药物滥用者红细胞免疫功能的变化

通过检测红细胞C3b受体花环（RBC－C3bRR)、红细胞免疫复合物光环（RBC－ICR）、粘附增强因子活性（RFER）及抑制因子活性（RFIR）,观察了50例海洛因依赖者红细胞免疫功能的变化。结果表明,海洛因依赖者RBC－C3bRR、RFER明显下降（P＜0．01）,而RBC-ICR、RFIR则明显升高（P＜0．01）。本文对检测结果进行了初步探讨。     

中医药红细胞免疫强化作用的研究进展

近 10年来对红细胞免疫功能研究 ,证实红细胞免疫功能有清除免疫复合物 ,促进吞噬作用 ,识别抗原 ,提呈抗原 ,免疫调节。郭峰建立了简易的红细胞C3 b受体花环试验与红细胞免疫复合物花环试验 ,分别测定红细胞膜C3 b受体活性和红细胞膜上吸附免疫复合物的情况。红细胞的生成、发育及功能状态与中医脾、肾密切相关。中医“正邪斗争”就是红细胞免疫 ;中医辩证 ,就是红细胞识别抗原 ,提呈抗原 ;中药施治 ,就是红细胞清除循环免疫复合物 ,抗感染、抗病毒。中医药在肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病 (类风湿性关节炎、肾病综合症、I型糖尿病、牛皮癣 )艾滋病和肺气肿急性感染期等病治疗中 ,采用花环试验测定 ,结果显示RBC C3 bRR明显提高 ,RBC ICRR显著降低。能增强细胞免疫 ,促进淋巴细胞转化及E 玫瑰花环形成的中药很多 ,为提高红细胞免疫功能展现了广阔前景。至于血粘度和红细胞免疫的关系还有待进一步探讨。     

温度对中华大蟾蜍和中华鳖冬眠前离体红细胞免疫功能及其大小的影响

为了探讨温度变化对中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)和中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)离体红细胞免疫功能及细胞大小的影响,我们设计了10℃、20℃、30℃、37℃ 4个温度组,通过红细胞C3b受体花环试验和红细胞免疫复合物花环试验检测红细胞免疫活性,同时测量其红细胞大小.结果表明,温度对中华大蟾蜍离体红细胞C3b受体花环率影响显著,随着温度的升高,中华大蟾蜍离体红细胞C3b受体花环率逐渐降低,在30℃和37℃时,其红细胞C3b受体花环率明显比10℃时低;而温度对其离体红细胞免疫复合物花环率和红细胞大小却没有显著影响.温度对中华鳖离体红细胞C3b受体花环率、免疫复合物花环率及其大小亦没有显著影响.除了10℃时中华鳖离体红细胞免疫复合物花环率与中华大蟾蜍没有明显差别外,其余各温度下中华鳖离体红细胞C3b受体花环率和免疫复合物花环率均明显比中华大蟾蜍的高,而其红细胞的长径和短径却明显比中华大蟾蜍红细胞的小.这说明,温度能明显影响中华大蟾蜍离体红细胞免疫功能,而对中华鳖离体红细胞的免疫活性影响不明显,随着动物进化程度的提高,中华鳖红细胞对温度变化的适应能力和免疫活性比中华大蟾蜍明显增强.     

鸡红细胞免疫吸附性能与白细胞数量关系

应用红细胞C3b受体花环(G3b Receptor Rosette,G3bRR)和复合物花环(Immu Complex Rosette,ICR)试验证实鸡红细胞表面存在补体C3b受体(C3bR),表明红细胞免疫系统RCIS(Red Cell Immune System)的概念适用于这种动物;并且通过对鸡的白细胞的计数,证明了红细胞免疫吸附性能与白细胞数量之间存在一定的正相关性。     

硫丹对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

为了探讨有机氯农药硫丹对小鼠(Mus musculus)红细胞免疫功能的影响,设计了体内、外两组实验。体内实验:将40只小鼠随机分成4组,灌胃硫丹的量依次为:0、0.4、1.6、6.4mg/(kg·d)。灌胃25d后,取血测定红细胞的免疫功能。体外实验:将9只小鼠的红细胞分别与不同浓度的硫丹在体外培养,实验设空白对照组、溶剂丙酮组和4个不同浓度硫丹组,其6组实验所用硫丹的量依次为:0、0、5、10、20、40μg/ml。体外培养2h后,测定红细胞免疫粘附能力。结果表明,在活体实验中,随着硫丹浓度的增加,小鼠红细胞C3b受体花环率(ratio of C3b rosetting,C3bRR)明显下降,依硫丹灌胃浓度由低到高,其C3bRR依次为7.78%、6.80%、4.96%、4.33%;而循环免疫复合物花环率(ratio of immune complexes rosetting,ICRR)随着硫丹浓度升高而升高,分别为6.69%、6.31%、7.86%、9.42%。红细胞促NK细胞活性的功能在各组间没有显著差异。硫丹6.4mg/(kg·d)组小鼠红细胞对T淋巴细胞免疫粘附促进能力较其他3组明显降低。血浆中红细胞天然免疫促进因子活性在1.6mg/(kg·d)组和6.4mg/(kg·d)组较0mg/(kg·d)组明显降低。与溶剂丙酮组相比,血浆中红细胞天然免疫抑制因子活性在0.4mg/(kg·d)组明显下降,而在6.4mg/(kg·d)组却明显升高。离体红细胞经硫丹处理后其C3bRR显著降低,4个硫丹处理组依其浓度由低到高,C3bRR依次为:6.14%、5.56%、5.06%、4.44%;而ICRR却显著升高,分别为6.69%、6.31%、7.86%、9.42%。这表明,硫丹能抑制小鼠红细胞免疫粘附能力和红细胞对T淋巴细胞的正向调节功能,降低血浆中红细胞天然免疫促进因子活性,而对抑制因子活性影响比较复杂,低剂量时起抑制作用,而高剂量时能促进其活性。     

东北虎,云豹,金猫红细胞上C3b受体的测定

本文通过对健康的东北虎、云豹和金猫红细胞上C_(3b)受体和免疫复合物的检测,证实这三种动物的红细胞,除了具有免疫粘附,形成免疫复合物的花环(其花环率分别为7.00、6.50和5.67)外,还可通过其膜上的C_(3b)受体结合免疫复合物,形成C_(3b)受体的花环,其花环率分别为11.50、11.88和11.83。表明东北虎、云豹和金猫的红细胞具有较强的免疫功能。     

高住低练对游泳运动员红细胞免疫黏附功能及白细胞计数的影响

目的:了解高住低练对高水平游泳运动员血细胞天然免疫功能的影响。方法:6名女子游泳运动员进行2周高住低练,训练前、训练期间及恢复1周分别测试红细胞黏附功能、白细胞计数指标。结果:训练期间运动员红细胞C3b受体花环率(RBC-C3bRR)明显下降(P<0.05),红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RBC-ICR)明显上升(P<0.05),恢复1周后指标回归正常;白细胞、粒细胞在训练期总体上呈显著性下降(P<0.05),训练结束1周后恢复;单核细胞和淋巴细胞训练期间总体趋势是下降,训练结束1周后仍未恢复。结论:红细胞和粒细胞的天然免疫功能下降快,恢复快,但淋巴细胞、单核细胞计数恢复较慢,运动员对本次训练基本适应。     

双歧杆菌对窒息新生儿红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 :研究双歧杆菌活菌制剂对窒息新生儿红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 :窒息新生儿 38例随机分为金双歧治疗组 (简称治疗组 ) 2 0例和非金双歧治疗组 (简称对照组 ) 1 8例。于生后 2 4h内采血检测红细胞C3b受体花环率 (E C3bRR)和红细胞免疫复合物花环率 (E ICR) ,随后予以脱水、止惊等常规治疗 ,治疗组加金双歧 (双歧杆菌活菌制剂 )口服 7d ,并于第 7～ 8天各组再次抽血进行上述检测。结果 :生后第 1天两组新生儿E C3bRR和E ICR差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5) ;7～ 8d时治疗组E C3bRR为 (1 9 2 0±4 1 2 ) %显著高于对照组 (1 2 2 7%± 3 63 % ,p <0 0 5) ,E ICR为 (1 1 53± 3 1 8) %显著低于对照组(1 5 40 %± 3 0 2 % ,p <0 0 5)。 结论 :双歧杆菌可使红细胞免疫功能上调 ,从而增强窒息新生儿的抗感染能力和减轻脑的缺血性损伤     

恒河猴红细胞免疫功能的研究

本文应用花环法测定了健康恒河猴红细胞上C_(3b)受体和免疫复合物的数量。恒河猴红细胞上C_(3b)受体花环率的数量为12.83±1.95％,免疫复合物花环率为6.37±1.25％。研究结果表明恒河猴的红细胞,除了具有携氧、运输气体等功能外,还具有重要的免疫功能。     

中华鳖非特异性免疫功能的群体差异研究

从补体总量、红细胞C3 b受体花环率、红细胞天然免疫肿瘤细胞花环率、T淋巴细胞活性E花环率及白细胞吞噬活性五方面 ,探讨了黄河鳖、淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖、鄱阳湖鳖及太湖鳖在非特异性免疫功能上的差异。主要结果 :(1)在补体总量及红细胞天然免疫肿瘤细胞花环率上 ,五群体之间差异不显著 (F <0 .0 5 ) ;(2 )在红细胞C3 b受体花环率上 ,黄河鳖显著地高于鄱阳湖鳖与太湖鳖 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而其余群体间则差异不显著 (F <0 .0 5 ) ,花环率大小顺序为 :黄河鳖 >淮河鳖 >洞庭湖鳖 >鄱阳湖鳖 >太湖鳖 ;(3)在T淋巴细胞活性E花环率上 ,黄河鳖显著高于鄱阳湖鳖 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,太湖鳖极显著地低于其他四个群体 (F >0 .0 1) ,其余群体间则差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,花环率大小顺序为 :黄河鳖 >淮河鳖 >洞庭湖鳖 >鄱阳湖鳖 >太湖鳖 ;(4 )在白细胞吞噬活性上 ,除淮河鳖与鄱阳湖鳖差异不显著外 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,其余群体间则差异极显著 (F >0 .0 1) ,活性大小顺序为 :黄河鳖 >洞庭湖鳖 >淮河鳖 >鄱阳湖鳖 >太湖鳖。综上所述 ,在非特异性免疫功能上 ,黄河鳖最强 ,太湖鳖较弱。     

胸腹腔镜联合Ivor Lewis食管癌根治术对食管癌患者肺功能、红细胞免疫及应激反应的影响

目的:探讨胸腹腔镜联合Ivor Lewis食管癌根治术对食管癌患者红细胞免疫、肺功能及应激反应的影响。方法:选取2016年5月~2018年6月期间我院收治的食管癌患者150例。根据随机数字表法将患者分为A组(n=75)和B组(n=75),A组予以开胸Ivor Lewis食管癌根治术,B组予以胸腹腔镜联合Ivor Lewis食管癌根治术,比较两组围术期指标、肺功能、红细胞免疫、应激反应及并发症。结果:B组手术时间、住院时间短于A组,术中出血量少于A组(P<0.05);两组清扫淋巴结数目比较无差异(P>0.05)。两组术后1个月第1秒末用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力呼吸肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC均降低,但B组高于A组(P<0.05)。两组术后3d白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)均升高,但B组低于A组(P<0.05)。两组术后3d红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RBC-ICR)升高,但B组低于A组(P<0.05);红细胞C3b受体花环率(RBC-C3bRR)、肿瘤红细胞花环率(TRR)降低,但B组高于A组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:胸腹腔镜联合Ivor Lewis食管癌根治术治疗食管癌患者,可有效改善围术期各项指标,减轻对机体肺功能、红细胞免疫及应激反应的影响,且不增加并发症发生率。     

FMMU白化豚鼠免疫学特性研究

目的　通过测定补体含量、免疫球蛋白含量、淋巴细胞的转化率及红细胞免疫功能 ,比较FMMU白化豚鼠和花色豚鼠的免疫学特性。方法　利用自动生化分析仪测定FMMU白化豚鼠和普通花色豚鼠的免疫球蛋白含量 (IgG、IgA、IgM)、C3、C4含量及总补体水平 ;利用淋巴细胞转化实验测定淋巴细胞的转化率 ;利用红细胞免疫复合物 (immunocomplex ,IC)花环形成试验测定两种豚鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能。结果　FMMU白化豚鼠血清中免疫球蛋白含量 (IgG、IgA、IgM)、C3、C4含量及补体总活性均显著低于花色豚鼠 ;FMMU白化豚鼠淋巴细胞转化率比花色豚鼠略低 ;FMMU白化豚鼠红细胞C3bR花环形成率与花色豚鼠差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。而RBC IC花环率显著低于花色豚鼠 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　封闭群FMMU白化豚鼠具有独特的免疫学特性 ,总体免疫学功能低于花色豚鼠。     

The Effect of Long-Term Storage on Mycobacterium bovis

It was established that when stored for many years (10–13 years) in low-temperature conditions (3°C), without sub-culture on a nutrient medium, Mycobacterium bovis grew as visible colonies along the line of inoculation. However, due to long-term storage in conditions of low temperature (3°C) morphology of mycobacteria differed significantly from initial cultures formed by rod-shaped bacteria. Some of them became pigment-forming and smooth on the surface. Unlike the initial strain of mycobacteria, a perennial bacteria stored under hard conditions did not cause the death of guinea pigs or their sensitization to a purified protein derivative for mammals. Morphological forms of the perennial mycobacteria had the following changes: pigment forming, L-forms of the vesicular type, non-acid-fast thread-like (filamentous) bacillary forms, and elementary bodies when compared to the initial strain. There were also some genetic changes in the target DNA due to the long-term storage of M. bovis. It may indicate a mutation in the pathogen’s DNA. These mycobacteria had altered biochemical activity during storage. The number of passages on the solid nutrient medium did not affect their fermentative activity. However, the low cultivation temperature increases mycobacterial catalase activity and the ability to hydrolyze Tween-80.     

