纸坊病病毒病因的研究

1985年4～10月与1986年6～8月,在贵州省沿河县的纸坊村和崔家坨村先后发生了病因不明的传染病。纸坊村约有1/5的村民发病,病死率为12％,崔家坨村有1/10的村民发病,病死率高达30％。发病波及各年龄组,以青壮年为多,有家庭集聚现象。 本病起病急,轻症者只有头晕、乏力、肌痛、多汗、心悸伴以低热,有的初期有短暂的腹泻。重症者有高热(40℃以上)、大汗、心悸、游走性肌肉痉挛伴有明显疼痛和触痛,以腰骶部及四肢肌肉为好发部位。病人烦燥不安,2～5天内死亡。经实验室检查,排除了食物中毒、农药中毒、钩端螺旋体病和弓形体感染。从病人和接触者的粪便中分离到9株病毒,性状一致,为RNA型25nm的球形颗粒,耐酸,耐乙醚,能凝集人“O”型血球。经血清学鉴定为ECHO3型病毒。16份病人双份血清的检测结果表明,恢复期血清对该病毒中和抗体有4倍以上升高者共8例(纸坊村和崔家坨各4例)。病人单份血清也都有较高的抗体。有理由认为两年中先后在两个村庄发生的传染病与ECHO3型病毒有密切关系。查阅文献,尚未见有关ECHO3型病毒引起以肌痛、游走性肌痉挛为特征的疾病的报道。     

THE MEANING OF DISEASE

A wider concept of disease is developing, which deals with the social environment, not only with the physical, chemical or ecological factors, as they affect the homeostasis of the internal environment of the organism. In such a concept it is the fitness of the whole personality which determines ease or dis-ease in adaptation. If the medical profession is to retain the strategic direction as well as the tactical command of the battle for health, it must widen the bases of its educational program so that every physician will understand and conform to the plan of battle even though his individual role is highly restricted; so that even in the office of a technical specialist the whole personality of the patient in relation to his whole environment is dealt with.     

白暨豚腐皮病致病细菌的初步研究

对白鱀豚腐皮病致病细菌的分离、培养、毒力试验和详细的生理生化测定,初步确定Ⅰ型荧光极毛杆菌为其病原菌。又对该细菌进行了药物抑菌试验,筛选出几种较为有效的药物。     

DRY-ROT DISEASE OF THE POTATO

A laboratory method is described in which a modified hypodermic syringe is used to inoculate potato tubers with Fusarium caeruleum. This injection method gives consistent results and permits reliable assessments of factors such as varietal susceptibility.
The occurrence of arrested lesions is noted.
Suspensions of very high spore concentration or of spores already germinated did not greatly increase the amount of dry rot above that given by the standard too spores per inoculation, provided that spore germination was adequate.
The size of tuber and site of inoculation were found to have a considerable effect upon the results of inoculation experiments, large tubers being more susceptible than small ones and the heel end being more susceptible than the rose end. The necessity for uniformity of material used in inoculation experiments is emphasized.