A new entry into ferraborane chemistry: Synthesis and characterization of heteroferraborane complexes

Reaction of [CpFe(CO)₂I], 1 (Cp = η⁵-C₅H₅) and di(organyl)dichalcogenides, E₂R₂ (E = S, Se; R = Ph, CH₂Ph, 2,6-(^tBu)₂-C₆H₂OH) with [LiBH₄·thf] at −70 °C in toluene, followed by stirring at room temperature for 18 h yielded heteroferraboranes, [CpFe(CO)B₂H₄(μ-L)], 2-4 (2: L = SePh; 3: SeCH₂Ph and 4: S(2,6-(^tBu)₂-C₆H₂OH). Compounds 2-4 are highly unstable and concurrent lose of boron atoms yielded organochalcogenolato-bridged complexes, [CpFe(CO)(μ-L)]₂, 5-7, respectively (5: L = SePh; 6: SeCH₂Ph and 7: S(2,6-(^tBu)₂-C₆H₂OH). In contrast, the reaction of 1 with di(2-furyl)ditelluride, (C₄H₃O)₂Te₂, yielded organotellurato-bridged complex, [CpFe(CO)(μ-TeC₄H₃O)]₂, 8 and all of our attempts to isolate the boron precursor [CpFe(CO)B₂H₄(μ-TeC₄H₃O)] in pure form failed. The accuracy of these predictions in each case is established by IR, ¹H, ¹¹B, ¹³C, ⁷⁷Se, ¹²⁵Te NMR and mass spectrometry and complex 8 is further structurally confirmed by X-ray crystallography.     

The syntheses, structures and redox properties of phosphine-gold(I) and triruthenium-carbonyl cluster derivatives of tolans

The syntheses of several ethynyl-gold(I)phosphine substituted tolans (1,2-diaryl acetylenes) of general form [Au(CCC₆H₄CCC₆H₄X)(PPh₃)] are described [X = Me (2a), OMe (2b), CO₂Me (2c), NO₂ (2d), CN (2e)]. These complexes react readily with [Ru₃(CO)₁₀(μ-dppm)] to give the heterometallic clusters [Ru₃(μ-AuPPh₃)(μ-η¹,η²-C₂C₆H₄CCC₆H₄X)(CO)₇(μ-dppm)] (3a-e). The crystallographically determined molecular structures of 2b, 2d, 2e and 3a-e are reported here, that of 2a having been described on a previous occasion. Structural, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies were conducted and have revealed little electronic interaction between the remote substituent and the organometallic end-caps.     

Synthesis and characterization of cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl tungsten selenocarboxylate and selenosulfonate complexes

Cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl tungsten selenocarboxylate complexes CpW(CO)₃SeCOR (1) (R = C₆H₅ (a), 3,5-C₆H₃(NO₂)₂ (b), 3-C₆H₄NO₂ (c), 4-C₆H₄NO₂ (d), CH₃ (e)) and cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl tungsten selenosulfonate complexes CpW(CO)₃SeSO₂R (2) (R = C₆H₅ (a), 4-C₆H₄CH₃ (b), 4-C₆H₄OCH₃ (c), 4-C₆H₄Cl (d), CH₃ (e)) have been prepared from the tungsten anion [CpW(CO)₃Se]⁻ and acid- or sulfonyl chlorides respectively. The new complexes (1 and 2) have been characterized by IR, ¹H NMR spectroscopies as well as elemental analysis. The crystal structure of CpW(CO)₃SeCO-3-C₆H₄NO₂ (1c) was determined.     

