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1.
OKY-1581 is an effective inhibitor of thromboxane synthesis invivo and invitro. The generation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), prostaglandin E (PGE) and prostaglandin F (PGF) was measured following clotting and during platelet aggregation induced by collagen. The presence of OKY 1581 either invivo or invitro caused a reduction in TxB2 generation during clotting and platelet aggregation with a concomitant increase in PGE and PGF. The effect could be observed two hours after oral or subcutaneous administration of 5 to 100 mg per rabbit and lasted for 24 to 48 hours. The reduction in TxB2 was not accompanied by an inhibition of clotting or platelet aggregation. OKY-1581 appears to be a suitable agent for studying the role of TxB2 in atherosclerosis.  相似文献   

2.
Uterine stage embryos collected from the hamster (8-cell) and cow (morula, early blastocyst) were monitored for development invitro (embryo culture) and invivo (embryo transfer) following premature removal of the zona pellucida.Removal of the zona pellucida did not significantly affect invitro development to the blastocyst stage of (1) 8-cell hamster embryos (zonae removed by a combined enzymic-mechanical procedure), (2) bovine morulae (zonae removed by mechanical means only) (3) early bovine blastocysts (zonae removed by the enzymic-mechanical technique).Zona-free hamster embryos formed significantly fewer viable fetuses than did zona-intact embryos. The lower incidence of fetal development observed following transfer of zona-free 8-cell hamster embryos may have resulted in part from the formation of chimeras by fusion of these embryos inutero. Such fusion was observed to occur invitro between zona-free embryos placed in close proximity. The proportion of pregnancies resulting from transfer of bovine blastocysts cultured from zona-free morulae was similar to that of zona-intact embryos.In this study we have demonstrated that (1) enzymic and mechanical procedures used to remove zonae pellucidae from uterine-stage hamster and bovine embryos do not adversely affect subsequent development of these embryos invitro and invivo and (2) zonae pellucidae are not required for normal development of these embryos. These findings have implications for microsurgery of mammalian embryos and for embryo transfer.  相似文献   

3.
Prostaglandin (PG) levels in follicular fluid from preovulatory follicles of rabbit ovaries perfused invitro were measured in order to compare PG changes in this model system with those that occur invivo and in isolated, LH-treated follicles inbarvitro. One ovary from each rabbit was perfused without further treatment (control). The other ovary was exposed to LH (0.1 or 1 ug/ml) beginning 1 hour (h) after initiation of perfusion. Samples of perfusion medium were taken at frequent intervals for measurement of PGE, PGF, progesterone and estradiol 17β. The perfusions were terminated when the first ovulation occurred or appeared imminent as judged by changes in the size and shape of the follicles. Follicular fluid was then rapidly aspirated from all large follicles on both ovaries for PGE and PGF measurement.Ovulations occurred only in the LH-treated ovaries. Progesterone and estradiol levels were significantly elevated in the perfusion medium within 1 h of LH treatment in comparison to controls. PG levels in perfusion medium from the control and LH-treated ovaries were not different throughout perfusion and increased in both groups. In contrast, PG levels measured in follicular fluid from LH-treated ovaries were 4- to 5-fold greater than in fluid from control ovaries. It is concluded that ovulation induced by LH in this experimental model is accompanied by an increase in follicular PG levels similar to that seen in other invivo and invitro models. This difference in follicular PG levels between the LH-treated and control ovaries is, however, not reflected in the perfusion medium.  相似文献   

4.
The semi-soft agar colony assay permits an invitro analysis of committed myeloid stem cell (CFU-c) proliferation capacities. In this paper this procedure has been used in combination with prior diffusion chamber culturing to determine the effect of host influences upon this committed stem cell population. This “double-seeding” procedure of first culturing bone marrow cells in diffusion chambers and then re-seeding them in agar furnishes data suggesting a relationship between invivo diffusion chamber transitional lymphocytes and invitro CFU-c seeding capacities. Diffusion chamber culturing offers a means of monitoring granulopoiesis and selects for enrichment of stem cell numbers. Detection and quantification of diffusion chamber stem cell enrichment is easily assessed by seeding chamber contents into the agar colony assay.  相似文献   

5.
The pesticide o,p'-DDT stimulates the production of a specific uterine protein, the so-called induced protein or IP, normally associated with an estrogenic response of the uterus. Invivo stimulation of IP production is observed 1 hour after the administration of 250 mg/kg of o,p'-DDT to immature rats. Invitro stimulation of IP production is observed after a 1 hour incubation of uteri with 100 μM o,p'-DDT. This invitro response is blocked by Actinomycin D. In contrast to o,p'-DDT, which binds to the cytoplasmic estrogen receptor and stimulates IP production, p,p'-DDT which does not bind well to the estrogen receptor does not stimulate IP production invitro. These findings represent the first report of an estrogenic effect of o,p'-DDT in a completely invitro system.  相似文献   