Complement receptor 1 gene variants are associated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a commonly performed test of the acute phase response, is the rate at which erythrocytes sediment in vitro in 1 hr. The molecular basis of erythrocyte sedimentation is unknown. To identify genetic variants associated with ESR, we carried out a genome-wide association study of 7607 patients in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) network. The discovery cohort consisted of 1979 individuals from the Mayo Clinic, and the replication cohort consisted of 5628 individuals from the remaining four eMERGE sites. A nonsynonymous SNP, rs6691117 (Val→IIe), in the complement receptor 1 gene (CR1) was associated with ESR (discovery cohort p = 7 × 10(-12), replication cohort p = 3 × 10(-14), combined cohort p = 9 × 10(-24)). We imputed 61 SNPs in CR1, and a "possibly damaging" SNP (rs2274567, His→Arg) in linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 0.74) with rs6691117 was also associated with ESR (discovery p = 5 × 10(-11), replication p = 7 × 10(-17), and combined cohort p = 2 × 10(-25)). The two nonsynonymous SNPs in CR1 are near the C3b/C4b binding site, suggesting a possible mechanism by which the variants may influence ESR. In conclusion, genetic variation in CR1, which encodes a protein that clears complement-tagged inflammatory particles from the circulation, influences interindividual variation in ESR, highlighting an association between the innate immunity pathway and erythrocyte interactions.     

肠淋巴液引流对失血性休克大鼠红细胞流变性的影响

目的:观察肠淋巴液引流对失血性休克大鼠红细胞流变性指标以及血液黏度的作用。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠均分为假休克组、休克组(复制失血性休克模型)、引流组(复制失血性休克模型,自低血压1 h引流休克肠淋巴液)。在低血压3 h或相应时间,经腹主动脉取血,检测红细胞参数、红细胞电泳、红细胞沉降率(ESR)以及血液黏度,计算红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变形指数。结果:与假休克组比较,休克组红细胞数量、红细胞比积(HCT)、血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞电泳率与迁移率、红细胞变形指数、全血黏度、全血低切与高切相对黏度和还原黏度显著降低,休克组平均红细胞体积、红细胞电泳时间、ESR、血沉方程K值与校正K值、红细胞聚集性指数、血浆黏度显著升高;引流组MCHC、红细胞电泳率与迁移率、全血黏度、全血低切与高切还原黏度均显著降低,引流组红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW-SD)显著增加。同时,引流组HCT、RDW-SD、红细胞变形指数、全血黏度、全血低切与高切相对黏度显著高于休克组;ESR、血沉方程K值与校正K值、红细胞聚集性指数、血浆黏度显著低于休克组。结论:休克肠淋巴液引流可改善失血性休克大鼠红细胞流变行为,从而改善血液流变性。     

Distinction between malignant L cells and normal mouse fibroblasts by rosette formation with sheep red blood cells.

Murine L cell fibroblasts, and derivatives were found to rosette with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Primary fibroblast explants from the parent murine strain, C3H, did not possess this potential. No rosettes were observed with primary fibroblast explants from C57BL and B10Br mice, with a human fetal lung fibroblast, with baby hamster fibroblasts or their polyoma transormed derivative, or with a cell line, 1T-22, derived from BALB/c mice. Hybridization of 1T-22 and L cells, by Sendai virus-mediated cell fusion, suppressed the rosette potential of the L cell parent. The receptor for SRBC on L cells appears to result from the expression of a recessive characteristic.     

Detection of human B cells and chronic myelocytic leukemic cells by rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes and fresh human sera.

A new method of detecting the C3b receptor is reported. A particular merit of this method is that anti-RBC rabbit antiserum is not required. Rosettes were formed with human B lymphocytes, B lymphoblasts and granulocytes, using sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) sensitized with fresh human serum (FHS). T lymphocytes and T lymphoblasts did not form rosettes. The percentage of cells forming rosettes with this method approximated the percentage of rosettes formed with EACm. However, FHS coated SRBC did not react with most cells of B cell type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), whereas EACm rosette formations showed a definite reaction. On the other hand, 34--58% of cells of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) bound with the indicator red cells. SRBC sensitized with fresh rabbit or guinea pig serum formed rosettes with PBL, tonsil cells, B lymphoblasts and granulocytes. Complement and IgM antibody were required for this reaction, as in EAC rosette formation.