Changes in serum inflammatory factor interleukin-6 levels and pathology of carotid vessel walls of rats with chronic periodontitis and diabetes mellitus after the periodontal intervention

ObjectiveThe effects of the periodontal intervention on rats with type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic periodontitis (CP) were explored through observing the changes in carotid artery pathology and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels.MethodsThe rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e. group A (the normal control group), group B (the T2DM control group), group C (the CP control group), group D (the T2DM + CP group), and group E (the periodontal intervention T2DM + CP group). Blood samples of rats were collected from angular veins respectively at the following 5 time nodes: 1 week before the intervention (T1), 1 week after the intervention (T2), 3 weeks after the intervention (T3), 5 weeks after the intervention (T4), and 7 weeks after the intervention (T5); IL-6 concentrations before and after the intervention were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the pathology of carotid arteries were observed by the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stain.ResultsThe pathological results of carotid arteries showed that the blood vessels of rats in group A were normal in morphology; most of the carotid artery vessel walls of rats in groups B, C, and D were significantly thickened and the fibers were disorderly arranged; the increased thickness of vessel walls of rats in group E was reduced, a small number of foam cells and inflammatory cells were observed, and the irregular arrangement of fibers was improved. In terms of the IL-6 concentrations, during the period of T1-T5, in groups B, C, and D, the IL-6 concentrations in rats were increased (P < 0.05); after the periodontal intervention, in group E, the IL-6 concentrations in rats were first increased then decreased (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn terms of the long-term effects, periodontal intervention may reduce the inflammations of patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis and improve the lesions of carotid arteries.     

Productive performance,fertility and hatchability,blood indices and gut microbial load in laying quails as affected by two types of probiotic bacteria

This study investigated two kinds of probiotic bacteria (Bacillus toyonensis, B1 and Bifidobacterium bifidum, B2) on laying Japanese quail’s performance, egg quality, fertility and hatchability, blood biochemical characteristics and microbiological parameters. A total of 270 mature quails (180 females and 90 males) were distributed into ten groups in a completely randomized design at eight weeks of age. The experimental groups were as follows: T1: basal diet only (control); T2-T5, basal diet plus 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.125% B1, respectively; T6: basal diet plus 0.10% B2; T7-T10: basal diet plus 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.125% B1 plus 0.05% B2, respectively. Results revealed that egg number (EN) and egg weight (EW) were gradually increased (P < 0.01) as the levels of both probiotic types increased. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (P < 0.05) better within the total experimental period (8–20 weeks) due to B1 alone or/with B2 supplementation. Values of yolk percentage (Y%) were statistically (P < 0.01) higher only at 8–20 weeks of age and T10 recorded the highest value. By increasing the level of probiotics, fertility and hatchability percentages (F% and H%) were gradually increased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Creatinine (CR) level was statistically reduced in birds fed T4 diet. Also, urea-N and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were reduced in treated birds. The opposite was found regarding alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Conclusively, using B1 and B2 enhanced the productive performance, some egg quality traits, fertility and hatchability, digestive enzyme activities, and reduced the harmful bacteria in the gut of laying Japanese quail. Our findings could recommend to apply T4 (basal diet + 0.10 % B1), T6 (basal diet + 0.10% B2) and T9 (basal diet + 0.10% B1 + 0.05% B2) levels for the best results.     

瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚在颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中的临床观察

目的：探讨瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚在颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析在我院行择期颅脑动脉瘤栓塞术的70例患者的临床资料,按照随机序号的方式将其分为观察组和对照组各35例,观察组患者采用瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚麻醉,对照组采用瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚麻醉,对两组麻醉诱导前1min（T1）、麻醉诱导后1min（T2）、插管时（T3）、手术开始后30min（T4）以及拔管时（T5）患者的血压、心率变化及清醒后拔管时间进行记录和分析。结果：两组患者在T2时收缩压（Systolic blood pressure,SBP）、舒张压（Diastolic blood pressure,DBP）和心率（HeartRate,HR）均较T1明显下降,比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组患者的清醒时间（5．1±1．5）min及拔管时间（15．5±7．5）min均明显短于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05o结论：在进行颅内动脉瘤栓塞术时,选择使用瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚的麻醉方式,可使患者血流动力学较为稳定,术后苏醒较快,值得在临床推广应用。     

