,分析了各分支学科和各项目类别申请的特点和存在的问题,并对今后微生物学学科资助方向进行了展望,希望能够为本学科科研人员今后的项目申请提供有益参考。     

1999年度国家自然科学基金植物学学科受理与资助项目分析

1999年度国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部植物学学科共受理面上项目(含自由申请、青年基金和地区基金)288项,资助57项;重点项目申请6项,资助2项(其中一项为两份申请合并);国家杰出青年科学基金及海外(含港、澳)青年学者合作研究基金13项,资助2项(表1)。就面上项目而言,申请数     

2009-2018年度国家自然科学基金医学病原微生物与感染领域细菌相关项目申请与资助情况分析

本文对2009—2018年度国家自然科学基金医学病原微生物与感染领域细菌相关项目申请与资助情况进行回顾和分析,介绍面上项目、青年科学基金和地区科学基金的申请数量、资助项目数量及资助率,并对申请代码、依托单位情况进行总结,进一步探讨医学病原微生物与感染领域细菌相关项目的特点及存在的问题。     

整体论指导下的《毛皮学》课程建设

以整体论作为方法论,把握联系、辩证的观点,揭示表像与本质的内在联系,指导毛皮学研究、《毛皮学》教材建设和教学内容改革。依托开创性的研究成果和在教学过程中的不断积累,经过10多年的实践探索,使《毛皮学》教学由传统的毛皮产品利用扩展到将毛皮科学应用于哺乳动物分类学、生态学、功能形态学等研究领域。初步奠定了毛皮作为动物外在的、便利通用的研究材料能够反映动物及其生存环境的理论与技术基础。     

与昆虫学相关的“973”计划项目简介

1997年6月4日,原国家科技领导小组第三次会议决定要制定和实施《国家重点基础研究发展规划》,随后科技部组织实施了国家重点基础研究发展计划,亦称"973"计划。制定和实施"973"计划是党中央、国务院为实施"科教兴国"和"可持续发展战略",加强基础研究和科技工作做出的重要决策,是提高科技持续创新能力的重要举措。文章简要介绍与昆虫学相关的8个"973"计划项目的研究概况,这8个项目分别是:农作物重大病虫害成灾机理及调控基础的研究、农业重要转基因生物安全研究、农林危险生物入侵机理与控制基础研究、农业微生物杀虫防病功能基因的发掘和分子机理研究、绿色化学农药先导结构及作用靶标的发现与研究、家蚕主要经济性状功能基因组与分子改良研究、农业生物多样性控制病虫害和保护种质资源的原理与方法、重大农业害虫猖獗危害的机制及可持续控制的研究。     

Three options for citation tracking: Google Scholar,Scopus and Web of Science

Background

Researchers turn to citation tracking to find the most influential articles for a particular topic and to see how often their own published papers are cited. For years researchers looking for this type of information had only one resource to consult: the Web of Science from Thomson Scientific. In 2004 two competitors emerged – Scopus from Elsevier and Google Scholar from Google. The research reported here uses citation analysis in an observational study examining these three databases; comparing citation counts for articles from two disciplines (oncology and condensed matter physics) and two years (1993 and 2003) to test the hypothesis that the different scholarly publication coverage provided by the three search tools will lead to different citation counts from each.

Methods

Eleven journal titles with varying impact factors were selected from each discipline (oncology and condensed matter physics) using the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). All articles published in the selected titles were retrieved for the years 1993 and 2003, and a stratified random sample of articles was chosen, resulting in four sets of articles. During the week of November 7–12, 2005, the citation counts for each research article were extracted from the three sources. The actual citing references for a subset of the articles published in 2003 were also gathered from each of the three sources.

Results

For oncology 1993 Web of Science returned the highest average number of citations, 45.3. Scopus returned the highest average number of citations (8.9) for oncology 2003. Web of Science returned the highest number of citations for condensed matter physics 1993 and 2003 (22.5 and 3.9 respectively). The data showed a significant difference in the mean citation rates between all pairs of resources except between Google Scholar and Scopus for condensed matter physics 2003. For articles published in 2003 Google Scholar returned the largest amount of unique citing material for oncology and Web of Science returned the most for condensed matter physics.

