宁夏六盘伪黑盲蛛记述(盲蛛目,开气门亚目,硬体盲蛛科)(英文)

记述了分布于中国宁夏回族自治区的伪黑盲蛛属Pseudomelanopa 1新种:六盘伪黑盲蛛P.liupan sp.nov.,此种与本属中的唯一种类台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana相比较,雄蛛的阳茎和雌蛛的纳精囊明显不同;新种步足上的刺明显小于台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana;新种雌蛛眼丘光滑,而台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana眼丘上具1对小钝突;新种雄蛛触肢膝节和胫节光滑,仅在其膝节远端具1尖刺,而台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana雄蛛触肢膝节和胫节背面具小齿.新种模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

北京幽灵蛛体表微感受器的类型、结构和分布

北京幽灵蛛(Pholcus beijingensis)体表的微感受器包括毛状感受器(触毛、听毛、味觉毛和刺)、裂缝状感受器(单个裂缝器、竖琴器)和跗节器等.扫描电镜观察显示,北京幽灵蛛体表的毛状感受器数量最多,分布最广;其次是裂缝感受器;此外,每个跗节末端具有一个跗节器.除触毛在整个身体表面均有分布外,其他毛状感受器(...     

海南儋州地区果园蜘蛛种类调查研究初报

通过调查研究,共发现海南儋州地区果园蜘蛛48种,隶属12科,35属。其中,有15种分布于荔枝园,32种分布于芒果园,2种分布于龙眼园,1种分布于番石榴上。拟盲幽灵蛛Pholcus opilionoides与梅氏新园蛛Neoscona melloteei在芒果和荔枝上都有分布。有6个标本只鉴定到属。     

中国狂蛛属二新纪录(蜘蛛目:平腹蛛科)

1.黄足狂蛛Zelotes pedestrie(C.L.Koch),1839 此蛛已知分布在英国、法国、德国、芬兰等。此次在浙江省松阳县采得2♀♀、1(1984.V)系国内新发现。该蛛主要特征:体长♀7毫米,4.5—6毫米。背甲和胸板黑色,浸入酒精后呈红褐色,放射沟黑色明显。眼列端直,各眼间距、大小约等。腹背黑色,生殖厣黄色。螯肢前齿堤具一列短粗刺。步足除腿节黑色外,其余各节均为黄色,第一、二步足具短粗刺丛,第二后跗节无腹刺。     

蜘蛛寄生革螨1新属2新种(蜱螨亚纲:巨刺螨科)

报道巨刺螨科Macronyssidae 1新属2新种:广西蛛刺螨 Arachnyssus guang.riensis gen.et sp. nov.和虎纹蛛刺螨 Arachnyssus huwenae gen.et sp. nov., 均寄生于虎纹捕鸟蛛 Ormthoctonus huwena Wang et al., 1993。     

中国蛤莫蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目,跳蛛科)

记述了采自中国湖南张家界境内的蛤莫蛛属Harmochirus 1新种:松林蛤莫蛛Harmochirus pineus sp.nov..新种与鳃蛤莫蛛Harmochirus brachiatus(Thorell,1877)相似,但有以下几点不同:1)新种后齿堤一齿不分叉,后者分两叉;2)两者雄蛛第Ⅰ步足胫节刺着生位置有区别,新种的3对胫节刺着生于胫节远端2/3下方,后者3对胫节刺等距离着生于胫节下方;3)新种雌蛛Ⅰ胫节背面无羽状毛;4)二者腹部背面斑纹有明显区别.     

中国小密蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目,密蛛科)

记述采自湖南省道县的密蛛科小密蛛属1新种,命名为龚氏小密蛛Mysmenella gongi sp.nov,该种生活在山边沟渠内草丛、灌木刺丛中,布小型圆锥状网.新种与分布于韩、日等国的约氏小密蛛Mysmenella jobi(Kraus,1967)(Yaginuma,1986:89,pl.19,Fig.7)相似,但有以下不同:1)新种体色灰黄褐色,后者黑色;2)雌、雄蛛腹部背面有3对排列呈六角形的银色圆斑,腹部末端,雌蛛有2对细杆状银斑,排列呈弧形;后者雌、雄蛛背面仅有2对银灰色不规则斑,雌蛛末端有一大梯形银灰色斑;3)前者外雌器的垂体较小,交媾管细长呈"W"形弯曲;后者垂体长,交媾管呈"U"形弯曲;4)触肢器的微细结构也不同.     

盲蛛血细胞分类研究

应用显微镜与相差显微镜相结合技术,对蛛形纲Ａｒａｃｈｎｉｄａ广腰亚纲Ｌａｔｉｇａｓｔｒａ、盲蛛目Ｏｐｉｌｉｏｅｓ、长奇盲蛛科Ｐｈａｌａｎｇｉｉｄａｅ的盲蛛Ｏｐｉｌｉｏ ｓｐ．血细胞进行分类,它有原血细胞浆细胞、颗粒细胞、类绛色细胞、小球细胞、类球形 细胞和足细胞等７种类型。     

中国转刺蛛属的修订(蜘蛛目:园蛛科)

对中国转刺蛛属Eriophora进行了修订,共记述8种,其中含3个新组合：宝天曼转刺蛛Eriophora baotianmanensis（Hu,Wang＆Wang,1991）和喜马拉稚转刺蛛Ehimalayaensis（Tikader,1975）从园蛛属Araneus移人,杂斑转刺蛛E．poecila（Zhu＆Wang,1994）从扇蛛属历肛n移人;3个新异名：王氏转刺蛛E.wangi Zhu et Song,1994和陕西转刺蛛E.shaanxiensis Zhu et Wang,1994均为宝天曼转刺蛛Ebaotianmanensis（Hu．Wang＆Wang,1991）的异名,松林园蛛A．pineus Yin et a1．,1990为萨哈林转刺蛛E.sachalinensis（Saito．1934）的异名。     

中国红螯蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目,米图蛛科)

记述中国米图蛛科红螯蛛属1新种,膨胀红螯蛛Cheiracanthium inflatum sp.nov.,模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆.膨胀红螯蛛,新种Cheiracanthium inflatum sp.nov.(图1～14)正模♂,广西大明山自然保护区浣纱瀑布,2011年5月23日,王英楠采.副模:1♀,1♂,广西大明山自然保护区浣纱瀑布,2011年5月23日,彭艳秋采;1 ♂,广西大明山自然保护区龙腾宾馆附近,2011年5月29日,王英楠采.新种与短刺红螯蛛C.brevispinum Song et al,1982,岛红螯蛛C.insulanum (Thorell,1878)和彭妮红螯蛛C.pennyi O.P.-Cambridge,1873近似,但与后者的区别为:1)新种雄蛛中突较短呈刺状,而短刺红螯蛛中突较长且中央弯曲呈镰刀状,岛红螯蛛中突呈扁带状,彭妮红螯蛛中突较长呈钩状;2)新种雌蛛的纳精囊呈倒梨形,而短刺红螯蛛纳精囊略长呈肾形,岛红螯蛛纳精囊为球形,而彭妮红螯蛛纳精囊呈半球状.分布:中国广西.词源:新种种名源自拉丁词“inflatum”,指其膨胀的生殖球,形容词.     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism