抗VacA+CagA+幽门螺杆菌IgY的抗感染作用研究*

为研究抗VacA⁺CagA⁺幽门螺杆菌(Hp)IgY的抗感染作用,以VacA⁺CagA+Hp为抗原免疫蛋鸡,聚乙二醇法和水稀释法从鸡卵黄中提取抗-VacA⁺CagA⁺Hp-IgY,酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定IgY抗体效价。建立胃腔感染VacA⁺CagAHp的昆明系小鼠模型,观察抗-VacA⁺CagA⁺     

抗重组VacA IgY体内抗幽门螺杆菌感染的实验研究

目的在构建H.pylori的基因工程菌pQE30-v-DH5a的基础上,诱导表达VacA重组蛋白,以此为抗原,制备抗VacA的蛋黄抗体（VacA IgY）。通过小鼠口服试验,证实VacA IgY治疗H.pylori感染的作用,为进一步制备抗H．pylori感染的IgY制剂提供实验依据。方法用重组H.pylori VacA蛋白免疫母鸡,水稀释结合氯仿有机沉淀法提取IgY,ELISA法测定其针对VacA的效价。建立H.pylori感染的Balb／c小鼠动物模型,治疗组在小鼠灌喂菌液后灌喂不同剂量的VacA IgY。以H.pylori培养和病理切片观察胃黏膜H.pylori定植和炎症反应程度。结果制备了高效价的IgY（1：12800）。动物实验阳性对照组H.pylori的总感染率为70．4％,12周后的感染率为88．9％。治疗组的感染率与同期阳性对照组相似,胃黏膜的炎症反应程度比阳性对照组弱,随IgY剂量的增加,炎症减弱明显,IgY剂量为4mg／ml时,能达到较理想的治疗效果。结论成功制备了高效价的特异性VacA IgV,小鼠体内实验证实了口服VacA IgY具有治疗H.pylori感染的作用,可用于制备口服制剂。     

硫糖铝对幽门螺杆菌VacA IgY的保护作用的动物实验评价

目的评价硫糖铝在胃内对H.pyloriVacA IgY型抗体的保护作用,为制备H.pyloriVacA IgY型抗体口服剂提供实验依据。方法大量诱导工程菌DH5α-vacA-pQE30,表达并纯化重组蛋白VacA。以VacA为抗原接种洛曼母鸡,制备纯化的IgY。建立H.pylori感染的小鼠模型,在不同浓度的IgY液中分别加入30%硫糖铝,灌胃后观察胃黏膜慢性炎症反应以评价硫糖铝在胃内对VacA IgY的保护作用。结果在小鼠胃内,0.5mg IgY+30%硫糖铝/天灌胃小鼠即可有效防治H.pylori感染引起的胃黏膜损害,与不加硫糖铝比较,其效果提高了8倍。结论 30%以上的硫糖铝在小鼠胃内可增强VacA IgY对低pH和胃蛋白酶的耐受能力,是较理想的抗H.pyloriVacA IgY型抗体保护剂。     

重组酿酒酵母表达幽门螺杆菌VacA蛋白及其免疫原性分析*

目的:利用酿酒酵母表面展示技术筛选幽门螺杆菌候选疫苗,并分析其免疫原性。方法:以幽门螺杆菌的空泡型细胞毒素A(vacA)基因作为研究对象,构建重组S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD1-VacA,通过Western blot、免疫荧光标记和流式细胞仪对S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD1-VacA进行体外表达分析。以PBS和S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD1为对照组,S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD1-VacA为实验组,口服免疫SPF级BALB/c小鼠。通过ELISA分析检测口服免疫后小鼠抗VacA特异性IgG及分泌型IgA效价。结果:VacA抗原蛋白被成功地展示在S.cerevisiae EBY100表面。小鼠经口服免疫S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD1-VacA后可诱导产生较高的VacA特异性抗体。结论:表面展示型酿酒酵母可以作为幽门螺杆菌候选疫苗的递送载体,与此同时,这也为开发其他细菌或病毒疫苗提供新思路。     

幽门螺杆菌VacA和CagA的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染呈全球性分布,多数地区感染达50%,细胞空泡毒素(VacA)及细胞毒相关蛋白(CagA)在Hp致病过程中起重要作用.不同Hp菌株的VacA和CagA存在基因型和表型的差异.研究Hp的vacA和cagA基因及其产物对于进一步阐明与临床的关系、Hp感染疾病的防治都有十分重要的意义.     