右美托咪定联合去甲肾上腺素在全麻下腰椎手术中对患者围术期循环及术后恢复质量的影响

摘要 目的：探究右美托咪定联合去甲肾上腺素在全麻下腰椎手术中对患者围术期循环指标及术后恢复指标的影响。方法：选择2019年1月至2020年12月于我院接受治疗的68例行全麻下腰椎手术患者为研究对象,按照随机、双盲、对照的方式区分为研究组与对照组（每组各34例患者）,对照组患者术中应用右美托咪定,研究组患者在对照组基础上加用去甲肾上腺素,对比两组患者围术期血流动力学（血压、心率）变化、术中出血量、手术时间、麻醉时间、术后疼痛度、苏醒指标的影响。结果：比较显示术前（T0）、插管时（T1）两组患者的平均动脉压（Mean arterial pressure,MAP）与心率（heart rate,HR）组间差异不大（P>0.05）,但手术30 min（T2）、手术60 min（T3）、手术结束拔管（T4）时研究组MAP和HR均高于对照组（P<0.05）;研究组患者术中出血量与对照组比较无明显差异（P>0.05）,研究组患者麻醉时间低于对照组患者（P<0.05）;研究组患者苏醒躁动评分以及术后6 h疼痛度评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：全麻下腰椎手术患者联用右美托咪定与去甲肾上腺素能够显著稳定患者围术期血流动力学,缩短麻醉苏醒时间,且不增加术中出血量,不增加患者术后苏醒躁动及应激性疼痛现象,值得临床推广应用。     

Ameliorative effects of L-glutamine on haematological parameters in heat-stressed Red Sokoto goats

The aim of the study was to evaluate haematological responses in Red Sokoto goats (RSGs) administered with L-glutamine during the hot-dry season. Experimental animals included 28 clinically healthy RSGs divided into treated group (n = 14); each administered L-glutamine at 0.2 g/kg body weight, dissolved in 10 mL distilled water, and control group (n = 14); each administered 10 mL distilled water, per os once daily for 21 days. The ambient temperature and relative humidity recorded daily for 4 weeks were used to calculate the temperature-humidity index. Three millilitres of blood sample was collected from each goat by jugular venipuncture for haematology, while rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were also measured once weekly at weeks 0 (before), 1, 2, 3 (during) and 4 (after L-glutamine administration). The haematological, RT, HR and RR data obtained weekly were analysed using repeated-measures one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test to evaluate differences between periods, and between treated and control groups. The PCV, haemoglobin concentration and RBC count were higher (P < 0.05) in the treated group compared to the control group during the period of L-glutamine administration. These differences were sustained till week 4. Beginning from week 1 of the study, the total leucocyte count in treated group (10.10 ± 0.25 × 10³/μL) was higher (P < 0.05) than the count in control group (7.23 ± 0.41 × 10³/μL), this trend was also maintained throughout the study. The neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio during weeks 3 and 4 of the experiment was lower (P < 0.05) in the treated compared to the control group. RT was lower (P < 0.05) in treated group than the control group. In conclusion, L-glutamine administration ameliorated the adverse effects of heat stress on the haematological parameters in RSGs during the hot-dry season.     