Voltammetry of half-sandwich manganese group complexes of η-PhC3B7H9 and η-C60Bn2PhH2, two ligands that are cyclopentadienyl mimicks

The potentials of a series of one-electron oxidation and reduction reactions have been determined for manganese group half-sandwich complexes of the tricarbadecaboranyl ligand PhC₃B₇H₉ and the penta-organo fullerene ligand C₆₀Bn₂PhH₂ (Bn = benzyl). The anodic processes were studied in CH₂Cl₂ and the cathodic processes were studied in both CH₂Cl₂ and THF, the supporting electrolyte being [NBu₄][B(C₆F₅)₄]. The manganese complex Mn(CO)₂(PMe₃)(PhC₃B₇H₉) (1) is a member of a three-electron transfer series which includes oxidation to 1⁺ (0.51 V versus ferrocene) and successive reductions to 1⁻ (−1.66 V) and 1²⁻ (−1.77 V). Both the oxidation and reduction of the closely-related complex Mn(CO)₂(PPh₃)(PhC₃B₇H₉) (2) are chemically irreversible under slow-scan cyclic voltammetry conditions. The rhenium complex Re(CO)₂(PPh₃)(PhC₃B₇H₉) (3) oxidizes (E_1/2 = 0.82 V versus ferrocene) to a radical cation which, unlike its cyclopentadienyl analogue, shows no evidence of dimerization. Oxidation of the fullerene-based complex Re(CO)₃(C₆₀Bn₂PhH₂) is more facile than that of its cyclopentadienyl analogue, in contrast to previous findings in this class of metal-fullerene derivatives. An electrochemical ligand factor, E_L, of 0.63 is calculated for the PhC₃B₇H₉ ligand in manganese group half-sandwich complexes.     

Mono- and bis-cobalt complexes with carbonyl, nitrosyl, and monocarbollide ligands

Reaction of [Co(CO)₃(NO)] with [2-NMe₃-closo-2-CB₁₀H₁₀] in refluxing CH₂Cl₂ affords the mono- and di-cobalt complexes [1-NMe₃-2-CO-2-NO-closo-2,1-CoCB₁₀H₁₀] (3) and [2,7-{Co(CO)(NO)}-7-(μ-H)-1-NMe₃-2-CO-2-NO-closo-2,1-CoCB₁₀H₉] (4), respectively, of which 4 contains formally both Co(I) and Co(-I) centers. Compound 4 reacts with CO to give 3, or with donor ligands L in the presence of Me₃NO to afford simple substituted species, [1-NMe₃-2-L-2-NO-closo-2,1-CoCB₁₀H₁₀] (compounds 5; L = PEt₃, PPh₃, CNBu^t).     

B30H8, B39H9 2−, B42H10, B48H10, and B72H12: polycyclic aromatic snub hydroboron clusters analogous to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Calculations performed at the ab initio level using the recently reported planar concentric π-aromatic B₁₈H₆ ²⁺(1) [Chen Q et al. (2011) Phys Chem Chem Phys 13:20620] as a building block suggest the possible existence of a new class of B_3n H _m polycyclic aromatic hydroboron (PAHB) clusters—B₃₀H₈(2), B₃₉H₉ ^2?(3), B₄₂H₁₀(4/5), B₄₈H₁₀(6), and B₇₂H₁₂(7)—which appear to be the inorganic analogs of the corresponding C _n H _m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHC) molecules naphthalene C₁₀H₈, phenalenyl anion C₁₃H₉ ^?, phenanthrene/anthracene C₁₄H₁₀, pyrene C₁₆H₁₀, and coronene C₂₄H₁₂, respectively, in a universal atomic ratio of B:C?=?3:1. Detailed canonical molecular orbital (CMO), adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP), and electron localization function (ELF) analyses indicate that, as they are hydrogenated fragments of a boron snub sheet [Zope RR, Baruah T (2010) Chem Phys Lett 501:193], these PAHB clusters are aromatic in nature, and exhibit the formation of islands of both σ- and π-aromaticity. The predicted ionization potentials of PAHB neutrals and electron detachment energies of small PAHB monoanions should permit them to be characterized experimentally in the future. The results obtained in this work expand the domain of planar boron-based clusters to a region well beyond B₂₀, and experimental syntheses of these snub B_3n H _m clusters through partial hydrogenation of the corresponding bare B_3n may open up a new area of boron chemistry parallel to that of PAHCs in carbon chemistry.