抗蝰蛇毒IgY灌胃对蝰蛇伤小鼠保护作用的研究

目的 探讨抗蝰蛇蛇毒鸡卵黄抗体(immunoglobulin yolk,IgY)经腹腔注射或灌胃对蝰蛇伤小鼠保护作用,为其口服制剂的应用奠定理论基础.方法 用蝰蛇原毒单一抗原免疫母鸡,收集第12天以后的鸡蛋,用水稀释法提取抗蝰蛇毒IgY;间接法ELISA检测IgY的效价和灌胃小鼠体内IgY的吸收时间;以胃排空率实验确定蛇伤前灌胃IgY的最佳时间,以腹腔注射和不同浓度IgY灌胃实验分别检验IgY对蝰蛇伤小鼠的保护作用.结果 初次免疫后第12天开始收集抗体,水稀释法提取的IgY效价为1∶6400;不同浓度IgY灌胃后,2.5～3.5 h胃排空率均达61.8%以上,血浆中抗体效价亦相应达高峰;腹腔注射和IgY灌胃实验对蛇伤小鼠的保护作用明显,小鼠的存活时间与阴性IgY组小鼠相比差异显著(P＜0.05);同等效应下,灌胃IgY的有效剂量大约为腹腔注射的10～15倍.结论 抗蝰蛇蛇毒IgY经腹腔注射和灌胃实验均能有效保护蝰蛇伤小鼠.     

特异性卵黄抗体(IgY)对小鼠内毒素血症的保护作用

目的:研究特异性卵黄抗体(Egg yolk immunoglobulin,IgY)对小鼠内毒素血症的保护作用.方法:以灭活的E.coli O111免疫产蛋母鸡制备特异性IgY抗体.ELISA法检测对E-coli O111及内毒素(Lipopolysaecharide,LPS)的结合活性.腹腔注射LPS(2mg/m1),0.1 ml/10g体重,建立小鼠内毒素血症模型.小鼠随机分为5组,分别给药保护:空白组(生理盐水)、阴性对照组(非特异性IgY,20mg/ml)、阳性对照组(头孢哌酮钠,20mg/ml)、高剂量组(特异性IgY,40mg/m1),低剂量组(特异性IgY,20mg/ml).给药剂量为:攻毒前,0.15 ml/l0 g体重,24 h一次,共两次;攻毒后,0.25 ml/10 g体重,24 h一次,共7次.观察小鼠一般情况,体重变化,外周血中白细胞(WBC)和血小板(PLT)数的变化及各组小鼠的死亡率.结果:特异性IgY与E.coli O111及LPS均有体外结合活性.LPS感染后,各组小鼠外周血中WBC和PLl均有不同程度的下降,体重下降.特异性抗体保护组各指标较快恢复到正常水平,其他组恢复缓慢.各组小鼠七天内死亡率分别为:空白组,100%;阴性对照组,85%;阳性对照组,30%;低济量组,30%;高剂量组,0%.结论:特异性IgY对内毒素血症小鼠有保护作用.     

艰难梭菌特异性鸡卵黄抗体的研制及初步应用

目的制备艰难梭菌菌体特异性鸡卵黄抗体,探讨其对艰难梭菌感染小鼠的治疗作用。方法建立艰难梭菌相关腹泻(CDAD)小鼠模型,将30只CDAD小鼠随机分为5组,每组6只,以11.86mg/mL、1.186mg/mL、0.1186mg/mL艰难梭菌菌体特异性IgY灌胃,设立空白对照组及阴性对照组,1d/次,0.5mL/只,连续3d。末次治疗24h后处死小鼠,取盲肠组织中段制作病理切片;其余盲肠组织进行DAO、D-乳酸和TNF-α含量测定;测定回肠组织含水率。结果阴性对照组和空白对照组小鼠盲肠黏膜脱落伴大量炎细胞浸润;高IgY组小鼠盲肠黏膜完整,未见炎性细胞浸润;中IgY组小鼠盲肠黏膜少量炎细胞浸润;低IgY组小鼠盲肠黏膜上皮细胞脱落,少量炎细胞浸润。高IgY组小鼠盲肠DAO含量均显著高于空白对照组和阴性对照组(P0.01);中IgY组小鼠DAO含量高于阴性对照组(P0.05);中、高IgY组小鼠TNF-α含量均低于低IgY组、空白对照组和阴性对照组(P0.05)。结论艰难梭菌菌体特异性IgY对艰难梭菌感染小鼠具有治疗作用。     