术中肋间神经阻滞对肋骨骨折患者机体应激反应、血流动力学及术后生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：前瞻性研究术中肋间神经阻滞（IINB）对肋骨骨折（RF）患者机体应激反应、血流动力学及生活质量的影响。方法：选择2017年1月-2021年12月于成都医学院第一附属医院行胸腔镜手术治疗的RF患者70例,依据随机数字表法分为IINB组（n=35）与对照组（n=35）。对照组行静吸复合全麻,IINB组于对照组基础上行IINB。观察两组手术前（T0）,手术开始5 min（T1）、15 min（T2）、30 min（T3）及手术结束时（T4）平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）等血流动力学指标;术后恢复情况;术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h疼痛情况及镇痛补救率;术后1 d、3 d、7 d生存质量;术后3 d并发症等指标。结果：IINB组各时点MAP、HR均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。IINB组进食恢复时间、首次下床活动时间、留置胸管时间、术后住院时间均短于对照组（P＜0.05）。IINB组术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h VAS评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;IINB组镇痛补救率20.00%（7/35）低于对照组42.86%（15/35）（P＜0.05）。IINB组术后1 d、3 d、7 d各项生存质量评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。IINB组术后3 d并发症发生率2.86%（1/35）低于对照组22.86%（8/35）（P＜0.05）。结论：IINB可有效缓解RF患者疼痛及机体应激反应,维持术中血流动力学的稳定性,有效缓解术后疼痛,促进患者术后恢复,提高其生活质量,减少术后并发症。     

术中不同速率输注右美托咪定在全凭静脉麻醉中的量效关系研究

目的：以脑电双频指数（bispectral index,BIS）作为麻醉镇静程度指标,探讨不同速率输注右美托咪定（dexmedetomidine,DEX）对全凭静脉麻醉中丙泊酚用量,术中重要时点血液动力学及麻醉恢复质量的影响。方法：选择拟于全麻下行妇科腹腔镜手术的患者60例（ASAI～II级）,根据DEX输注速率不同随机分为四组,即D1、D2、D3和D4组,每组15例,麻醉诱导前四组均给予负荷剂量DEX0．5μg·kg-1,10min输注完毕,继而四组分别以0．2、0．4、0．6和0．8μg·kg^-1·h^-1输注速度持续输注至冲洗腹腔。四组麻醉诱导方法相同,术中以BIS作为麻醉深度指标,根据BIS值调节丙泊酚血浆靶浓度维持麻醉。记录入室用药前（T0）、DEX负荷量输注后（T1）、气腹即刻（T2）、气腹后5min（T3）、气腹后30min（T4）、解除气腹后5min（T5）、拔喉罩即刻（T6）、拔喉罩后1min（T7）时收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）、丙泊酚平均用量、苏醒时间、拔喉罩时间、拔喉罩后15rainOAA／s评分、术中及术后24小时内不良反应的发生情况。结果：①D2、D3、D4组丙泊酚平均用量较D1组明显减少（P〈0．05）,D3、D4组丙泊酚平均用量较D：组明显减少（P〈0．05）。D3、D4组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。②与T0比较,Tl～T2时四组SBP、DBP、HR降低（P〈0．05）,T3～T4时D3、D4组SBP、DBP、HR降低（P〈0．05）,D1、D2组SBP、DBP无明显变化（P〉0．05）,T5～T7时四组SBP、DBP、HR降低（P〈0．05）;D3、D4组在T3～T4时SBP、DBP较D1、D2组明显降低（P〈O．05）,D1、D2两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,D3、D4两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。③D4组苏醒时间、拔喉罩时间、较Dlq组明显延长（P〈0．05）,D4组OAA／s评分较D1-3组明显降低（P〈0．05）。④D4组使用阿托品次数较D1-3组明显增多（P〈0．05）,四组术中使用麻黄碱次数和术后24小时内恶心、呕吐、寒战差异无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：在妇科腹腔镜手术中,DEX作为全身麻醉辅助用药,负荷剂量0．5μg·kg-1,术中持续输注速率0．4μg·kg-1·h-1可以有效降低丙泊酚用量,使围手术期的血流动力学保持平稳,不延长苏醒时间和拔喉罩时间,且不良反应更少,值得临床推广应用。     

