UeberUredo Polypodii (Pers.)

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见血封喉的组织培养

1植物名称见血封喉[Antiaris toxicaria(Pers.) Lesch.],又名箭毒木、加独。2材料类型枝条。3培养条件以MS为基本培养基。(1)芽诱导培养基:MS 6-BA 2.5 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) NAA 0.5 3%蔗糖;(2)增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 3.0 KT 1.0 NAA 0.5 3%蔗糖;(3)生根培养基:I/2MS NAA 1.0 0.2 g·L~(-1)活性炭 3%蔗糖。以上培养基均加入8 mg·L~(-1)卡拉胶,pH 5.8～6.2。培养温度25～28     

Pollen development in a submerged plant,Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. (Hydrocharitaceae)

Exine structure and its developmental program in a submerged plant,Ottella alismoides (L.) Per. were investigated with scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Verrucate protrusions initiate on microspore plasma membrane at early tetrad stage. The verrucate protrusions develop into spines during free microspore stage. A foot layer is formed by accumulation of lamellated structure. The pollen grains ofOttelia alismoides are inaperturate, not omniaperturate, because of the well-developed foot layer. The inaperturate pollen grains ofOttelia are characterized by the spinous protrusions and the granular foot layer.     

Scapania calcicola (Am. & Pers.) Ingham in Scotland

Scapania calcicola, previously recorded only from Creag an Lochain nr. Killin, Perthshire, is reported here as being widespread on calcareous mica schist and basalt rocks in Scotland. The taxonomic features distinguishing it from S. aequiloba are critically assessed. Although some of the characters used by previous workers to separate the two taxa are confirmed, others are shown to have very limited use, and still others which were neglected are shown to he specifically diagnostic. S. calcicola is also compared with other members of the genus with which confusion is likely and its ecology is described in detail.     

影响农杆菌介导狗牙根遗传转化的因素

农杆菌LBA4404/pCAMBIA1301介导转化狗牙根的体系中,遗传转化的最佳优化条件是:胚性愈伤组织预培养10 d,农杆菌菌液浓度为OD600 0.5～0.8,共培养时间为2d.共培养基中添加100μmol·L-1乙酰丁香酮能有效地提高植物瞬时表达率.侵染处理方法中滤纸滴加法比浸泡法效果更好.黑暗条件下的瞬时表达率比12 h光照/12 h黑暗培养条件下的高.在最佳优化条件下狗牙根的GUS瞬时表达率达到36.36%.     

Azorhizobium doebereinerae sp. Nov. Microsymbiont of Sesbania virgata (Caz.) Pers

Thirty-four rhizobium strains were isolated from root nodules of the fast-growing woody native species Sesbania virgata in different regions of southeast Brazil (Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro States). These isolates had cultural characteristics on YMA quite similar to Azorhizobium caulinodans (alkalinization, scant extracellular polysaccharide production, fast or intermediate growth rate). They exhibited a high similarity of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics among themselves and to a lesser extent with A. caulinodans. DNA:DNA hybridization and 16SrRNA sequences support their inclusion in the genus Azorhizobium, but not in the species A. caulinodans. The name A. doebereinerae is proposed, with isolate UFLA1-100 (=BR5401, =LMG9993=SEMIA 6401) as the type strain.     

Development of Sporangiophores of Peronospora parasitica (Pers. ex Fr.) Fr.

The morphology of developing sporangiophores of Peronosporaparasitica from wallflower is described, and morphogenesis maybe divided into the following five stages: the sporangiophoreprimordium, unbranched sporangiophore, branched sporangiophore,spore formation and maturation, and formation of the cross wall.The growth of individual sporangiophores in a humidity chamberwas followed under the microscope, and increase in height andincrease in volume measured. The greatest increase in volumewas during spore formation, when the sporangiophore volume mightquadruple within an hour.     

