黑麦冬的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称 黑麦冬（Ophiopogon planiscapus cv．ArabicuS）,别名黑龙、黑沿阶草。 2材料类别 带茎尖的幼嫩茎段。 3培养条件 以MS为基本培养基。（1）芽诱导培养基：MS＋6-BA2．0mg．L^-1（单位下同）＋NAA0．2;（2）继代增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA4．0＋NAA0.4;（3）生根培养基：1／2MS＋NAA0．1。上述培养基均添加3％蔗糖和0．6％琼脂,pH5．8-6．0。     

华钩藤的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称华钩藤[Uncaria sinensis（Oliv．）Havil．],别名双钩藤、鹰爪风、倒挂刺等。2材料类别 种子。3培养条件 基本培养基为WPM。（1）种子萌发培养基：WPM＋BA0．2～1．0mg．L^-1（单位下同）＋NAA0．1;（2）芽诱导培养基：WPM＋KT2．0＋NAA0．2;（3）壮苗培养基：WPM（大量元素减半）＋KT0．2＋NAA0．5;（4）生根培养基：1／2WPM（大量元素减半）＋NAA1．0。     

版纳蝴蝶兰的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 版纳蝴蝶兰（Phalaenopsis mannii Rchb．F．）。 2材料类别 种子。 3培养条件 种子萌发培养基：（1）MS;（2）MS＋椰子乳100mL·L^-1;（3）1／2MS;（4）1／2MS＋椰子乳100mL·L^-1;（5）1／4MS;（6）1／4MS＋椰子乳100mL·L^-1;（7）1／2MS＋苹果汁100mL·L^-1;     

松毛翠的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称 松毛翠（Phyllodo cecaerulea L．Bab．）。 2材料类别 新萌发嫩茎尖。 3培养条件 基本培养基为MS。（1）嫩茎尖愈伤组织诱导培养基：1／3MS＋2-Ip5．0mg·L^-1（单位下同）＋NAA0．5＋3％蔗糖;（2）愈伤组织再分化培养基：1／3MS＋2-Ip4．5＋IAA0．4＋3％蔗糖;（3）芽的继代增殖培养基：1／3MS＋2-Ip3．5＋IAA0．25＋3％蔗糖;     

短果杜鹃的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称 短果杜鹃(Rhododendron brachycarpum D.Don ex G.Don). 2 材料类别 新萌发嫩芽.     

麻叶绣线菊的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 麻叶绣线菊（Spiraea cantoniensis Lour．）。 2材料类别 茎段、叶片。 3培养条件 （1）芽诱导培养基：MS＋6-BA3．0mg·L^-1（单位下同）＋NAA0．1;（2）芽增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA2．0＋NAA0．1;（3）愈伤组织诱导培养基：MS＋6-BA1．0＋NAA0．5＋2,4-D0．5;     

青藏苔草的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称 青藏苔草（Carex moorcroftii Falc ex Boott）。 2材料类别 种子。 3培养条件 （1）诱导培养基：MS＋NAA0．5mg·L^-1（单位下同）＋6-BA1＋2,4-D0．5;（2）继代培养基：MS＋NAA0．5＋6-BA0．5＋2,4-D2;（3）芽分化培养基：MS＋6-BAI＋NAA1;（4）生根培养基：1／2MS＋IAA3。     

兰香草的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 兰香草[Caryopteris incana（Thunb．）Miq．]。 2材料类别 茎段。 3培养条件 以MS为基本培养基。芽诱导培养基：（1）MS＋6-BA0．5mg·L^-1（单位下同）＋IBA0．2;（2）MS＋6-BA1．0＋IBA0．2。     

新疆一枝蒿的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称 新疆一枝蒿（Artemisia rupestris L．）,别名岩蒿。 2材料类别 种子。 3培养条件 种子萌发培养基：（1）MS。芽增殖培养基：（2）MS＋NAA0．05mg·L^-1（单位下同）;（3）MS＋6-BA0．5＋NAA0．05;（4）MS＋6-BA1．0＋NAA0．05;（5）MS＋6一BA1．5＋NAA0．05;（6）MS＋6-BA2．0＋NAA0．05。     

南美蟛蜞菊的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称 南美蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata Hitchc). 2 材料类别 顶芽和茎段.     

头花蓼种子贮藏与寿命研究

目的:研究包装材料、贮藏时间和环境对头花蓼种子发芽率的影响,为其贮藏提供科学方法。方法:将头花蓼种子分别装于牛皮纸袋与棉布袋后,置干燥器、冰箱里及室温下贮藏12个月时测发芽率,以后每隔6个月测1次发芽率,直至室温下的发芽率为零时。结果:用透气性良好的棉布袋与用透气性较差的牛皮纸袋包装贮藏头花蓼种子,其发芽率无显著差异。头花蓼种子贮藏于室温下18个月时,发芽率就显著下降,30个月时,发芽率降为零;贮藏于冰箱中24个月时,发芽率才显著降低,30个月时,仍有发芽能力;而贮藏于干燥器中达30个月时,发芽率才明显下降。结论:包装材料的透气性差异对头花蓼种子的发芽率无显著影响。头花蓼种子的寿命为30个月,干燥和低温环境能延长其寿命。     

扭肚藤的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称扭肚藤（Jasminum amplexicule Buch）,又名白花茶、假素馨、青藤仔花、左扭藤等。 2材料类别当年生幼嫩茎段。     

The Development of Stomata in Vegetative and Reproductive Organs ofBupleurum tenue Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

InBupleurum tenue stomata have been observed on leaf, stem,stalk of compound umbel and umbellet, bract of involucre andinvolucel, pedicel of flower, both surfaces of petal, outerepidermis of pericarp, and the stylopodium. Their developmentis of the syndetocheilic type in vegetative as well as the reproductiveorgans. In the stylopodium the stomata are anomocytic whilein the rest of the organs they are anisocytic.     

