Interaction of poly- ,L-glutamic acid with acridine orange

Interaction of poly-α,L -glutamic acid (PGLA) with acridine orange (AO) was studied with circular dichroism and absorption spectra measurements. The following results were observed: (1) the addition of a comparable amount of AO with the glutamyl residue to the PLGA solution at pH of 4.5 reduced the fraction of helix of the polymer; (2) when AO was added to the PGLA solution, the pH range of the helix-coil transition of the polymer shifted toward higher pH regions; and (3) when the mixture of the same amount of AO and the glutamyl residue was brought to the neutral and alkaline pH region, some induced circular dichroism bands were observed. In this case, it was assumed that PLGA in the system takes a helical form due to the neutralization of the anionized side chains by the cationic species of AO. We concluded that AO molecules bound to the carboxylate groups of the side chains of PLGA arrange to from a righthanded super-helix which surrounds the core of the righthanded α-helix of PLGA.     

Inactivation of potent pyrolysate mutagens by chlorinated tap water

The potent mutagens 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2, 62450-07-1), 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido-[1,2-a:3', 2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1, 67730-11-4) and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ, 76180-96-6), isolated from pyrolysates of tryptophan and glutamic acid and from broiled sardines, respectively, were effectively degraded by chlorinated tap water with a concomitant loss of mutagenicity toward Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The half-life of 10 microM IQ in the presence of 1.5 ppm of residual chlorine was less than 10 sec; those of Glu-P-1 and Trp-P-2 were 0.5-1 and 2-3 min, respectively. This means that a glass of chlorinated tap water (150 ml) containing 1.5 ppm of residual chlorine can break down about 200 micrograms of these pyrolysate mutagens within a couple of minutes.     

酶法转化L-谷氨酸生产a-酮戊二酸

利用L-谷氨酸氧化酶(LGOX),对酶法转化L-谷氨酸生产α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)的工艺条件进行了研究。首先对野生菌链霉菌Streptomyces sp.FMME066进行亚硝基胍诱变,获得一株遗传性状稳定的突变株Streptomyces sp.FMME067;突变株在最优培养基(g/L):果糖10,蛋白胨7.5,KH2PO4 1,CaCl2 0.05条件下,LGOX酶活为0.14 U/mL。LGOX的生化特征为最适pH 8.5、温度35℃,Mn2+是激活剂。对LGOX转化L-谷氨酸生产α-KG的条件进行优化,在最优条件下转化24 h,α-KG产量为38.1 g/L,转化率为81.4%。研究结果为开发LGOX酶法转化生产α-KG的工业化奠定了坚实的基础。     

Interaction of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid with DNA

Glycyrrhizin (GL), a molecule of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), is an aqueous extract from licorice root. These compounds are well known for their anti-inflammatory, hepatocarcinogenesis, antiviral, and interferon-inducing activities. This study is the first attempt to investigate the binding of GL and GA with DNA. The effect of ligand complexation on DNA aggregation and condensation was investigated in aqueous solution at physiological conditions, using constant DNA concentration (6.25?mM) and various ligands/polynucleotide (phosphate) ratios of 1/240, 1/120, 1/80, 1/40, 1/20, 1/10, 1/5, 1/2, and 1/1. Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopic methods were used to determine the ligand binding modes, the binding constants, and the stability of ligand-DNA complexes in aqueous solution. Spectroscopic evidence showed that GL and GA bind DNA via major and minor grooves as well as the backbone phosphate group with overall binding constants of K(GL-DNA)=5.7×10(3) M(-1), K(GA-DNA)=5.1×10(3) M(-1). The affinity of ligand-DNA binding is in the order of GL>GA. DNA remained in the B-family structure, whereas biopolymer aggregation occurred at high triterpenoid concentrations.     

L-谷氨酸温度敏感突变株的选育

采用黄色短杆菌TJ1为出发菌株,根据代谢控制发酵原理,利用紫外线、硫酸二乙酯进行诱变,定向选育出具有寡霉素抗性、谷氨酸氧肟酸盐抗性的温度敏感突变株TMGO106。然后,以温度敏感突变株TMGO106和产酸率高（10.5%以上）的天津短杆菌TG961为新株,通过原生质体融合技术,成功地选育出了产酸率高的融合子CN1021（13．6g/dl,糖酸转化率达60％）,在6m^3发酵罐上中试其L－谷氨酸产量达14．6％,糖酸转化率达62．8％,并且该菌株系温度敏感型菌株,可用于谷氨酸强度发酵。     

Production of L-glutamic acid from hydrocarbons: Incorporation of molecular oxygen

The production of L -glutamic acid from hydrocarbons by a newly isolated bacterium, which was identified as Corynebacterium, was investigated. The outstanding characteristic of this bacterium was found to be an accessory requirement of thiamine for growth. The optimum concentration of thiamine for growth was 50 μg./liter, while that for L -glutamic acid production was 3–5 μg./liter. n-Paraffins ranging from dodecane to heptadecane were best for L -glutamic acid production, and about 5 g. of L -glutamic acid were obtained from 30 g. of these individual n-paraffins. On the other hand, a tracer experiment using oxygen-18 revealed that molecular oxygen was incorporated into L -glutamic acid produced from dodecane. Based on the incorporation value of molecular oxygen in L -glutamic acid, a hypothetical pathway for the biosynthesis of L -glutamic acid from dodecane was discussed.