寄生霜霉Peronospora parasitica(Pers.)Fr.孢子囊萌发方式的观察

<正>寄生霜霉Peronospora parasitica(Pers.)Fr.主要为害十字花科植物,引起许多蔬菜及油菜的霜霉病,常造成严重损失,寄主范围较广,常见寄主有油菜、甘蓝、花椰菜、白菜、芥菜、萝卜等,是霜霉属最重要的种之一(陆家云2001;张中义等1986)。侵染白菜引起白菜霜霉病。白菜小苗被害时,初在叶背     

Herbicide Tolerance and Polyploidy in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Gramineae)

Responses to treatment with the herbicide dalapon have beendetermined and the karyotypes studied in four chromosome racesof Cynodon dactylon. No relationship was found between toleranceto dalapon and the level of ploidy. At the dalapon concentrationwhere differences in response were most apparent (2·5mM), the difference in mean value of the two diploid cloneswas greater than any other pair of values. No positive correlationwas found between tolerance and the morphology of the leaf surface.Karyotype studies have not resolved the conflicting evidencerelating to the origin and inter-relationships of the chromosomeraces of this species.     

Weiteres zur Keimungsphysiologie von Puccinia graminis tritici (Pers.) Erickss. u. Henn.

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Root morphology, anatomy and mycotrophy of the achlorophyllous Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers. (Gentianaceae)

 Roots of Voyria aphylla only develop hairs where roots of neighboring plants or organic litter are attached. Fungal penetration occurs almost exclusively at these root-to-root attachments. The ecological significance of these immediate hyphal bridges for achlorophyllous plants is discussed. The morphological and anatomical features of V. aphylla roots and its Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) appear to be transitional between those of V. truncata and V. tenella. A hypothetical evolutionary progression of AM and its significance for the development of mycoheterotrophy is proposed. Accepted: 1 February 1999     

Insect feeding on spores of a bracket fungus, Elfvingia applanata (Pers.) Karst. (Ganodermataceae, Aphyllophorales)

Insects visiting sporocarps of Elfvingia applanata, a wood-rotting bracket fungus, were examined in Kyoto, central Japan. Mycodrosophila flies (Drosophilidae: Diptera) were predominant and visited the spore-producing sporocarps exclusively. They were observed feeding on the spores, and a number of spores seemed to be alive even after having passed through insects digestive tracts. In addition, the insects attached a number of spores on their body surfaces. In a rearing experiment with insects caught from E. applanata sporocarps, Mycodrosophila flies excreted 7700–469 000 and dropped 10–000–329 000 of viable spores during 48 h after collection. They were supposed to migrate among the sporocarps of other bracket fungi growing on different logs or stumps, suggesting that Mycodrosophila flies may act as spore-dispersal agents for E. applanata.     

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Nutrition of the Edaphic Ecotypes in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

A differential response to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassiumwas observed for the three edaphic ecotypes in Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers. naturally occurring at Malla, Shiwalik, and Chandigarh.The soils of these sites differ markedly with respect to availablenutrients. The better growth of the Malla population comparedto the Chandigarh population in low potassium and low nitrogenmedia could be related to the low availability of these nutrientsin the calcareous Malla soil. The Shiwalik population tendedto show an intermediate behaviour. Whilst the Malla populationwas susceptible to ‘phosphate toxicity’, the growthyield of the Shiwalik and the Chandigarh populations improvedwith increase in phosphorus in the medium. The three populationsalso differed from each other with respect to the uptake ofvarious nutrients. These results could be correlated with thenatural habitat conditions in which the three ecotypes occur.It was concluded that besides calcium which was shown to bepartly responsible for the restriction of the three ecotypesto their respective habitats, the availability of nitrogen,potassium, and also phosphorus may play an important role.     

Initiation, Orientation and Early Development of Primary Rhizomes in Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

Axillary buds on the most basal portion of the seedling shootof Sorghum halepense differentiate directly into rhizome buds.The initial orientation of these buds is upwards, but this orientationstarts to be reversed almost immediately. The reversal is causedby the combined effect of differential radial expansion of thebasal internodes immediately above and below the bud, and differencesin the extent of mitotic activity on the abaxial and adaxialsides of the bud. Reorientation is a geotropic and is progressivelyless with acropetal nodal position of the bud. Further growthof the rhizomes proceeds in the same orientation as that ofthe bud from which they had developed, until they change theirorientation again by exhibiting diageotropic, or negativelygeotropic responses. The second reorientation coincides moreor less with the onset of flowering and it exhibits a positionalgradient, such that the change is more extensive the higherthe nodal position of the rhizome. Sorghum halepense, rhizome, geotropism, morphogenesis, perennial weeds