静脉全麻联合超声引导下前锯肌平面+肋间神经阻滞应用于胸腔镜肺楔形切除术效果分析

摘要 目的：探讨静脉全麻联合超声引导下前锯肌平面+肋间神经阻滞应用于胸腔镜肺楔形切除术效果。方法：选择2021年10月至2022年12月来我院诊治的60例行胸腔镜肺楔形切除术患者,根据随机数字表法,将60例患者分为对照组（30例）与观察组（30例）,对照组30例患者行全麻联合胸椎旁阻滞+肋间神经阻滞的麻醉方法,观察组30例患者行全麻联合前锯肌＋肋间神经阻滞的麻醉方法。对比两组患者监测入室时（T0）、插管即刻（T1）、手术切皮时（T2）、拔管即刻（T3 ）时的平均动脉压及心率,对比两组患者术后2 h、4 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的静息、咳嗽状态下的疼痛评分,对比两组患者T0-T3点的应激反应指标,对比两组患者术中血管活性药的使用剂量,对比两组患者围术期的不良反应发生率。结果：与T0点相比,观察组在T1、T2、T3时的平均动脉压、心率均有明显增加（P<0.05）,而在T1点时,两组比较无差异（P>0.05）;T2、T3点时观察组的平均动脉压、心率明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。随着术后时间延长,两组静息、咳嗽状态下的疼痛评分明显降低（P<0.05）,而同时间点组间对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与T0点相比,观察组在T1、T2、T3时的肿瘤坏死因子、白介素6、白介素10水平均有明显增加（P<0.05）,而同时间点观察组与对照组对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组术中血管活性药的使用剂量明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。观察组的不良反应发生率16.77%低于对照组23.33%,但组间对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：行静脉全麻联合超声引导下前锯肌平面+肋间神经阻滞的胸腔镜肺楔形切除术者血流动力学更加稳定,术中所需血管活性药物用量明显降低。     

DNA methylation and histone deacetylation regulating insulin sensitivity due to chronic cold exposure

In this study, we investigated the causal relationship between chronic cold exposure and insulin resistance and the mechanisms of how DNA methylation and histone deacetylation regulate cold-reduced insulin resistance. 46 adult male mice from postnatal day 90–180 were randomly assigned to control group and cold-exposure group. Mice in cold-exposure group were placed at temperature from -1 to 4 °C for 30 days to mimic chronic cold environment. Then, fasting blood glucose, blood insulin level and insulin resistance index were measured with enzymatic methods. Immunofluorescent labeling was carried out to visualize the insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), Obese receptor (Ob-R, a leptin receptor), voltage-dependent anion channel protein 1 (VDAC1), cytochrome C (cytC), 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) positive cells in hippocampal CA1 area. Furthermore, the expressions of some proteins mentioned above were detected with Western blot. The results showed: ① Chronic cold exposure could reduce the insulin resistance index (P < 0.01) and increase the number of IRS2 positive cells and Ob-R positive cells in hippocampus (P < 0.01). ② The expressions of mitochondrial energy-relative proteins, VDAC1 and cytC, were higher in cold-exposure group than in control group with both immunohistochemical staining and Western blot (P < 0.01). ③ Chronic cold exposure increased DNA methylation and histone deacetylation in the pyramidal cells of CA1 area and led to an increase in the expression of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and DNA methylation relative enzymes (P < 0.01). In conclusion, chronic cold exposure can improve insulin sensitivity, with the involvement of DNA methylation, histone deacetylation and the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism. These epigenetic modifications probably form the basic mechanism of cold-reduced insulin resistance.     

瑞芬太尼对急性高容量血液稀释后颅内动脉瘤夹闭术患者脑氧代谢以及术后认知功能的影响

目的:探究瑞芬太尼对急性高容量血液稀释(AHH)后颅内动脉瘤夹闭术患者脑氧代谢以及术后认知功能的影响。方法:选择2015年5月至2016年12月期间在我院进行颅内动脉瘤夹闭术的92例患者作为研究对象,并将其随机均衡分为研究组和对照组,每组46例,研究组给予瑞芬太尼治疗,对照组给予硝酸甘油治疗。对两组患者AHH前(T0)、AHH后(T1)、降压前(T2)、降压后30 min(T3)、动脉瘤夹闭术后5 min(T4)等时间点的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)进行记录,在T2-T4时间点对颈内静脉球部血、桡动脉血两处位置的动、静脉血氧饱和度(SAO_2、SjvO_2)、动脉血氧分压(PAO_2)、静脉血氧分压(PjvO_2)进行统计,计算动脉氧含量(CAO_2)、颈内静脉氧含量(CjvO_2)、动脉颈内静脉球部血氧差(Da-jvO_2)、颈内静脉球部动脉乳酸差(VADL)和脑氧摄取率(CERO_2)。在术前、术后3 d、术后7 d采用简易智力状态量表(MMSE)对两组患者的认知功能进行评估。结果:相对于T2时间点,在T3、T4时间点,两组患者MAP均出现显著降低(P0.05);对照组患者HR显著升高,研究组患者HR显著降低(P0.05)。两组患者SaO_2均为100.00%,在T3、T4时间点研究组SjvO_2、CjvO_2显著高于T2时间点,且较对照组患者升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),Da-jvO_2、CERO_2显著低于T2时间点,且较对照组患者降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。PaO_2、CaO_2、PjvO_2、VADL组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术前、术后3 d、术后7 d两组患者的MMSE评分比较均无统计学差异(P0.05),术前、术后7 d两组患者的MMSE评分均高于术后3 d的MMSE评分(P0.05)。结论:瑞芬太尼对急性高容量血液稀释进行颅内动脉瘤夹闭术,能够有效维持患者机体血流动力学稳定,同时还可以对脑氧代谢率进行有效控制,相对于硝酸甘油进行急性高容量血液稀释,瑞芬太尼优势较为明显,但对于认知功能无明显的改善作用。     

右美托咪定预先给药对高血压冠心病患者诱导插管时血流动力学及应激反应的影响

目的:探讨右美托咪定预先给药对高血压冠心病患者诱导插管时血流动力学及应激反应的影响。方法:将我院2012年7月-2013年3月择期行腹部手术且合并高血压冠心病患者50例随机均分为实验组(麻醉诱导前15 min静脉泵入剂量为1.0μg/kg的右美托咪定稀释液15 m L)和对照组(麻醉诱导前15 min静脉泵入15 m L生理盐水),监测并记录两组患者在不同时刻的BP、HR、RPP,抽取静脉血测定血浆NE和E的浓度。结果:(1)与T0时刻相比,对照组患者的心率、血压、RPP在T1-T5各时刻是先有所下降后又上升的(P0.05),其中对照组RPP在T3时明显上升(P0.01),然而实验组内在各时刻变化不明显(P0.05),两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)与T0时刻进行比较,对照组患者血浆NE和E的含量水平在T3、T4时刻明显上升(P0.05),而实验组则变化不明显,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪定预先给药用于缓解高血压冠心病患者诱导插管时心血管反应效果显著,值得临床推广应用。     

Expression and pathogenesis of VCAM-1 and VLA-4 cytokines in multiple myeloma

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the expression of Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and very late appearing antigen-4 (VLA-4) cytokines in MM (multiple Myeloma).MethodForty patients with MM are selected as the experimental group and 30 healthy persons as the control group. Flow cytometry is used to detect the expression of VCAM-1 (CD106), VLA-4 (CD49d), CD38 and CD138 antigens in experimental group and control group. ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is used to detect the concentration of VCAM-1 in serum of experimental group and control group. RT-PCR is used to detect the expression of VCAM-1.ResultsThe positive rate and antigen expression rate of VACM-1 antigen in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were statistical differences of VLA-4 and VCAM-1 antigens between the initial diagnosis group and the relapse/refractory group, and between the relapse/refractory group and the platform stage group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between VLA-4 antigen and VACM-1 antigen, phase I and phase II, and between phase I and phase III (P < 0.05). The concentration of VCAM-1 and the expression of VCAM-1 mRNA in the experimental group were significantly higher than (P < 0.01). In the different stages of ISS (International Staging System) and different disease groups in the experimental group, the concentration of VCAM-1 and the expression level of VCAM-1 mRNA are significantly different among the three groups of stage I, II and III (P < 0.01). There is a significant difference between the initial diagnosis group, the relapse/refractory group and the platform group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThere are abnormal expressions of adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and VLA-4 in multiple myeloma patients, which are related to ISS staging.     

