漫话荠菜

漫话荠菜荠菜（Ｃａｐｓｅｌｌａｂｕｒｓａ—ｐａｓｔｏｒｉｓ）俗称护生草、鸡心菜、地地菜。它生长于路边、田野及庭院,在全国均有分布。江苏、安徽及上海郊区已有近百年的栽培历史,长江以北的广大地区极少栽培,而以野生的为主。荠菜属白花菜目、十字花科。其主要的...     

贵州苦丁茶植物资源及化学成分分析

苦丁茶是我国南方各民族长期饮用的一类植物代用茶。在贵州,苦丁茶原植物有６科６属９种,主流品种为木樨科女贞属植物粗壮女贞〔Ｌｉｇｕｓｔｒｕｍｒｏｂｕｓｔｕｍ（Ｒｏｘｂ．）Ｂｌ．〕。分析了贵州５种苦丁茶植物叶的主要化学成分并和绿茶进行了对比,分析结果表明,苦丁茶类植物是一种营养成分含量丰富,不含咖啡因的营养保健的功能性饮料新资源     

药用民族植物学及其研究进展

药用民族植物学是研究传统医药或民间医药中植物药及其相关内容的一门由多学科组成的交叉学科。随着科学界对传统医药知识认识的不断加深 ,药用民族植物学已经受到了世界范围内的普遍关注。本文从传统医药的概念、引起科学界对传统医药知识产生兴趣的原因、民族传统药物的特点、药用民族植物学在发达国家和发展中国家的研究状况等方面对药用民族植物学的研究进展作了综合评述。     

崖姜蕨的引种与繁殖技术研究

崖姜蕨Ｐｓｅｕｃｈｏｄｒｙｎａｒｉａ ｃｏｒｏｎａｎｓ（Ｗａｌｌ．）Ｃｈｉｎｇ．是一种药用、观赏兼备的珍稀蕨类植物。本文报道该种植物引种和繁殖技术,以便为合理开发与保护这一珍贵资源提供科学资料。     

药用民族植物学及其研究进展

药用民族植物学是研究传统医药或民间医药中植物药及其相关内容的一门由多学科组成的交叉学科。随着科学界对传统医药知识认识的不断加深,药用民族植物学已经受到了世界范围内的普遍关注。本文从传统医药的概念、引起科学界对传统医药知识产生兴趣的原因、民族传统药物的特点、药用民族植物学在发达国家和发展中国家的研究状况等方面对药用民族植物学的研究进展作了综合评述。     

淡竹叶与竹叶的原植物研究与商品鉴定

古代所用的中药淡竹叶与现在的不同,其属于竹叶的一种。本文考证认为古代的淡竹叶为刚竹属植物淡竹Ｐｈｙｌｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓｎｉｇｒａ（Ｌｏｄｄ．）Ｍｕｎｒｏｖａｒ．ｈｅｎｏｎｉｓ（Ｍｉｔｆ．）ＳｔａｐｆｅｘＲｅｎｄｌｅｒ的叶;堇竹叶可能为刚竹ＰｈｙｌｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓｂａｍｂｕｓｏｉｄｅｓＳｉｅｂ．ｅｔＺｕｃ．的叶;苦竹叶可能包括现今苦竹Ｐｌｅｏｂｌａｓｔｕｓａｍａｒｕｓ（Ｋｅｎｇ）Ｋｅｎｇｆ．及刚竹属笋味苦的一些种类的叶。对收集的２种淡竹叶及４种竹叶类商品药材性状进行了鉴定,并给出了检索表。中国是世界上竹类资源种类最多,资源面积最大的国家,开发药用竹类资源对充分利用竹类森林资源,振兴广大贫困山区经济意义重大。     

松乳菇的研究与开发

松乳菇 (Ｌａｃｌａｒｉｕｓｄｅｌｉｃｉｏｓｕｓ) ,又名美味松乳菇 ,雁鹅菌 ,松杉菌 ,松菌 ,茶花菌 ,系红乳菇科(Ｒｕｓｓｎｌａｃｅａｅ) ,乳菇属 (Ｌａｃｔａｒｉｕｓ)真菌。其肉质细嫩 ,味道鲜美独特 ,营养丰富 ,不仅可食用 ,也可药用。在湖南等地被视为山中珍品 ,市场上十分走俏。松乳菇与松口磨、美味牛肝菌等菌一样 ,都属于菌根菌 ,与松、杉、柏等树种形成菌根菌。这类菌与植物共生 ,有特殊的生态条件、营养方式和子实体分化发育条件 ,对它的研究与驯化有很大难度。因此 ,目前尚不能人工栽培 ,市场供应全依赖于野生采集 ,由于市场紧…     

蒺藜中氨基酸的含量测定

蒺藜（ＴｒｉｂｕｌｕｓｓＴｅｒｒｅｓｔｒｉｓＬ．）为蒺藜科一年生草本植物。又名刺蒺藜、硬蒺藜,在《本草纲目》中列为上品,广布我国各地。药用部位以蒺藜子为主,根、茎、叶、花亦供药用,主治冠心病,高血压等疾病,并具有明显的止咳、祛痰、平喘作用,实验证明,蒺藜皂甙具有抗心肌缺血、抑制血小板凝聚,促进性腺激素样作用及抗衰老作用［１,２］。印度、保加利亚、苏联等国家对蒺藜中所含生物碱、甾醇、黄酮类化合物做了研究,但国内对其它化学成分的研究未见报道。本文对蒺藜叶、子、仁的游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸进行了分析测定。     

西双版纳茶园中常见野菜

西双版纳州现有茶园 2 9万多亩 ,据云南省茶科所调查 ,茶园中有杂草 70余种 ,其中一些是居住在当地的傣、哈尼、布朗、基诺、拉祜、瓦、苗、瑶等各民族人民群众重要的佐餐野菜。随着人们生活水平的提高 ,受环境污染少、营养价值高、具有医疗保健作用的野菜正日益受到人们的青睐 ,近年来 ,进餐馆吃野菜已成为人们来西双版纳旅游的一项重要内容。据我们多年调查观察 ,发现西双版纳茶园中常见的野菜有 12种 ,现简要介绍如下 :1.荠菜 (Ｃａｐｓｅｌｌａｂｕｒｓａｐａｓｔｏｒｉｓ(Ｌ)Ｍｅｄｉｃ .)为一年或越年生草本 ,在茶园中多有分布。以其…     

薇菜干的营养品质分析

薇菜干的营养品质分析王谋强,励启腾（贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳５５０００６）关键词薇菜干;紫萁;营养品质ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｎｔｈｅｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｑｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆｄｒｉｅｄｙｏｕｎｇｆｒｏｎｄｏｆＯｓｍｕｎｄａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａＴｈｕｎｂ．￥Ｗ...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.