6.
A functional dnaZ product, known to be essential for host DNA polymerization and for the growth of coliphages ?X174 and M13, is required for the invivo single strand to replicative form conversions of both of these phages.  相似文献   

7.
The prostaglandin (PG) content of several tissues and fluids from 6 day pregnant rabbits was evaluated following treatment with indomethacin or vehicle invivo. PGE and PGF were measured by radioimmunoassay. More complete depletion of PGE and PGF was accomplished by 3 injections of indomethacin (s.c.) given during the 18 h before sacrifice at a dose of 10 mg indomethacin per kg body weight than was accomplished by 1 injection of the same amount of indomethacin (i.v.) 1.5 h before sacrifice. Levels of PGF were more easily depressed by indomethacin than were those of PGE. PG levels in the kidney and blastocysts were depressed to a greater extent by indomethacin than were those in the uterus, uterine fluid or peritoneal fluid. Evaluation of the effect of indomethacin on a particular physiological function should be interpreted with caution unless the extent of PG depletion in that tissue is also measured.  相似文献   

8.
9.
Rabbit anti-fluorescyl antibody producing lymphoid cells incubated invitro with LSD do not secrete the 7S form of immunoglobulin. The low molecular weight extracellular labeled material shows no measurable anti-fluorescyl antibody activity. Results indicate that during a short incubation period LSD interferes with tryptophan incorporation into antibody protein.  相似文献   

10.
Relatively large amounts of immunoreactive prolactin were measured in homogenates of human decidual tissue obtained immediately after delivery of normal term pregnancies. In order to study the release and possible synthesis of prolactin by this tissue, explants of decidua were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C in oxygenated Gey's buffer containing 20% fetal calf serum. When cycloheximide was added to the medium in concentrations sufficient to prevent invitro protein synthesis, 85–90% of the prolactin present in the tissue was released into the medium during the first 3 hours of incubation. No additional prolactin accumulated in either the medium or the tissue during the remainder of the incubation period. In the absence of cycloheximide, the prolactin concentration in the medium increased progressively during incubation, so that after 24 hours the total amount of hormone present in the tissue and medium was significantly greater than that in the tissue and medium prior to incubation (37.6 ± 9.6 ng/ml at 0 time vs 82.2 ± 7.7 ng/ml at 24 hours). When 3H-1-leucine (100 u Ci) was supplied during incubation, radioactive proteins were detected in the medium at 24 hr, 14–20% of which were specifically precipitated by antiserum to human pituitary prolactin. When aliquots of this medium were chromatographed on Sephadex G-100, 80–95% of the 3H-proteins precipitated by antiserum to pituitary prolactin eluted in the same position as did purified, iodinated pituitary prolactin. These data indicate that a species of prolactin which is identical to pituitary prolactin by the criteria of immunoprecipitation and gel chromatography is synthesized by human decidual tissue invitro.  相似文献   

11.
The nucleus tractus solitarius and the spinal trigeminal nucleus receive peripheral sensory input from substance P containing afferent nerves. This study demonstrates that invitro depolarization of these nuclei in tissue slices evokes a calcium-dependent efflux of substance P immunoreactivity. Capsaicin (33μM) also elicits substance P release from the nucleus tractus solitarius and spinal trigeminal nucleus but not from the hypothalamus. The occurrence of potassium-stimulated SP release from the two medullary nuclei fulfills one of the criteria for neurotransmitter status. The capsaicin data support the contention that this agent elicits release of substance P from nuclear regions receiving peripheral afferent information in substance P nerves independent of the particular sensory modality served but is ineffective in nonsensory areas.  相似文献   

12.
Two experiments were conducted to test for the recovery of brucella organisms from uterine flushings and harvested embryos of sero-positive embryo donor females. In Experiment I, 16 sero-positive cows were superovulated with FSH treatments and artificially inseminated at 12, 24 and 36 hours following the onset of estrus with brucella-free semen. At 48 hours after the onset of estrus, one half the potential donor females were administered an intrauterine inoculation of 3.3 to 4.6 × 104Brucellaabortus (strain 2308) organisms while the remainder received a control inoculation. In Experiment II, the same 16 cows were similarly administered superovulatory treatments and inseminated following estrus. The uterine inoculation was increased to 1.5 to 2.5 × 108 organisms administered 48 hours following estrus. Samples of recovered flushing medium and homogenized embryo residues were placed into a validated invitro culture system to detect the presence of brucella bacteria. Uterine flushings and embryos recovered from 31 females exhibiting estrus following FSH treatments were free from either field strain or the inoculated B.abortus (strain 2308) contamination. The flushings obtained from a single female, which did not respond with estrus following FSH treatment but was inoculated at appointment, did contain B.abortus which was identified as the inoculated strain 2308 and not field strain organisms. These results indicate that brucella contamination of flushing media and harvested embryos will not likely be incurred when collecting embryos from sero-positive donor females. These findings offer further encouragement for the use of embryo transplantation as a method to produce brucella-free offspring from infected cows.  相似文献   

13.
The demethylation of O6-methylguanine in double stranded DNA catalyzed by rat liver O6-methylguanine-DNA transmethylase was found to proceed much more rapidly when the DNA substrate was methylated to a high extent. When the content of O6-methylguanine in DNA was equal to 1 in 2000 guanines, the reaction was 90% complete within 2 min, but when the content was 1 in 500,000 it required 27 min at 37°C. These results suggest that the repair protein either moves along the DNA substrate or else has little selectivity for binding specifically to the sites containing O6-methylguanine rather than to the normal DNA. The repair of O6-methylguanine in rat liver in, vivo occurred at rates comparable to those seen in, vitro with the substrates alkylated to low extents and was virtually complete within 3 hours. These results provide strong evidence that this protein is the factor responsible for O6-methylguanine removal in, vivo and explain the wide variation in time courses reported in the literature since substrates methylated to greatly different extents have been used for such experiments.  相似文献   

14.
The transducing phage λdarg14, carrying a portion of the E. coli chromosome including argECBH, is derived from the heat-inducible, lysis-defective strain λy199, which has the b519 and b515 deletions. Cleavage of λy199 DNA by EcoRI endonuclease, followed by agarose slab gel electrophoresis, results in bands corresponding to the known C, D, E, and F segments of λ, and a segment A′ (A plus B minus b519 minus b515, the cleavage site between A and B being eliminated). Cleavage of λdarg14 DNA by EcoRI yields the expected D, E, and F segments of λ and four other segments, termed 14-1 through 14-4, whose length is 17.5, 6.2, 3.0, and 2.0 kilobases, respectively, as determined by electron microscopy and corroborated by electrophoretic mobility. Heteroduplex analysis shows that the E. coli argECBH cluster is on the 14-1 segment.  相似文献   

15.
The quantity of organic acids ( lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid ) in the content of the gastrointestinal tract of germ-free and conventional rats and the invitro effects of the organic acid on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract of rats were investigated.Organic acids were detected only in the gastrointestinal contents of conventional rats but not in those of germ-free rats.Lactic acid detected in the stomach of rats stimulated the motility of both small and large bowel while acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid found in the cecum stimulated the motility of the large bowel but not of small bowel.  相似文献   

16.
The synthesis and characterization of E- and Z-3,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hexene (E- and Z-pseudo-DES) and of Z-3,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hexen-1-ol (Z-1-hydroxypseudo-DES) are described. These compounds are useful as probes in the study of hormone action.  相似文献   

17.
Both pairs of dl-ll-desoxy- and dl-13-cis-erythro-15, 16-dihydroxyprostaglandins have been synthesized via 1,4-conjugate additions of an appropriately functionalized cis-vinyl cuprate to the requisite cyclopentenone. These prostaglandin analogs are considerably less potent than PGE2 as gastric secretion inhibitors or as bronchodilators.  相似文献   

18.
A. Vardanis 《Life sciences》1976,19(12):1949-1956
The system described utilizes the abdominal integument of the grasshopper Melanoplussanguinipes as the tissue and radioactive glucose, glucosamine or UDP-N-acetyl glucosamine as substrate. A micromethod is described that makes it possible to use as little as 2 μl total volume of incubation. After an initial lag period, incorporation rates become linear for at least 2 hrs. Cell disruption leads to immediate and complete loss of activity.  相似文献   

19.
This case report addresses the occurrence of Brucellosis and its effect on the cattle in developing countries. Three Zebu bulls (Bosindicus) are presented and the clinical and pathologic signs are described. Conception rates declined following an abortion storm in one herd and without prior abortions in another herd. Semen collected by electro-ejaculation was found to be azoospermic or with very few spermatozoa. B. abortus was isolated from seminal vesicles, testes and epididymides. Organs affected and showing microscopic lesions were testes, epididymides and seminal vesicles. The latter were not consistently affected. None of the bulls showed impairment of libido or breeding capacity.  相似文献   

20.
Rhodotorucine A which induces mating tube formation of a cells in Rhodosporidiumtoruloides is metabolized rapidly by a cells. By use of labeled rhodotorucine A, the degradation was found to be proteolytic. Two peptide fragments Tyr-Pro-Glu-Ile-Ser-Trp-Thr-Arg and Asn-Gly-Cys(S-farnesyl) were identified as the metabolites. Proteolysis of the pheromone mainly occurred on the cell surface. Culture filtrate of a cells at log phase did not metabolize rhodotorucine A.  相似文献   

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