喉罩通气下七氟醚全凭吸入麻醉在小儿先天性心脏病介入手术的临床麻醉效果

目的:探讨喉罩通气下七氟醚全凭吸入麻醉在小儿先天性心脏病介入手术的临床麻醉效果。方法:选取2017年4月～2019年5月期间我院收治的行先天性心脏病介入手术患儿98例,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=49)和研究组(n=49)。对照组给予氯胺酮诱导,全凭丙泊酚维持,面罩吸氧;研究组给予全凭七氟醚诱导、维持,喉罩通气。比较两组患儿麻醉前(T0)、切皮前(T1)、切皮后1 min(T2)、切皮后30 min(T3)、术后(T4)的血流动力学指标[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)]及应激反应指标[血糖、皮质醇],记录两组患儿手术时间、麻醉诱导时间、术后苏醒时间等围术期指标情况。记录两组围术期不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组手术时间、麻醉诱导时间、术后苏醒时间均短于对照组(P0.05)。两组T0时间点血糖、MAP、皮质醇、HR比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);对照组T1～T4时间点MAP、血糖、皮质醇、HR均较T0升高(P0.05);研究组T1～T4时间点血糖、MAP、皮质醇、HR与T0时间点比较无差异(P0.05);研究组T1～T4时间点血糖、MAP、皮质醇、HR低于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。结论:小儿先天性心脏病介入手术中应用喉罩通气下七氟醚全凭吸入麻醉,诱导迅速且安全、术后苏醒快、手术时间短,可有效维持血流动力学稳定,减少应激反应。     

右美托咪定复合小剂量艾司氯胺酮对髋骨骨折老年患者术后早期认知功能和应激反应的影响

摘要 目的：探讨右美托咪定复合小剂量艾司氯胺酮对髋骨折老年患者术后早期认知功能和应激反应的影响。方法：选取110例髋骨骨折老年患者，按照随机数字表法分为观察组（采用右美托咪定复合小剂量艾司氯胺酮麻醉）55例与对照组（采用右美托咪定麻醉）55例。观察两组的血流动力学、疼痛程度、应激反应、认知功能以及不良反应。结果：在T1、T2、T3、T4点，观察组患者的舒张压（diastolic blood pressure，DBP）、收缩压（systolic blood pressure，SBP）、心率（heart rate，HR）均低于对照患者（P<0.05）。观察组术后6 h、12 h、24 h疼痛评分均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。麻醉前，两组患者的应激反应比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）；术后6 h，观察组去甲肾上腺素、促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇低于对照组患者（P＜0.05）。观察组术后1 d认知功能评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组恶心、呕吐、低血压、头痛等不良反应发生率比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：右美托咪定复合小剂量艾司氯胺酮能够提高髋骨骨折老年患者术后早期认知功能，维持稳定血流动力学，减轻疼痛感，改善应激反应，安全性较高。     

Mechanisms of DHEA-induced AMH increase in the ovarian tissues of PCOS rat

The present study aimed to build a DHEA-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model to evaluate the potential mechanism of DHEA-induced AMH rise in these rat ovarian tissues. A total of 36 female 3-week-old rats were allocated into two groups at random. The control group received merely the same amount of sesame oil for 20 days while the experimental group received 0.2 mL of sesame oil Plus DHEA 6 mg/100 g daily. Both groups' vaginal opening times were noted, and vaginal smears were taken. By using RT-qPCR and Western blot, the mRNA and protein expression of AMH, GATA4, SF1, and SOX9 in the ovarian tissues of the two groups was investigated.The rats in the experimental group appeared to have obvious disorders of the estrus cycle, as evidenced by the ratio of estrus being significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); HE staining revealed that the ovarian volume, follicular vacuoles, and follicular lumen of the rats in the experimental group increased significantly.The ELISA results revealed that T and AMH in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at day 15 and 20. AMH、GATA4 and SF1 mRNA and protein expression were higher in the experimental group than in the control group on day 15 and 20 (P < 0.05). On day 20, the experimental group outperformed the control group (P < 0.05). In the DHEA-induced PCOS rat model, androgen may have enhanced AMH expression via increasing the expression of genes associated to the AMH promoter binding site (GATA4, SF1, SOX9).     

