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1.
Studies to determine the variations in leucine aminopeptidase(LAP) activity in tall and dwarf cultivars of rice were conductedby horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. The samples were takenat weekly intervals starting with soaked seeds (12 h) untilthe post-panicle stage. There is a distinct pattern of LAP isoenzymesin tall and dwarf cultivars studied. Some isoenzymes appearat a particular developmental stage and others disappear whilesome remain fairly constant once they are formed. A tall cultivar(Hansraj) shows greater fluctuations during the course of developmentthan the dwarf cultivars. These studies throw light on the transitorynature of these enzymes and show apparently differential geneaction. 相似文献
2.
Yuhei Morita Chiaki Yoshida Ikuo Kitamura Shoji Ida 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(8):1191-1197
Japanese-radish root contained eighteen isoenzymes of peroxidase distinguishable on polyacrylamide gel electropherograms. The isoenzymes were found to be quite similar to those of horseradish peroxidase, although their quantities were different between two plants. The acidic components were the major isoenzyme in Japanese-radish peroxidase, while the neutral ones were the major one in horseradish. The chromatographic purification of the isoenzymes was performed on CM- and DEAE-Sephadex columns to characterize the components. The components in the preparations purified by the previously reported procedures of Morita et al. were also identified. 相似文献
3.
R. M. Naik Prikhshayat Singh S. L. Mehta 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》1998,7(1):29-34
Differential response in the leaves of tall and dwarf wheat to CO, an inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase and to SHAM, an inhibitor of alternative oxidase appears to be correlated with presence of Rht dwarfing genes. This was detected by in vivo nitrate reductase assay after CO treatment and direct O2 uptake in presence of SHAM. Pretreatment of the leaves with Triton X-100 at a concentration which specifically inhibits the accessibility of exogenous NAD(P)H to alternative oxidase, Significantly enhanced the CO response as assessed by in vivo NR assay. This supports the hypothesis that the competition for NADH between NR and mitochondrial respiration is regulated by NADH-dehydrogenase located on the outer surface of inner mitochondrial membrane. 相似文献
4.
Quantitative Analysis of Endogenous Gibberellins in Normal and Dwarf Cultivars of Rice 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Kobayashi Masatomo; Sakurai Akira; Saka Hitoshi; Takahashi Nobutaka 《Plant & cell physiology》1989,30(7):963-969
Endogenous levels of gibberellins in shoots and ears of twodwarf rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, Tan-ginbozu (dx mutant)and Waito-C (dy mutant), were analyzed and compared with thoseof normal rice cultivar, Nihonbare. The endogenous levels of13-hydroxylated gibberellins in Tan-ginbozu were much lowerthan those in Nihonbare. In Waito-C, the levels of GA19 andGA20 in the shoots were higher but that of GA1 was lower thanthe levels of these gibberellins in Nihonbare. These resultssupport the hypothesis that the dy gene controls the 3ß-hydroxylationof GA20 to GA1 while the dx gene controls a much earlier stepin the gibberellin biosynthesis. Our results indicate that GA1is the active gibberellin that regulates the vegetative growthof rice. The endogenous levels of GA4 in the ears of the twodwarf cultivars of rice were higher than the level of GA4 inthe ears of the normal cultivar, Nihonbare suggesting that thebiosynthesis of gibberellin is not blocked in the anthers ofthe dwarf rice. (Received April 27, 1989; Accepted July 12, 1989) 相似文献
5.
Endogenous Gibberellins in the Vegetative Shoots of Tall and Dwarf Cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Endo Kaoru; Yamane Hisakazu; Nakayama Masayoshi; Yamaguchi Isomaro; Murofushi Noboru; Takahashi Nobutaka; Katsumi Masayuki 《Plant & cell physiology》1989,30(1):137-142
A series of 13-hydroxygibberellins, gibberellin A1 (GA1), GA19,GA20, GA44 and GA53, were identified by GC/MS (full scan) fromvegetative shoots of tall (cv. Kentucky Wonder) and dwarf (cv.Masterpiece) Phaseolus vulgaris L. It is suggested that GA1is active per se in the control of shoot elongation of P. vulgarisL., and that dwarfism in Masterpiece is not due to shortageof the active GA, but to its low ability to respond to the bioactiveGA. (Received August 29, 1988; Accepted November 21, 1988) 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳,分析了6个品种太子参的过氧化物酶同工酶,并运用相似关系R-链连接法进行了模糊聚类分析划分了类群,探讨类群之间的亲缘关系,从酶学水平的表型证实了宣参老品种是原生种,其它类群有一定程度分化,但都与宣参老品种有着密切的亲缘关系。 相似文献
8.
Role of Assimilates and Phosphates in the Control of Internode Elongation in Tall and Dwarf Indica Rice Varieties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Six indica rice varieties belonging to three duration groups,each group containing one tall and one dwarf variety, were grownunder irrigated field conditions during the wet season of 1986.At the time of culm elongation, the distal 56 internodesof a variety elongated. The pattern of extension was hierarchical,each successive internode dominating the one immediately belowit and hence the final internode lengths increased in acropetalfashion from the bottom to the top. Between the tall and dwarfvarieties, the lengths of the individual intemodes did not differmuch in the apical and basal positions, but significant differenceswere found between the lengths of the middle internodes. Withincrease in length, the internodes became visibly thinner anddry matter content per unit length decreased. Analyses of solublecarbohydrates, amino acids, and phosphate contents of the internodesindicated that the concentration of the metabolites increasedin acropetal succession from the base to the apex. In general,the dwarf varieties contained at least the same, if not a higherconcentration of the metabolites as the tall varieties. Thepossible role of the metabolites in internode extension is discussed. Key words: Rice, internode extension, assimilates, phosphates, sink 相似文献
9.
The endocytotic uptake and intracellular decay of horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes C and A by cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells were analyzed quantitatively by a direct spectrophotometric assay. At concentrations below 1 mg/ml, the rate of uptake of the isoenzyme C was more than three times as much as the isoenzyme A. This differential uptake suggests that previous claims of horseradish peroxidase being endocytosed only in the nonselective fluid phase are oversimplified. The implication of this selectivity in the biological significance of retrograde axonal transport of proteins by neuronal systems is discussed. 相似文献
10.
PETER H. LOVELL 《Physiologia plantarum》1971,25(3):382-385
Quantitative studies of the translocation of radiocarbon from a young expanded leaf of two tall varieties (Improved Pilot and Thomas Laxton) and two dwarf varieties (Little Marvel and Meteor) of Pisum sativum showed that 40 to 45 per cent of the radiocarbon was exported from the 14CO2 treated leaf after 24 hours in all four varieties. Although substantial export to the upper shoot always occurred it was more marked in the two tall varieties. Pre-treatment with GA did not affect total fixation but increased total export from the 14CO2 treated leaf in cv. Meteor and decreased it in cv. Improved Pilot. GA had no effect on the translocation pattern in the tall plants but modified that of the dwarf plants to correspond to that found in the tall varieties. 相似文献
11.
The protection compound benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH) was applied to soybean roots or leaves in a dose of 20 cm3 of a solution containing 25 μg g−1 of the active ingredient. Electrophoretic profiles of chitinase and superoxide dismutase were not altered by the product. Increased activity of two root anionic peroxidases and three differential isoforms of these enzymes were observed in plants with roots treated by BTH, which can be used as biochemical markers of the BTH effect. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
Guangying Lu Z. Hong Zhou Matthew L. Baker Joanita Jakana Deyou Cai Xincheng Wei Shengxiang Chen Xiaocheng Gu Wah Chiu 《Journal of virology》1998,72(11):8541-8549
Rice dwarf virus (RDV), a member of the Reoviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus. Infection of rice plants with RDV reduces crop production significantly and can pose a major economic threat to Southeast Asia. A 25-Å three-dimensional structure of the 700-Å-diameter RDV capsid has been determined by 400-kV electron cryomicroscopy and computer reconstruction. The structure revealed two distinctive icosahedral shells: a T=13l outer icosahedral shell composed of 260 trimeric clusters of P8 (46 kDa) and an inner T=1 icosahedral shell of 60 dimers of P3 (114 kDa). Sequence and structural comparisons were made between the RDV outer shell trimer and the two crystal conformations (REF and HEX) of the VP7 trimer of bluetongue virus, an animal analog of RDV. The low-resolution structural match of the RDV outer shell trimer to the HEX conformation of VP7 trimer has led to the proposal that P8 consists of an upper domain of β-sandwich motif and a lower domain of α helices. The less well fit REF conformation of VP7 to the RDV trimer may be due to the differences between VP7 and P8 in the sequence of the hinge region that connects the two domains. The additional mass density and the absence of a known signaling peptide on the surface of the RDV outer shell trimer may be responsible for the different interactions between plants and animal reoviruses. 相似文献
13.
ent-Kaurene Biosynthesis in Cell-Free Extracts of Excised Parts of Tall and Dwarf Pea Seedlings 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
Investigations on the sites of ent-kaur-16-ene (ent-kaurene) biosynthesis were conducted with cell-free extracts from several excised parts of 10-, 13-, and 16-d-old tall and dwarf pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings. [14C]Mevalonic acid was incorporated into ent-kaurene in cell-free extracts from young developing leaves and elongating internodes of tall (`Alaska') and dwarf (`Progress No.9') pea seedlings at all three stages of development. ent-Kaurene biosynthesis also occurred readily in cell-free extracts from shoot tips, petioles, and stipules near the young elongating internodes. The ent-kaurene-synthesizing activity found in young developing tissues declined as tissues matured. Little or no activity was detectable in enzyme extracts from cotyledons and root tips at different stages. In light grown tall pea internodes ent-kaurene-synthesizing activity was low as they began to elongate, reached a maximum when the internodes reached about 2 cm in length and declined as they matured. Activity in extracts of dwarf shoot tips and internodes was generally lower than in equivalent tall plants, but the activity in dwarf leaves and stipules was somewhat higher than in tall plants. With the exception of root tips, there is a strong correlation between growth potential of a tissue and the rate of ent-kaurene biosynthesis in extracts from that tissue. 相似文献
14.
The ontogeny of peroxidase activity and isoenzyme pattern wasinvestigated in the stem of dwarf pea plants. Peroxidase activityper unit soluble protein was a given internode is highest inthe youngest growth stage, drops during elongation, remainsconstant upon cessation of growth, and increase at senescence.The lower the internode on the stem the higher is its peroxidaseactivity. These developmental differences are already apparentat the youngest growth stage of the internodes adn increaseduring elongation. Several anodic and five cathodic isoperoxidasesare apparent after starch gel electrophoresis. This patternis constant for all internodes at all growth stages, but therelative importance of particular isoenzymes changes with time. Gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment causes greatly elongated internodes,decreased soluble protein, and inhibition of the rise in peroxidaseactivity within 48 h. Application of GA3 to young internodesleads to a persistent depression in peroxidase activity, whiletreated older internodes suffer only a temporary depression.GA3 causes no qualitative changes in the isoenzyme pattern butproduces some quantitative alterations in internodes in whichits influence on peroxidase activity is persistent. Decapitation of untreated and GA3-treated dwarfs has littleinfluence on internode elongation, causes an increase in peroxidaseactivity, especially in the upper internodes, and alters therelative activity of particular isoenzymes. By contrast, decapitationinhibits elongation of young internodes in genetically tallpea plants. 相似文献
15.