羊踯躅的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 羊踯躅（Rhododendron molleG．Don）。 2材料类别当年生茎尖或茎段。     

枸骨的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称枸骨(flex cornuta Lindl.eX Paxt.),别名鸟不宿,猫儿刺. 2材料类别种子. 3培养条件种胚萌发培养基:(1)I/2MS GA,1.0mg·L-1(单位下同);壮苗培养基:(2)MS BA 1.5 NAA0.5;不定芽诱导培养基:(3)MS BA 2.0 NAA 0.1;增殖与继代培养基:(4)MS BA 3.0 KT 0.5 IBA 0.5;(5)MS BA2.0 KT0.5 113A0.5;生根培养基:(6)I/2MS IBA 0.2 NAA 0.2.以上培养基都加入3%蔗糖和0.7%琼脂粉,pH 5.6～5.8,高压锅121℃灭菌15 min.培养温度为(25 2)℃,光照强度为加40～50μmol·m-2·s-1,光照时间为14 h·d-1.     

清香木的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称清香木(Pistacia weinmannifolia Poiss.ex Franch.)。2材料类别带芽茎段。3培养条件(1)诱导丛芽培养基:MS 6.BA 1 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) NAA 0.1:(2)不定芽增殖培养基:MS 6-BA2 NAA 0.5;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS     

Scientific Basis for Use of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. Fruit in Gastrointestinal,Respiratory and Cardiovascular Ailments

Background

Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. has been used conventionally by many communities in the Himalayan region for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular complications. Set against this background, this study was carried out to justify the scientific basis to validate folkloric uses of fruits of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. (Pp.Cr) in traditional systems of medicine.

Methods

The crude ethanol extract of fruits of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. (Pp.Cr) was tested in vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal, and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with a PowerLab data acquisition system.

Results

The Pp.Cr on application (0.01–5.0 mg/ml) to isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exhibited relaxation through decrease in magnitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions. The Pp.Cr also exerted a relaxant (0.01–5.0 mg/ml) effect on K+(80 mM) induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and caused shifting of the Ca2+ curves (1.0–3.0 mg/ml) toward right in a manner similar to that of verapamil (3μM), possibly suggesting presence of Ca2+ channel blocking activity. Subsequently, Pp.Cr in a concentration-dependent fashion (0.01–10.0 mg/ml) caused relaxation of CCh (1μM) and K+ (80 mM) induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to that of dicyclomine, suggesting that the observed relaxant effect is likely to be mediated through antimuscarinic and/or Ca2+ channel blocking activities. Moreover, when evaluated against isolated rabbit aortic preparations, the Pp.Cr in concentrations up to 10 mg/ml exhibited a contractile response that was found to be abolished subsequent to pretreatment of isolated tissue preparation with cyproheptadine (1μM), phentolamine (1μM), and losartan (1μM), suggesting that Pp.Cr may have some α-adrenergic, muscarinic, serotonergic, and angiotensin II activities.

Conclusions

The aqueous ethanolic extract of Pyrus pashia (Pp.Cr) exhibited spasmolytic, bronchodilator, and vaso-constrictive activities possibly through different mechanisms. The spasmolytic and bronchodilator activities are likely to be mediated through blockade of Ca2+ channels, while vasoconstrictive activity may be due to presence of a α-adrenergic, muscarinic, serotonergic, and angiotensin II agonistic component.     

Isolation and characterization of 19 microsatellite markers in a tropical and warm subtropical birch, Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Betula alnoides is an ecologically and economically important species in the tropics and warm subtropics. Nineteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated from this species, which displayed three to 12 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.100 to 0.905, and the expected heterozygosities from 0.510 to 0.893. These markers would be useful tools in genetic resource assessment, molecular marker-assistant breeding, parentage analysis and genetic diversity studies for this species.     

Seed Germination in Buchnera hispida Buch.--Ham. ex D. Don

The effects of host-produced germination stimulant, light and2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) on the germination of seedsof Buchnera hispida collected from Sorghum farms in Bornu Provinceof the North Eastern State of Nigeria were investigated. Lightinduced the germination of about 30 per cent of the seeds inthe absence of host-produced germination stimulant. There waslittle or no germination in the dark. Neither water pretreatmentnor the host stimulant was required for germination. GenerallyCEPA had little or no effect on germination. Light-stimulatedgermination required an induction period of 6 to 8 days in light.This induction period could be shortened if seeds were incubatedin water for a period in the dark prior to transfer to light.The results of our experiments indicate that an endogenous germinationmetabolite is synthesized and accumulated in light. Also thereis evidence to suggest that some steps leading to its formationcan be accomplished in the dark.