Dexmedetomidine protects against degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and improves motor activity in Parkinson's disease mice model

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the result of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal death in the substantianigra pars compacta (SNc). Current treatments for PD such as L-dopa are limited in effectiveness and fail to address the cause. Targeted anti-inflammatory therapies, particularly directed at nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) activity in alleviating degeneration of DA-neurons is of evolving interest. In the present study, we hypothesised that dexmedetomidine (DEX), an alpha-2 receptor adrenergic agonist, suppress the inflammatory responses associated with PD and restores dopaminergic levels by alleviating substantia nigral degeneration. Male mice (C57Bl/10, 8–11 months old and of 34–40 g of weight) were divided into: the control, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and MPTP + dexmedetomidine (MPTP + DEX) (n = 26 each group). Dex restored dopamine levels in SNpc of MPTP-induced PD mice model. Results of immunohisto staining revealed that Dex treatment post-MPTP induction restored TH-positive cells, with only 12.37% increase (^##p < 0.01 vs MPTP) on the third day and a steep 55% increase (^###p < 0.001 vs MPTP) following the seventh day of Dex treatment. Moreover, the expressions of proinflammatory markers regulated by NF-κB were diminished in Dex + MPTP group. In addition, cylinder test revealed that Dex treatment improved asymmetric limb usage pattern in MPTP induced mice over the course of 7 days. Hence, in this study, we provided insight on the effect of Dex in the inhibition of NF-κB1 regulated proinflammatory mediators to improve dopamine levels and reduce SNpc dopaminergic neuronal degeneration.     

A protective effect of curcumin on cardiovascular oxidative stress indicators in systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats

ObjectiveInflammation has been considered as an important factor in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Curcumin has been well known for its anti-inflammatory effects. In current research, protective effect of curcumin on cardiovascular oxidative stress indicators in systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated in rats.Material and methodsThe animals were divided into five groups and received the treatments during two weeks [1]: Control in which vehicle was administered instead of curcumin and saline was injected instead of LPS [2], LPS group in which vehicle of curcumin plus LPS (1 mg/kg) was administered [3-5], curcumin groups in them three doses of curcumin (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) before LPS were administered.ResultsAdministration of LPS was followed by an inflammation status presented by an increased level of white blood cells (WBC) (p < 0.001). An oxidative stress status was also occurred after LPS injection which was presented by an increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) while, a decrease in thiols, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase(CAT) in all heart, aorta and serum (p < 0.001). The results also showed that curcumin decreased WBC (doses: 10 and 15 mg/kg) (p < 0.001) accompanying with a decrease in MDA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001). Curcumin also improved the thiols and the activities of SOD and catalase (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001).ConclusionBased on our findings, curcumin can ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation induced by LPS in rats to protect the cardiovascular system.     

Involvement of INF-γ functional single nucleotide polymorphism +874 T/A (rs2430561) in breast cancer risk

