Brachiopods in the Linnaean Collection

This report is the first attempt to record and figure all the brachiopod specimens preserved in the Linnaean Collection, and to assign the species to genera.
Because of the importance of a knowledge of the background to the collection as it exists today, a resume of the work done by one of us (Dance, 1967) follows. A complete list of Linnaeus's species of Anomia is also given, and the present nomenclatorial status of that genus noted.     

Aspects of the Functional Morphology of the Lophophore in Articulate Brachiopods

Histologic studies made on three species of articulate brachiopodsprovide information on the structural integrity, epithelialspecialization and other cellular aspects of the lophophore.Similarities in staining properties of granular inclusions foundin the matrix with those found in epithelial modifications ofthe brachial trough and the bases of the filaments suggest movementbetween cells within the matrix and the epithelium. The natureof the granular inclusions raises the possibility of intracellulardigestion along the lophophore of these brachiopods.     

The Cenozoic Brachiopods of the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia

The Paleocene-Miocene deposits of the Carnarvon Basin of Western Australia contain a rich fauna of brachiopods, but only two species, Tegulorhynchia boongeroodaensis Westralicrania allani , both from the Paleocene, have previously been described.One new genus, Giraliathyris , and eight new species are described herein. They are Giraliathyris mcnamari, G. kaitrinae, G. jubileensis, Liothyrella longorum, Victorithyris decapello, V. cardabiaensis, V. blakeorum, V. tulkiensis, Diedrothyris cf. johnstoniana Paraldingia timi . A Terebratulina species and two species of indeterminate genera are also described. Basiliola (Rhynchonellida) and Cancellothyris (Terebratulida) are recorded for the first time from the upper Paleocene of Australia. These, together with Victorithyris Diedrothyris Liothyrella and Paraldingia , represent the oldest records of these genera. It is suggested that their early occurrence, together with those known from the Antarctic Peninsula, indicates a southern origin for this fauna and a high latitude, southern circum-Indo-Atlantic faunal province is proposed. Subsequently the brachiopod fauna spread northwards towards lower latitudes and west to east around southern Australia, before and during the development of the circum-polar current during the Oligocene.     

Brachiopods of the family Linoproductidae from the Kasimovian Stage of the Moscow Region

Brachiopods from the Kasimovian Stage of the Moscow Region that for more than 70 years were referred to the genus Linoproductus (family Linoproductidae) are revised and redescribed. New characters connected with the ornamentation and inner structure of the dorsal valve are used for the first time in the analysis of the taxonomic structure of the group. Six species from three genera are described; four of them are new: one species of Linispinus Lazarev, 2006, three species of Linipalus Lazarev, 2007, and two species of Sublinoproductus gen. nov. The new genus is considered to be transitional between the genera Linispinus and Linoproductus.     

Rhythmic photostimulation and a number of alpha-rhythm dipoles in the human brain

Dynamic study of the equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of alpha rhythm in the human brain was performed in a one-dipole model. The number of ECDs was shown to be dependent on the time course of visual stimulation, on the phase shift of triggering of flickers with alpha-rhythm frequency from alpha-wave, as well as on the type of visual illusions produced in subjects by this stimulation. The data are discussed in accordance with the "scanning hypothesis" that predict a certain functional meaning of the spreading alpha-wave for cortical processing of sensory information in the human brain.     

Ultrastructural Similarities Between Setae of Brachiopods and Polychaetes1

Larvae of the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa Sowerby have 2 bundles of setae on each side of their mantle lobe. Each seta grows out of a follicle of epidermal cells. The cisternae and associated vesicles of the Golgi bodies in lateral follicular cells are filled with electron dense material. The basal follicular cell, or chaetoblast, has apical microvilli projecting into the basal ends of the longitudinal channels of the seta. The channel partitions are composed of fine fibers oriented parallel to the setal axis. The close structural and developmental similarities between polychaete and brachiopod setae are discussed.     

Lamination of Thermoplastic Sheets as a Means of Mounting Histological Material

Permanent preparations of squashes, whole mounts and stained sections can be made by lamination of thermoplastic sheets. Classical procedures of staining and dehydration for sectioned material were used although dehydration after staining was not required for root tip squashes. Arranging the specimen with the identification label between two pieces of clear Vinylite plastic, 15 mils thick, tightening the preparation in a Photo-Seal Kit electric press and laminating for 3 min gave a finished preparation without the use of glass slides and cover slips. For root tip squashes, the stained tip was placed with a drop of stain between two pieces of plastic, squashed and then laminated. This insured retention of all the tissue which is sometimes lost during mounting processes. Preparations of unstained whole mounts were similarly laminated, with an identification label added between the plastic sheets. Stained sections were placed between two sheets of plastic but the identification label was placed on top of the preparation and a third piece of plastic added. This prevented the label from absorbing excess stain and the increased thickness allowed the slide to be used in a mechanical stage. Well preserved slides 18 mo old indicate that the laminated plastic slide is quite durable. It saves time, reveals good cytological detail and avoids some of the laborious features of other methods. It is a technic that can be used in introductory microtechnic and in the preparation of slides for class use in histology.