3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测定植物总糖含量的探讨

本文以淀粉和棉花为材料用3,5-二硝基水杨酸(DNS)法测定了水解产物葡萄糖含量的变化。结果表明随着稀硫酸浓度增加和水解时间延长,淀粉水解得到的总糖含量逐渐增多,但是棉花水解得到的总糖含量很少且变化不明显。说明用DNS法测定植物总糖包含有淀粉大量水解产生的葡糖糖,而纤维素水解产生的葡萄糖很少。用碘液检测淀粉水解液为淡黄色时,测定的总糖含量较准确。     

宁夏不同地域枸杞多糖和总糖含量与土壤环境因子关系的研究

通过对宁夏4个主要枸杞产区土壤理化冈子及枸杞果实主要成分枸杞多糖和总糖含垃进行分析,研究不同土壤理化因子对枸杞有效成分枸杞多糖和总糖含量的影响。结果表明：宁夏4个主产区枸杞多糖累积与肥力因子间尤显著相关性,而总糖含量与肥力因子间呈负相关,其中与速效氮呈显著负相关,与速效磷呈极显著负相关。宁复枸杞果实内多糖和总糖含量与土壤盐分呈正相关。宁夏4个主要产区枸杞多糖含量差异不显著,但枸杞总糖含量差异显著,其中新产区惠农和同心总糖含量比老产区中宁、园林场含量高。     

低糖型糖果中总糖含量的测定

目的:确定低糖型糖果总糖含量的测定方法。方法:在各种实验文献的基础上,探索了直接滴定法检测总糖的检测方法,并根据实际情况,对方法进行改良。结果:该方法使总糖测定的实验条件得到改进和完善,降低了试验误差,产生了良好效果。结论:该方法测定总糖含量具有精密度高和重现性好的优点,可用于低糖型糖果的质量控制。     

麦红吸浆虫幼虫滞育期间糖类物质变化

分析研究了麦红吸浆虫Sitodiplosis mosellana (Gehin) 幼虫滞育期间总糖、海藻糖和糖原含量的变化。结果表明： 不同滞育年限幼虫的总糖含量无显著差异。在滞育年周期中,不同时期的滞育幼虫总糖含量明显不同。幼虫老熟入土滞育以前的总糖含量明显高于入土滞育期间。入土滞育过程中,越冬期和春季的总糖含量明显高于夏季和秋季。同期的裸露幼虫与结茧幼虫的总糖含量仅在秋季有一定的差异,其他时间基本相似。结茧幼虫滞育期间的海藻糖含量一直维持较高的水平,说明其滞育期间的糖醇积累型属于海藻糖积累型;秋季与春季糖原含量的增加可能与麦红吸浆虫的滞育解除或滞育强度的变化有一定的关系。     

烤烟糖含量的空间变异特征

以中国烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum)主产省份2005年B2F(上部二级桔黄色烤烟)、C3F(中部三级桔黄色烤烟)和X2F(下部二级桔黄色烤烟)3个等级烤烟为研究对象,利用地统计学与GIS技术结合的方法研究了中国烤烟主产省份烤烟水溶性总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比的空间分布特征。结果表明:各等级烤烟水溶性总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比空间相关性表现为近似相关,东西方向上,均呈现由西向东先降低后升高的趋势,南北方向上,水溶性总糖含量、还原糖含量趋势不明显,糖碱比各等级趋势各异。     

营养型复制酒中还原糖对总酯测定的影响

分别运用气相色谱法和电位滴定法对营养型复制酒总酯含量进行测定,结果表明：气相色谱测试复制酒配制前后酒样中总酯含量保持不变;电位滴定法测定的营养酒总酯含量受复制添加的还原糖影响,测试的酒样总酯含量“增加“,且增加量与复制酒中还原糖浓度呈线性关系。当复制酒中还原糖浓度提高1.0g/L,则测定的总酯含量“增加“0.72g/L。用电位滴法测定的结果减去相应还原糖对应的“总酯“增加值,即为复制酒中的总酯含量。     

水稻辐射白色转绿突变系转绿过程中叶片内碳水化合物的变化…

水稻白色转绿突变系Ｗ２５转绿过程中,第５ｄ后叶片内总糖,淀粉,蔗糖,还原糖及总氮的含量都逐渐增加,完全转绿后一星期达到亲本２１７７Ｓ水平,Ｗ２５除还原糖含量一直较２１７７Ｓ高,蔗糖在完全转绿时已达２１７７Ｓ水平外,其叶片内总糖,淀粉和总氮的含量须再经一段时间才达到亲本的水平;总糖和淀粉含量在转绿开始时明显较亲本低,淀粉累积极微。总氮含量增加的幅度较亲本明显,而蔗糖含量的变化与亲本相仿,２１７７ＳＣ     

人工低温条件下滇中砀山酥梨休眠花芽及其着生处枝条中糖类含量的变化(简报)

９００ｈ人工低温处理的滇中砀山酥梨休眠花芽及其着生处枝条中可溶性糖含量和还原糖含量最高,淀粉含量最低;６００ｈ低温处理的总糖含量和非还原糖含量最高,还原糖／非还原糖最低。     

果蔗叶片生理生化指标与品质性状的典范相关分析

选用果蔗（Saccharum officinarum L．）14个品种,用典范相关分析法研究不同生育期叶片生理生化指标对果蔗品质性状的影响。结果表明：分蘖期类胡萝卜素含量与蔗茎蔗糖含量,可溶性总糖含量与蔗茎含水率,可溶性总糖含量与蔗汁还原糖含量均呈正相关;伸长初期叶绿素含量、CAT活性与蔗茎蔗糖含量,可溶性蛋白质含量与蔗茎纤维含量均呈正相关;伸长盛期Mg^2＋ -ATP酶活性与蔗茎纤维含量,可溶性总糖含量与蔗茎蔗糖含量呈正相关,C／N与蔗茎含水率呈负相关;成熟期类胡萝卜素含量与蔗茎蔗糖含量呈正相关,可溶性总糖含量与蔗汁还原糖含量呈负相关。     

美观马先蒿根营养成分分析

对秦岭太白山野生植物美观马先蒿根中的氨基酸、蛋白质、还原性糖、总糖及微量元素进行了测试分析。结果表明 :美观马先蒿根中总氨基酸含量为 8 12 5 %、蛋白质含量为 0 5 4%、还原性糖含量为 6 0 7%、总糖含量为 12 70 %以及含有人体必需的微量元素 7种 ,而致癌可疑元素Pb、Cd低于国际控制标准 ,为开发利用这一资源提供营养学依据。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism