Biostratinomie von Insekten aus der Fur-Formation von Dänemark (Moler, oberes Paleozän / unteres Eozän)

The different agents influencing the preservation of fossil insects are revised. The mode of preservation of one species of Heteroptera, of Saltatoria, Hymenoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera from the Fur Formation is described and interpreted. All groups have specific modes of preservation depending particularly on the flying behaviour of the living insects, their morphology, floating time, and the activity of algal, fungi or bacterial mats growing on the surface of the bodies. As the example of a bug shows, it is possible to determine, if extensive material is available for comparison, the systematic position of fragments of insects that are difficult to interpret otherwise.     

Eine fossile stielaugenfliege aus dem unter-oligozän von ceresté, Frankreich (Diptera: Diopsidae)

A new find of a fossil stalk-eyed fly (Diptera: Diopsidae, Diopsinae) possibly belonging to the generaProsphyracephala orSphyracephala, is described. The specimen has been found in the fossiliferous »oil-shale« sediments of lower oligocene age near Ceresté, Alpes de Haute-Provence, France.     

Eine fossile Stechmücke aus dem Unter-Oligozän von Céreste,Frankreich (Diptera: Culicidae)

Larvae of 4 different stages, pupae and adult fossil Culicidae from the Lower Oligocene of Cereste, Alpes de Haute-Provence, France, are described. All stages are considered to belong to the tribe Culicini and it is most likely that they all represent the same species.     

Neue mikropaläontologische Ergebnisse aus dem Paleozän des Haunsberg-Helvetikums (Salzburg, Österreich)

A revised stratigraphy based on planktonic foraminifera is presented for the Paleocene Oiching Beds of the Helvetic zone N Salzburg, Austria. Compared with the result of Gohrbandt (1963), the planktonic foraminiferal diversity is greater and a new interpretation of local tectonic is proposed. The planktonic foraminifera are described in brief.     

Ökofaunistischer Vergleich von Nematoceren-Faunen (Insecta; Diptera: Sciaridae und Ceratopogonidae) des Baltischen und Sächsischen Bernsteins (Tertiär, Oligozän-Miozän)

Based on ecofaunistical indices (dominance, similarity indices:Jaccard-, Sørensen-, Renkonen-Index) Sciaridae and Ceratopogonidae of Baltic amber and Saxonian amber from Bitterfeld are compared. Despite of the age difference of the amber-bearing deposits of 13–18 Mio. years the included sciarids have a species identity of 34.2% (Jaccard-Index) and a dominance identity of 49.5% (Renkonen-Index). Because of the less carefully studied material from Saxonian amber the ceratopogonids have a species identity of only 9.5 % (Jaccard-Index) (Szadziewski 1993); remarkable is the dominance identity of 37 % (Renkonen-Index). Compared with the data from recent faunas the high degree of identity is the result of a pronounced similarity of the nematoceran faunas of Baltic and Saxonian amber. The ecofaunistic comparison of the sciarids and ceratopogonids provides evidence for two geographically separated amber producing forests. They are more closely related with respect to their age than indicated by the deposits.     

Der älteste Vertreter der Meropeidae (Mecoptera,Insecta)

A new genus and species of the Meropeidae (Mecoptera, Insecta) from the Middle Jurassic of Siberia (Russia) is described:Boreomerope antiqua gen. et sp. nov. It is the first known fossil of the family, and it shows some plesiomorphic characters as compared to the Recent meropeids. The systematic position ofBoreomerope is discussed.     

Eine neue Rubiaceen-Gattung aus der ägyptischen Flora

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Eine neue Poriferen-Fauna aus dem Septarienton (Oligozän, Rupelium) von Bad Freienwalde (NE-Deutschland) und der erste fossil erhaltene Vertreter der nicht-rigiden Hexactinelliden-GattungAsconema

The hexactinellid sponge fauna, which is described here for the first time, originates from the “Septarienton” (Rupelium, Oligocene) of the “Kirchenziegeleigrube” near Bad Freienwalde (NE Germany). This fauna includes lyssacinosan, as well as hexactinosan species, represented byAsconema oligocaena n. sp. (Hexasterophora, Lyssacinosa), the first occurrence of this genus from the fossil record,Aphrocallistes sp. (Hexasterophora, Hexactinosa), andHyalonema sp. (Amphidiscophora). The three-dimensional, pyritic body-preservation of these non-rigid sponges suggests fossiliyzation by rapid burial. Episodic mudflows are suggested to be responsible for this. The environment of deposition is suggested to have been a moderately shallow shelf, possibly in the distal range of a delta, characterised by relatively low sedimentation rates and no turbulence, except when disturbed by episodic mudflows. Low energy conditions are a precondition for the settlement of the described Hexactinellida.     

Eine Neubeschreibung der GattungEoeugnathus Brough, 1939 (Actinopterygii; Halecomorphi) aus der alpinen Mitteltrias Graubündens (Schweiz)

Kurzfassung  Die Strahlenflosser-GattungEoeugnathus Brough, 1939 (Actinopterygii) (alpine Mitteltrias, Ladin) wird anhand neuer Funde aus der Prosanto-Formation Graubündens (Ost-Schweiz) detailliert beschrieben und ihre systematische Stellung innerhalb der Subdivision Halecomorphi neu bewertet. Die morphologischen Untersuchungen ergeben, dass die derzeitige Zuordnung vonEoeugnathus zu den Para-semionotidae unsicher ist, dass hingegen aber eine deutliche Beziehungen zu den Vertretern der Halecomorphi Section B (Grande & Bemis 1998) besteht.      