Properties of Ca2+ uptake and release by Golgi membrane vesicles from rat intestine

A previous study of energy-independent in vitro Ca²⁺ uptake by rat intestinal epithelial membrane vesicles demonstrated that uptake by Golgi membrane vesicles was greater than that by microvillus or lateral-basal membrane vesicles, was markedly decreased in vitamin D-deficient rats, and responded specifically to 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ repletion (R. A. Freedman, M. M. Weiser, and K. J. Isselbacher, 1977, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA74, 3612–3616; J. A. MacLaughlin, M. M. Weiser, and R. A. Freedman, 1980, Gastroenterology78, 325–332). In the present study, properties of Ca²⁺ uptake and release by intestinal Golgi membrane vesicles have been investigated. The initial rate of uptake was found to be saturable, suggesting carrier-mediated uptake. Uptake was markedly inhibited by Mg²⁺ and Sr²⁺, but not by Na⁺ or K⁺. Lowering the external [H⁺] or raising the internal [H⁺] resulted in enhancement of the initial rate of uptake; the intial rate was found to correlate with the internal-to-external [H⁺] gradient. The initial rate of uptake could be enhanced by preloading the vesicles with MgCl₂ or SrCl₂ but not CaCl₂, NaCl, or KCl. Vesicles preloaded with K₂SO₄ failed to show enhanced uptake in the presence of valinomycin, suggesting that enhancement in uptake by vesicles preloaded with MgCl₂ was not due to transmembrane potentials. The internal volume of the Golgi membrane vesicles was determined and found to be 9 μl/mg protein; this volume could accomodate less than 1% of the Ca²⁺ uptake maintained at equilibrium. Therefore, the remainder of the Ca²⁺ taken up was presumably bound to the Golgi membranes. A dissociation constant of 3.8 × 10^?6m was found for this binding. The bound Ca²⁺ could be rapidly released by external Mg²⁺ or Sr²⁺, but not Ca²⁺, Na⁺, or K⁺. Release of bound Ca²⁺ could also be induced by raising the [H⁺] of the external medium. Failure of external Ca²⁺ to release bound Ca²⁺ suggested that the release induced by external Mg²⁺, Sr²⁺, or H⁺ was not due to competitive displacement of Ca²⁺ from its binding sites. These results indicated that Ca²⁺ uptake by intestinal Golgi membrane vesicles consists of carrier-mediated transport followed by binding of Ca²⁺ to the vesicle. The effects of H⁺, Mg²⁺, and Sr²⁺ on Ca²⁺ uptake and release suggest the existence of cation countertransport in the Golgi membrane vesicles.     

Solid-gas carbonylation of aryloxide rhodium(I) complexes: stepwise reaction forming Vaska-type complexes

Aryloxide rhodium(I) complexes Rh(OAr)(PPh₃)₃ (1a: Ar=C₆Cl₅, 1b: Ar=C₆F₅, 1c: Ar=C₆H₄-NO₂-4) react with CO in toluene solutions to produce Vaska-type complexes trans-Rh(OAr)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (2a: Ar=C₆Cl₅, 2b: Ar=C₆F₅, 2c: Ar=C₆H₄-NO₂-4). Carbonylation of a similar complex with PMe₃ ligands, Rh(OC₆H₄-NO₂-4)(PMe₃)₃ (3c), also forms trans-Rh(OC₆H₄-NO₂-4)(CO)(PMe₃)₂ (4c). Molecular structures of the complexes are determined by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Complex 1a reacts with CO in the absence of solvent to produce a mixture of 2a and complex A, the latter of which shows the IR and ¹³C{¹H} signals due to the carbonyl ligand at different positions from those of 2a. Addition of Et₂O to the above mixture turns it into analytically pure 2a. Carbonylation of 1b and 1c under the solvent-free conditions produces complexes B and C as the respective products of the solid-gas reaction. Recrystallization of B and C turns them into 2b and 2c, respectively. Complex 3c also reacts with CO in the solid state to form a mixture of 4c and complex D, although the latter complex is converted slowly into 4c even in the solid state.     