According Global Cancer Statistics 2020 GLOBOCAN estimates female breast cancer was found as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), and the fourth leading cause (6.9%) of cancer death among women worldwide. Identification of new diagnostic marker sharply characterize the tumor feature is intensive need. The present work was performed to investigate the involvement of the INF-γ + 874 T/A gene polymorphism in different breast cancer prognostic factors. Polymorphism detection analysis was performed on 163 subjects from breast cancer patients, 79 with inflamed cells of breast patients and 144 controls. The gene polymorphism was detected using the amplification refractory mutation system- polymerase chain reaction method (ARMS-PCR). The distribution of INF-γ T + 874A gene polymorphism shows strong significant association between INF-γ + 874 T/A genotypes TT in BC patients (ORTT: 6.41 [95% CI = 2.72–15.1] P < 0.0001) as well as strong significant association regarding T allele (ORT: 1.99 [95% CI = 1.43–2.76] P < 0.0001) when compared to the healthy control. In ICB group the strong association was noted with INF-γ + 874 T/A genotypes AT genotype (ORAT: 2.28 [95% CI = 1.22–4.29] P = 0.007). From the different histological BC hormonal markers the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was showing significant association in INF-γ + 874 T/A genotypes TT (P = 0.03) and recessive model (TT versus AA + AT P = 0.03). Concerning different BC prognostic models, the poor prognostic one of luminal B, (ER^+ve PR^+ve Her2^+ve) show significant association in the host INF-γ + 874 T/A genotype (TT, P = 0.03) and recessive model (TT versus AA + AT P = 0.02) when compared to the good prognostic hormonal status luminal A model, (ER^+ve PR^+ve Her2-ve). It seems that this is the first study that interested in correlate the INF-γ + 874 T/A gene polymorphisms in Egyptian BC patients. T allele, TT genotype and recessive model of the INF-γ + 874 T/A gene variants were documented as risk factors for BC pathogenesis. It may be used as practical biomarker to guide the BC carcinogenesis and risk process.     

连续胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉对乳腺癌根治手术患者血流动力学、应激反应及生存质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨连续胸椎旁神经阻滞（TPVB）联合全身麻醉对乳腺癌根治手术患者血流动力学、应激反应及生存质量的影响。方法：选择2017年2月~2019年8月期间于我院行乳腺癌根治手术的乳腺癌患者125例,按照随机数字表法分为A组62例和B组63例,A组给予全身麻醉,B组给予TPVB联合全身麻醉,对比两组血流动力学、应激反应、生存质量、疼痛及不良反应。结果：两组插管前（T1）~拔管时（T4）时间点平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）均较麻醉前（T0）升高,但B组T1~T4时间点MAP、HR低于A组（P<0.05）。B组术后1 d肾上腺素、血糖、去甲肾上腺素及多巴胺水平低于A组（P<0.05）。两组术后6个月躯体角色、躯体功能、情感角色、社会功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力以及心理健康评分均较术前升高（P<0.05）。B组术后4 h、术后12 h、术后24 h安静时视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分 、运动时VAS评分低于A组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应总发生率对比未见统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：TPVB联合全身麻醉应用于乳腺癌根治手术患者,可减轻机体应激反应,维持血流动力学平稳,减轻术后疼痛,且不增加不良反应发生率,对生存质量无显著影响。     

Slow freezing versus vitrification technique for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation: An evaluation of histological changes,WNT signaling pathway and apoptotic genes expression

This study compared slow freezing and vitrification of ovarian tissue by evaluation of histological changes, WNT signaling pathway and apoptotic genes expression. Ovarian tissue was obtained from women aging 27–38 years old. Ovarian cortex from each patient was divided into three pieces and randomly grouped as slow freezing, vitrification and control groups for investigation of WNT signaling gene expression and β-CATENIN presence as well as histological studies. The stromal structure of all ovaries were preserved. The number of secondary follicles decreased in vitrified group (P < 0.05). WNT-3, β-CATENIN, FZD-2 and GSK-3β expressions were significantly higher in slow frozen and vitrified groups, compared to control group (P < 0.05). On the contrary, AXIN1 expression in slow frozen samples were significantly lower than that of the vitrified and control group. The expression of apoptotic genes, excluding CASP3, was significantly decreased in slow-frozen samples (P < 0.05). Conversely, BAX:BCL-2 percentage significantly increased in vitrification versus slow freezing and control(P < 0.05). Follicles in slow frozen samples displayed nuclear and cytoplasmic β-CATENIN staining, while control and vitrification groups only showed β-CATENIN protein in the cytoplasm. The presented data show that slow freezing results in a better preservation regardless of the type of follicle. Therefore, it is concluded that slow freezing is still an ideal method for ovary cryopreservation.