Konstruktionsanatomische untersuchung des männlichen postabdomens von Calliphora erythrocephala Meigen (Insecta,Diptera)

The detailed depiction of the male postabdomen from the standpoint of the modern constructional anatomy of WEBER (1958) led to the finding of a postabdomen circumversum in connexion with the discovery of a duplicate chiastoneury.

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Abkürzungen in den Abbildungen A Anus - Aph Acrophallus - Baph Basiphallus - Bm Basalmembran - Br Bogenrand des Hypandriums - Ce Cercus - Ch ₁ Chiasma primum - Ch ₂ Chiasma secundum - Chlig Chitinligament - D Darm (Rectum) - De _1,2 erster und zweiter Ductus-Abschnitt - Diph Distiphallus - ejAp ejaculator Apodem - Ep Epandrium - Eph Epiphallus - Ezf Epithelzellenfortsatz - Fz Fettzelle - Gf Gelenkfortsatz - Gh Gelenkhöcker - Gpf Gelenkpfanne - hEpa hinterer Epandrialarm - Ho Hoden - Hoep Hodenepithel - Holz Hodenfettzelle - Hy Hypandrium - Hya Hypandrialarm - Hyap Hypandrialapodem - Hyph Hypophallus - Im Intermedium - Ish Intersegmental haut - Mb Membrana basalis - Mhyph Mesohypophallus - Nabd ₅ Nervus abdominis quintus - Nce Nervus cercalis - Nf Nervus fascicularis abdominis - Nsur Nervus surstylialis - Ntermd Nervus terminalis dexter - Nterms N. term. sinister - ocAp occlusorisches Apodem - Opa Opisthoparamer - Pa Paragonie - Paph Paraphallus - Pi Pigmentschicht - Phyph Pleurohypophallus - Piz Pigmentbildungszelle - Ph Phallus - Phap Phallapodem - Pl Processuslongus - Ppa Proparamer - Proc Proctiger - Ptr Peritrem - R distaler Rand der weichen Innenröhre des Phallus - Se Sekrettröpfchen - Sp Spermienpaket - Ssp Samenspritze - St5 Sternum 5 - Sti5 Stigma 5 - Sur Surstylus - Sy Syndese - T5 Tergum 5 - Te Terminalepithel - Tr Trachee - Vbg Verschlußbügel - Yd Vas deferens - vEpa vorderer Epandrialarm - WGh Wand der Genitalhöhle - wIr weiche Innenröhre des Phallus Inauguraldissertation der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Würzburg.     

Zur systematischen Stellung vonAustropanorpa (Insecta,Mecoptera) aus dem Alttertiär Australiens

Austropanorpa Riek, 1952 cannot be placed within the Panorpidae (Mecoptera), which are restricted to Eurasia and North America, since similarities betweenAustropanorpa and the Panorpidae are based on symplesiomorphies. A new family Austropanorpidae is erected, either being the sister-group of the Panorpidae + Panorpodidae or — in case that the branches of the media in the forewing are reduced to 4 independently from these two families — not being closely related to these.     

Checklist of the families Lonchopteridae and Phoridae?of Finland (Insecta,Diptera)

A checklist of the Lonchopteridae and Phoridae recorded from Finland is presented.     

Plattenanomalien beiEchinocorys sulcata (Goldfuss 1826) aus dem Dan (Alttertiär) von Dalbyover,Dänemark

In a collection of 2000 specimens of the echinoidEchinocorys sulcata from the Danian of Dalbyover, northern Jutland, Denmark, two percent of the coronae investigated show characteristic coronal plate anomalies which are largely missing in other echinoid species. These anomalies are formed by split coronal plates or mosaic-like plate arrangements instead of regularly grown plates. Plate anomalies occurring in ambulacral and interambulacral zones, classified into 14 different types, have been used for a statistical analysis. Data on the relative age of the echinoid animals with anormal coronal plates, and on the most abundant types of plate anomalies are given. Two specimens ofEchinocorys sulcata from the same locality show deviations from the regular pentameric pattern and comparable finds from other localities and of otherEchinocorys species were incorporated in the analysis. The anomalies described here are named forma aegrainconstans n.f. Literature data on echinoid coronal plate anomalies, which have been related to coronal deformations caused by evironmental parameters, are discussed.     

Paroodectes feisti,der erste Miacide (Carnivora,Mammalia) aus dem Mittel-Eozän von Messel

From the Middle Eocene (Lower Lutetian) Oil Shale of Messel near Darmstadt (South-Hesse) the first completely preserved Miacid is described. The systematic position of the Miacidae is discussed before. A short review of the paleogeographic (North-America, Eurasia) and stratigraphic (L. Paleocene — U. Eocene, ? U. Oligocene) distribution is given; the fossil record of European species is more detailed. The odontological features of the Messel-Miacid are nearest to the new world genusOodectes from the Bridger Basin (Bridgerian). No direct relationship exists to European species. The structure of the postcranial skeleton shows great conformity with Northamerican Miacinae. Differences result from proportions skull-length/ stature and length of vertebral column/length of limbs. A well developed clavicle is extant. Scaphoid, lunar, and central are distinct. The humerometacarpal index is low (≤ 30). Metatarsals are elongated. Hand und foot are paraxone and adapted to plantigrade locomotion. An arboricole habit is assumed. The nameParoodectes feisti n. g. n. sp. is proposed. The species is considered as a member of the subfamily Miacinae. Besides morphologic features of the Viverridae and some Procyonidae, there are possibly certain relationships to the Primates.     

Checklist of the families Scathophagidae,Fanniidae and?Muscidae of Finland (Insecta,Diptera)

A revised checklist of the Scathophagidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae recorded from Finland is presented. Phaonia amicula Villeneuve, 1922 is noted from Finland for the first time.