特异性卵黄抗体(IgY)对小鼠大肠杆菌败血症的保护作用

目的:研究特异性IgY对小鼠大肠杆菌败血症的保护作用.方法:以灭活的E.coli O111免疫产蛋母鸡,抗体经水稀释及盐析分离纯化.ELISA法检测大肠杆菌特异性IgY对大肠杆菌及LPS的结合活性.腹腔注射E.coli O111(1011cfu/mL)建立小鼠败血症模型,攻毒剂量为0.1mL/10g体重.小鼠随机分为5组,分别给药保护:空白组(生理盐水)、阴性对照组(非特异性IgY,20mg/mL)、阳性对照组(头孢哌酮20mg/mL)、高剂量组(特异性IgY,40mg/mL),低剂量组(特异性IgY,20mg/mL).给药剂量为:攻毒前,0.15mL/10g体重,每天一次,共两天;攻毒后,0.25mL/10g体重,每天一次,共七天.观察小鼠临床表现、体重变化、白细胞(WBC)和血小板(PLT)数变化及各组小鼠的死亡率.结果:特异性IgY与E.coli O111和LPS均有体外结合活性.大肠杆菌攻毒后,小鼠体重下降,各组小鼠外周血中WBC和PLT数均有不同程度的下降.特异性IgY保护组各项指标较快恢复到正常水平,其他组恢复缓慢.各组小鼠七天内的死亡率分别为:空白组与阴性对照组都为100%;阳性对照组60%;低剂量IgY组30%;高剂量IgY组10%.结论:特异性IgY对小鼠大肠杆菌败血症有保护作用.     

特异性鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）抗SARS-CoV作用的研究

制备了抗SARS CoVIgY ,探讨了该IgY中和SARS CoV的作用。灭活的SARS CoV免疫产蛋母鸡 ,水稀释法提取IgY。建立ELISA检测IgY结合SARS CoV的效价 ,采用病毒中和试验测定IgY的抗SARS CoV的作用。灭活SARS CoV免疫的母鸡可产生高效价的抗SARS CoVIgY ,该IgY中和SARS CoV的中和效价为 1∶5 12。因此 ,抗SARS CoVIgY可用于预防SARS CoV的感染及阻止SARS病毒的传播。     

The beta1 integrin activates JNK independent of CagA, and JNK activation is required for Helicobacter pylori CagA+-induced motility of gastric cancer cells

The Helicobacter pylori CagA protein is translocated into gastric epithelial cells through a type IV secretion system (TFSS), and published studies suggest CagA is critical for H. pylori-associated carcinogenesis. CagA is thought to be necessary and sufficient to induce the motogenic response observed in response to CagA+ strains, as CagA interacts with proteins involved in adhesion and motility. We report that H. pylori strain 60190 stimulated AGS cell motility through a CagA- and TFSS-dependent mechanism, because strains 60190DeltacagA or 60190DeltacagE (TFSS-defective) did not increase motility. The JNK pathway is critical for H. pylori-dependent cell motility, as inhibition using SP600125 (JNK1/2/3 inhibitor) or a JNK2/3-specific inhibitor blocked motility. JNK mediates H. pylori-induced cell motility by activating paxillin, because JNK inhibition blocked paxillinTyr-118 phosphorylation, and paxillin expression knockdown completely abrogated bacteria-induced motility. Furthermore, JNK and paxillinTyr-118 were activated by 60190DeltacagA but not 60190DeltacagE, demonstrating CagA-independent signaling critical for cell motility. A beta1 integrin-blocking antibody significantly inhibited JNK and paxillinTyr-118 phosphorylation and cell scattering, demonstrating that CagA-independent signaling required for cell motility occurs through beta1. The requirement of both Src and focal adhesion kinase for signaling and motility further suggests the importance of integrin signaling in H. pylori-induced cell motility. Finally, we show that JNK activation occurs independent of known upstream kinases and signaling molecules, including Nod1, Cdc42, Rac1, MKK4, and MKK7, which demonstrates novel signaling leading to JNK activation. We report for the first time that H. pylori mediates CagA-independent signaling that promotes cell motility through the beta1 integrin pathway.     