Four rice cultivars, susceptible or partially resistant to Pyricularia grisea were evaluated for their apparent infection rates (r) and for terminal severity values in seedlings grown in seedbeds. Susceptibility of partially resistant cultivars decreased when seeded in wet seedbed compared to those grown in raised or upland seedbed. The degree of blast reduction due to flooding varied with rice genotype, seeding rate, and environmental conditions. Flooding was effective in managing seedling blast of partially resistant cultivars but not of susceptible cultivar. Use of a lower seed rate in comparison to a higher seed rate also led to reductions in r-values and terminal disease severities. However, in case of the susceptible cultivar IR50, effect of seed rate was more pronounced, when low amount and short duration of rainfall occurred. Flooding of wet beds with low seed rate further reduced the blast incidence. Results of this study suggest that with appropriate use of water, seed rate, and partial host resistance there are prospects for effective control of leaf blast in the tropics. 相似文献
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黄连木雌、雄株内源植物激素和POD同工酶的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为揭示黄连木(Pistacia chinensis Bunge)不同性别植株的生理差异,以雌株和雄株叶片为试材,对叶片赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)和腐胺(Put)含量变化及过氧化物酶同工酶进行了测定。结果表明,黄连木雌、雄株叶片GA3含量在6至9月均达到极显著差异,含量均在10月8日达到最大值,分别为100.9μg/g FW和92.9μg/g FW;雄株叶片ABA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄株叶片ABA含量在5月21日和7月8日达到极显著差异,5月21日均为最小值,含量分别为222.0 ng/g FW和340.1 ng/g FW;雄株叶片IAA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄植株叶片中IAA含量在8月8日达到极显著差异,9月8日达到最大值,分别为984.8 ng/g FW和1000.6 ng/g FW;雌株GA3/ABA的比值在7月至9月极显著高于雄株,9月8日差异值最大,为42.8;雌、雄株叶片IAA/ABA在5月21日差异值最大,为0.54;雌、雄株叶片Spd含量存在显著或极显著差异,均在7月8日达到最大值,分别为47.9μg/g FW和42.8μg/g FW;雄株叶片Spm含量均大于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Spm含量在10月8日达到极显著差异,均在7月8日出现最大值,分别为24.3μg/g FW和34.5μg/g FW;雄株叶片Put含量在各个时期均低于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Put含量除5月21日外,存在显著或极显著差异,在9月8日均达到最大值,分别为156.0μg/g FW和135.1μg/g FW。雌、雄株叶片、叶柄过氧化物酶同工酶有显著差异,雌株叶片过氧化物酶同工酶有5条带,分别为POD-1、POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雄株叶片只有4条带,分别为POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雌株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有4条带,分别为POD-1’、POD-3’、POD-4’、POD-5’,雄株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有3条带,分别为POD-2’、POD-4’、POD-5’。POD-1为雌株叶片特有条带,POD-1’、POD-3’为雌株叶柄特有条带,POD-2’为雄株叶柄特有条带。通过试验得出,黄连木叶片中ABA、IAA、Spd、Spm和Put含量与性别有关,叶片和叶柄的POD同工酶条带也是鉴别黄连木性别的有效指标。 相似文献
18.
Ultrastructural studies were made using plants of five selected rice cultivars infected with rice tungro viruses. In all cultivars, rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) was found in both xylem and phloem, while rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) was observed only in the phloem. In tolerant cultivars Balimau Putih and Utri Merah, plants infected with RTBV and RTSV or RTBV alone, had fewer cells containing tungro viruses than plants of the sensitive cultivar Taichung Native 1. In RTBV-sensitive cultivars FK 135 and ASD 8 infected with both viruses or RTBV alone, electron-dense cytoplasm was observed in most cells of the phloem. Abundant phloem necrosis was also observed in FK 135. These observations were correlated with the reaction of each rice cultivar to tungro infection. 相似文献
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浙江和河北发生的一种水稻、小麦、玉米矮缩病是水稻黑条矮缩病毒引起的 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
以浙江省的水稻黑条矮缩病和河北省的玉米粗缩病的病毒分离物为材料,对我国南北方两种病毒分离物进行了比较研究。两种病毒分离物的粒子大小形态相似,且在血清学上密切相关;二者的介体、寄主相同,并引起相同的症状,提纯两种病毒分离物的基因组片段凝胶电泳显示它们相应的基因组片段之间大小极相似。根据水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Rice black strecaked dwarf virus),RBSDV的S7和S8设计引物,利用PR-PCR技术,在两种病毒分离物中均可特异扩增到预期大小的片段,序列测定比较分析表明:它们的同源性达97.0%-98.9%,与日本RBSDV的同源性(92.2%-95.5%)高于与意大利MRDV的同源性(76.6%-88.4%)。从而认为我国南方的水稻黑条矮缩病和北方和玉米粗缩病都是同一种病毒-RBSDV引起的,也就是说我国北方的玉米粗缩病病原实际上是水稻黑条矮缩病毒,而不玉米粗缩病毒。 相似文献
20.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分析和比较了5个不同产地的苦参和1种苦豆子的过氧化物酶同工酶活性。结果表明:不同产地苦参品种和苦豆子的过氧化物酶同工酶谱迁移率在0.14~0.28之间,共6条酶谱带。聚类分析表明,苦参和苦豆子的亲缘关系较远,而不同产地的苦参种质也存在一定的差异,可分为3类:甘肃成县栽培的苦参与甘肃岷县栽培的苦参为一类,河南卢氏野生苦参单独为一类,河北承德野生苦参和甘肃成县野生苦参为一类。 相似文献