Tungsten complexes of aromatic and aliphatic thioaldehydes

Reaction of PPN[W(CO)₃(R₂PC₂H₄PR₂)(SH)] (PPN=Ph₃PNPPh₃; R=Me, 1; R=Ph, 2) with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid gave tungsten complexes of thiobenzaldehydes mer-[W(CO)₃(R₂PC₂H₄PR₂)(η²-SCHR^′)] (R=Me, 3a-3f; R=Ph, 4a-4e) in high yields. Analogous complexes of aliphatic thioaldehydes mer-[W(CO)₃(Me₂PC₂H₄PMe₂)(η²-SCHR^′)] (3g-3l) could only be obtained from the highly electron-rich thiolate complex 1. The structure of 3i (R^′=i-Bu) was determined by X-ray crystallography. In solution the complexes 3 and 4 are in equilibrium with small quantities of their isomers fac-[W(CO)₃(R₂PC₂H₄PR₂)(η²-SCHR^′)]. Reaction of complexes 3 with dimethylsulfate followed by salt metathesis with NH₄PF₆ gave the alkylation products mer-[W(CO)₃(Me₂PC₂H₄PMe₂)(η²-MeSCHR^′)]PF₆ (5a-5l) as mixtures of E and Z isomers. The methylated thioformaldehyde complex mer-[W(CO)₃(Me₂PC₂H₄PMe₂)(η²-MeSCH₂)]PF₆ (5m) was prepared similarly. Nucleophilic addition of hydride (from LiAlH₄) to 5 initially gave thioether complexes mer-[W(CO)₃(Me₂PC₂H₄PMe₂)(MeSCH₂R^′)] (mer-6) which rapidly isomerized to fac-[W(CO)₃(Me₂PC₂H₄PMe₂)(MeSCH₂R^′)] (fac-6).     

6-Halogenopyridin-2-olato complexes with the diruthenium(2+) core: Equilibria between head-to-head and head-to-tail structures

The dinuclear bis(6-X-pyridin-2-olato) ruthenium complexes [Ru₂(μ-XpyO)₂(CO)₄(PPh₃)₂] (X = Cl (4B) and Br (5B)), [Ru₂(μ-XpyO)₂(CO)₄(CH₃CN)₂] (X = Cl (6B), Br (7B) and F (8B)) and [Ru₂(μ-ClpyO)₂(CO)₄(PhCN)₂] (9B) were prepared from the corresponding tetranuclear coordination dimers [Ru₂(μ-XpyO)₂(CO)₄]₂ (1: X = Cl; 2: X = Br) and [Ru₂(μ-FpyO)₂(CO)₆]₂ (3) by treatment with an excess of triphenylphosphane, acetonitrile and benzonitrile, respectively. In the solid state, complexes 4B-9B all have a head-to-tail arrangement of the two pyridonate ligands, as evidenced by X-ray crystal structure analyses of 4B, 6B and 9B, in contrast to the head-to-head arrangement in the precursors 1-3. A temperature- and solvent-dependent equilibrium between the yellow head-to-tail complexes and the red head-to-head complexes 4A-7A and 9A, bearing an axial ligand only at the O,O-substituted ruthenium atom, exists in solution and was studied by NMR spectroscopy. Full ¹H and ¹³C NMR assignments were made in each case. Treatment of 1 and 2 with the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolin-2-ylidene provided the complexes [Ru₂(μ-XpyO)₂(CO)₄(NHC)], X = Cl (11A) or Br (12A). An XRD analysis revealed the head-to-head arrangement of the pyridonate ligands and axial coordination of the carbene ligand at the O,O-substituted ruthenium atom. The conversion of 11A and 12A into the corresponding head-to-tail complexes was not possible.     

Synthesis, structure, photophysical and electrochemical behavior of 2-amino-anthracene triosmium clusters