肝癌中幽门螺杆菌CagA+亚型菌株的感染

目的:探讨肝癌与H.pylori感染的相关性.方法:采用金标免疫斑点法和酶免疫检测法(EIA)分别检测33例肝癌患者及169例普通成人Hp-Ab和CagA-Hp-IgG抗体.结果:肝癌组Hp-Ab和CagA -Hp-IgG检出率分别为78.8%和45.5%,而普通成人组分别为55.0%和27.2%,经x2检验,P＜0.05,差异均有显著性.结论:肝癌患者由于整体免疫力低下,易受H.pylori感染.     

Attenuation of Helicobacter pylori CagA x SHP-2 signaling by interaction between CagA and C-terminal Src kinase

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a causative agent of gastric diseases ranging from gastritis to cancer. The CagA protein is the product of the cagA gene carried among virulent H. pylori strains and is associated with severe disease outcomes, most notably gastric carcinoma. CagA is injected from the attached H. pylori into gastric epithelial cells and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation. The phosphorylated CagA binds and activates SHP-2 phosphatase and thereby induces a growth factor-like morphological change termed the "hummingbird phenotype." In this work, we demonstrate that CagA is also capable of interacting with C-terminal Src kinase (Csk). As is the case with SHP-2, Csk selectively binds tyrosine-phosphorylated CagA via its SH2 domain. Upon complex formation, CagA stimulates Csk, which in turn inactivates the Src family of protein-tyrosine kinases. Because Src family kinases are responsible for CagA phosphorylation, an essential prerequisite of CagA.SHP-2 complex formation and subsequent induction of the hummingbird phenotype, our results indicate that CagA-Csk interaction down-regulates CagA.SHP-2 signaling by both competitively inhibiting CagA.SHP-2 complex formation and reducing levels of CagA phosphorylation. We further demonstrate that CagA.SHP-2 signaling eventually induces apoptosis in AGS cells. Our results thus indicate that CagA-Csk interaction prevents excess cell damage caused by deregulated activation of SHP-2. Attenuation of CagA activity by Csk may enable cagA-positive H. pylori to persistently infect the human stomach for decades while avoiding excess CagA toxicity to the host.     

幽门螺杆菌CagA蛋白N端片段的表达、纯化及其与磷脂酰丝氨酸的亲和力检测

目的:表达和纯化幽门螺杆菌不同菌株的CagA蛋白N端片段,检测其与磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的相互作用及亲和力。方法:用PCR方法从幽门螺杆菌3个菌株中扩增出CagA蛋白N端基因,并连接到表达载体pET-28a上;转化大肠杆菌BL21,经IPTG诱导可溶性表达CagA蛋白N端880残基片段;经镍柱亲和纯化后,利用PLOA法检测CagA蛋白与PS的相互作用。结果:构建了3种幽门螺杆菌菌株cagA基因的原核表达质粒pET-28a/cagAJ99、pET-28a/cagA11637及pET-28a/cagASS1,并在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达,SDS-PAGE和Western印迹证实得到目标融合蛋白,亲和纯化得到高纯度CagA蛋白。PLOA结果表明,CagA蛋白与PS有明显的相互作用。结论:3种幽门螺杆菌菌株CagA蛋白与PS之间存在相互作用,且不同的CagA与PS有不同的亲和力。     

SagA of CagA in Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis

Much attention has recently been given to the role of the Helicobacter pylori CagA protein, the only as yet identified H. pylori protein that is delivered into the host gastric epithelial cells by a type IV secretion system, in the development of H. pylori-associated diseases, including gastric carcinoma. This review summarizes the latest advances in our understanding of pathogenic actions of H. pylori CagA, particularly focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying CagA entry into the host cells as well as CagA-mediated perturbation of host cell signaling involved in proliferation, motility, differentiation, and polarity, which contributes malignant transformation of mammalian cells.     

Helicobacter pylori CagA tertiary structure reveals functional insights

CagA is a major disease-associated factor injected by the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. In this issue, Hayashi et al. (2012) report the crystallographic structure of the CagA N terminus (residues 24-876) at 3.19 ? resolution. This study revealed three distinct domains, giving novel insights into intramolecular and intermolecular protein and phosphatidylserine interactions.