Conclusion

This study did not identify any one of these three resources as the answer to all citation tracking needs. Scopus showed strength in providing citing literature for current (2003) oncology articles, while Web of Science produced more citing material for 2003 and 1993 condensed matter physics, and 1993 oncology articles. All three tools returned some unique material. Our data indicate that the question of which tool provides the most complete set of citing literature may depend on the subject and publication year of a given article.

     

保护行为学: 正在兴起的保护生物学分支学科

过去的30年里, 人们利用动物行为的进化生物学方法来解决保护实践中遇到的问题, 行为学、行为生态学与保护生物学相结合, 产生了保护生物学的一个新分支学科--保护行为学。保护行为学的研究目的是: 从物种保护实践中发现环境对动物行为的影响以及行为的生态适应性, 并把动物行为学和行为生态学理论应用到物种保护实践中, 从而促进物种保护工作。目前全球有10%的物种濒临灭绝, 生物多样性保护日趋紧迫, 保护行为学的诞生为行为学和保护生物学研究带来了新的机遇, 也表明行为学家和保护生物学家正在担负起挽救濒危物种的使命。不久的将来, 保护行为学及其相关学科将更加繁荣。     

Letters in Peptide Science

Instructions for Authors

Letters in Peptide Science     

Science as a Way of Knowing--VII: A Conceptual Framework for Biology Part III

This essay completes Science as a Way of Knowing, an educationalproject of the American Society of Zoologists and eleven cosponsoringorganizations. It is also the third part of my attempt to producea "Conceptual Framework for Biology." The discussion of Evolutioncontinues and is followed by Classification, Ecology, GeographicDistribution, Biology and Human Welfare, and the Nature of Science.The intended audience is those who teach the first-year biologycourses in colleges and universities as well as biology teachersin the precollege grades.     

The Funding of Research in Social-Cultural Anthropology at the National Science Foundation

The National Science Foundation is the largest single source of finds for research targeted in cultural anthropology. The patterns of funding for "senior" research (post-Ph.D.) since 1956 are described and analyzed. Total dollars spent have increased, but the average grant size has decreased in recent years. The chances of getting funding are found not to be different if one is female or more senior, has resubmitted a previously declined proposal, or has a Ph.D. from an "elite" program. Smaller proposals and proposals from "elite" institutions have a slightly higher probability of getting funded. Differences in funding across research areas (geographical and substantive) are also discussed.     

Computed tomography in the Multidisciplinary Science and Technology Complex "Eye Microsurgery"

The paper is devoted to analysis of the results of CT in 1000 patients examined in the Multibranch Research and Technology Complex "Eye Microsurgery". The specific feature of CT in this institution is that 52% of all investigations of ophthalmological patients fall to the share of eyeball abnormality and 40%--to a study of the other parts of the organ of vision. CT indications are extended for low tension glaucoma, complicated high myopia, and for monitoring the position of microsurgical implants. The use of CT in such a highly specialized medical institution as the MRTC "Eye Microsurgery" is considered indispensable.     

Clinical ethics and nursing: "yes" to caring, but "no" to a female ethics of care

According to a contemporary school of thought there is a specific female approach to ethics which is based not on abstract "male" ethical principles or rules, but on "care". Nurses have taken a keen interest in these female approaches to ethics. Drawing on the views expounded by Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings, nurses claim that a female "ethics of care" better captures their moral experiences than a traditional male "ethics of justice". This paper argues that "care" is best understood in a dispositional sense, that is, as sensitivity and responsiveness to the particularities of a situation and the needs of "concrete" others. While "care", in this sense, is necessary for ethics, it is not sufficient. Ethics needs "justice" as well as "care". If women and nurses excessively devalue principles and norms, they will be left without the theoretical tools to condemn some actions or practices, and to defend others. They will, like generations of nurses before them, be condemned to silence.     

Kumho Science International Award in Plant molecular biology and biotechnology

Appointments and Awards

Kumho Science International Award in Plant molecular biology and biotechnology