The reactions of 2-amino-anthracene with [Os₃(CO)₁₀(CH₃CN)₂] have been studied and the products structurally characterized by spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction, photophysical and electrochemical techniques. At room temperature in CH₂Cl₂ two major, isomeric products are obtained [Os₃(CO)₁₀(μ-η²-(N-C(1))-NH₂C₁₄H₈)(μ-H)] (1, 14%) and [Os₃(CO)₁₀(μ-η²-(N-C(3))-NHC₁₄H₉)(μ-H)] (2, 35%) along with a trace amount of the dihydrido complex [Os₃(CO)₉(μ-η²-(N-C(3))-NHC₁₄H₈)(μ-H)₂] (3). In refluxing tetrahydrofuran only complexes 2 and 3 are obtained in 24% and 28%, respectively. A separate experiment shows that complex 1 slowly converts to 2 and that the rearrangement is catalyzed by adventitious water and involves proton transfer to the anthracene ring. Complex 1 is stereochemically non-rigid; exhibiting edge to edge hydride migration while 2 is stereochemically rigid. Complex 3 is also stereochemically non-rigid showing a site exchange process of the magnetically nonequivalent hydrides typical for trinuclear dihydrides. Interestingly, 2 decarbonylates cleanly to the electronically unsaturated 46e⁻ cluster [Os₃(CO)₉(μ₃-η²-(N-C(3))-NHC₁₀H₉)(μ-H)] (4, 68%) in refluxing cyclohexane, while photolysis of 2 in CH₂Cl₂ yields only a small amount of 3 along with considerable decomposition. The mechanism of the conversion of 1 to 2 and the dependence of the product distribution on solvent are discussed. All four compounds are luminescent with compounds 1-3 showing emissions that can be assigned to radiative decay associated with the anthracene ligand. Complexes 1-3 all show irreversible 1e⁻ reductions in the range of −1.85-2.14 V while 4 shows a nicely reversible 1e⁻ wave at −1.16 V and a quasi-reversible second 1e⁻ wave at −1.62 V. Irreversible oxidations are observed in the range from +0.35 to +0.49 V. The relationship between the cluster ligand configurations and the observed electrochemical and photochemical behavior is discussed and compared with that of the free ligand.     

Syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties of trinuclear and [3 × 1 + 1 × 2] pentanuclear complexes derived from a compartmental ligand: Role of solvent on nuclearity and number of components

Reaction of [Cu^IIL⊂(H₂O)] (H₂L = N,N′-ethylenebis(3-ethoxysalicylaldimine)) with nickel(II) perchlorate in 1:1 ratio in acetone produces the trinuclear compound [(Cu^IIL)₂Ni^II(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂ (1). On the other hand, on changing the solvent from acetone to methanol, reaction of the same reactants in same ratio produces the pentametallic compound [(Cu^IIL)₂Ni^II(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂·2[Cu^IIL⊂(H₂O)]·2MeOH (2A), which loses solvated methanol molecules immediately after its isolation to form [(Cu^IIL)₂Ni^II(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂·2[Cu^IIL⊂(H₂O)] (2B). Clearly, formation of 1 versus 2A and 2B is solvent dependent. Crystal structures of 1 and 2A have been determined. Interestingly, compound 2A is a [3 × 1 + 1 × 2] cocrystal. The cryomagnetic profiles of 1 and 2B indicate that the two pairs of copper(II)···nickel(II) ions in the trinuclear cores in both the complexes are coupled by almost identical moderate antiferromagnetic interaction (J = −22.8 cm⁻¹ for 1 and −26.0 cm⁻¹ for 2B).     

Mapping the pathway of heteroborane isomerisation: Two parallel “1,2 → 1,7” isomerisations of a crowded molybdacarborane and the isolation of isomerisation intermediates

The reaction between [7,8-Ph₂-7,8-nido-C₂B₉H₉]²⁻ and [(η-C₇H₇)Mo(MeCN)₃]⁺ affords five products. Four have been isolated and shown to be structural isomers of (η-C₇H₇)MoPh₂C₂B₉H₉. Compound 1 has a pseudocloso structure. In solution it gives way to the non-icosahedral compound 2 which in turn rearranges into the “1,2 → 1,7” C-atom isomerised compound 5 having a 2,1,8-MoC₂B₉ structure. A further “1,2 → 1,7” C-atom isomerised species, compound 4, is also isolated but has a 1,2,4-MoC₂B₉ architecture. Compound 4 forms via an intermediate 3, which is too unstable to characterise. Structurally the sequence of compounds 1, 2 and 5 maps well onto the sequential diamond-square-diamond isomerisation mechanism of 1,2-closo-C₂B₁₀H₁₂ into 1,7-closo-C₂B₁₀H₁₂ proposed by Wales. An alternative pathway from the notional first product of the metallation, 1,2-Ph₂-3-(η-C₇H₇)-3,1,2-closo-MoC₂B₉H₉, is required to rationalise the intermediate compound 3 and, from it, compound 4.     

Synthesis and properties of new trinuclear Mo(II) complexes containing imidazole and benzimidazole ferrocene units

The reaction of FcCOCl (Fc = (C₅H₅)Fe(C₅H₄)) with benzimidazole or imidazole in 1:1 ratio gives the ferrocenyl derivatives FcCO(benzim) (L1) or FcCO(im) (L2), respectively. Two molecules of L1 or L2 can replace two nitrile ligands in [Mo(η³-C₃H₅)(CO)₂(CH₃CN)₂Br] or [Mo(η³- C₅H₅O)(CO)₂(CH₃CN)₂Br] leading to the new trinuclear complexes [Mo(η³-C₃H₅)(CO)₂(L)₂Br] (C1 for L = L1; C3 for L = L2) and [Mo(η³-C₅H₅O)(CO)₂(L)₂Br] (C2 for L = L1; C4 for L = L2) with L1 and L2 acting as N-monodentade ligands. L1, L2 and C2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction studies. [Mo(η³-C₅H₅O)(CO)₂(L1)₂Br] was shown to be a trinuclear species, with the two L1 molecules occupying one equatorial and one axial position in the coordination sphere of Mo(II). Cyclic voltammetric studies were performed for the two ligands L1 and L2, as well as for their molybdenum complexes, and kinetic and thermodynamic data for the corresponding redox processes obtained. In agreement with the nature of the frontier orbitals obtained from DFT calculations, L1 and L2 exhibit one oxidation process at the Fe(II) center, while C1, C3, and C4 display another oxidation wave at lower potentials, associated with the oxidation of Mo(II).     

Novel thermolytic products and their structures derived from thermolysis of isomerized products of spiro[4.4]nona-1,3-diene(dicarbonyl)[ethoxy(aryl)carbene]iron phosphine adducts [(η-C9H12)Fe{C(OC2H5)Ar}(CO)2PPh3]

Heating a benzene solution of the isomerized product of spiro[4.4]nona-1,3-diene(dicarbonyl)[ethoxy(aryl)carbene]iron phosphine adduct [(η³-C₉H₁₂)Fe{C(OC₂H₅)(C₆H₄CH₃-o)}(CO)₂PPh₃] (1) in a sealed quartz tube at 85-90 °C for 72 h gave the ring-opened η⁴ olefin-coordinated dicarbonyliron phosphine complex [Fe{η⁴-C₅H₇CHCHCH₂CHC(OC₂H₅)C₆H₄CH₃-o}(CO)₂PPh₃] (3) and cyclobutane derivative [C₂₄H₂₂O₇] (4). The thermal decomposition of analogous isomerized product [(η³-C₉H₁₂)Fe{C(OC₂H₅)(C₆H₄CH₃-p)}-(CO)₂PPh₃] (2) afforded the corresponding η⁴ olefin-coordinated dicarbonyliron phosphine complex [Fe{η⁴-C₅H₇CHCHCH₂CHC(OC₂H₅)C₆H₄CH₃-p}(CO)₂PPh₃] (6) and compound 4. The structures of products 3 and 4 have been established by X-ray diffraction studies.     

Benzimidazole derivatives as NSO ligands for the fac-[M(CO)3] (M = Re, Tc)

Two rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes with the tridentate monoanionic NSO ligands, 4-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-3-thiabutanoic acid (complex 3) and [1-(11-carboxyundecanyl)-4-(benzimidazol-2-yl)]-3-thiabutanoic acid (complex 4) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. X-ray crystallographic analysis of complex 3 revealed a distorted octahedral geometry around rhenium defined by the three facially bound CO groups and the NSO donor atom set of the tridentate ligand. The analogous technetium-99m complexes (complexes 5 and 6) were also prepared quantitatively by reaction of the NSO ligands with the fac-[^99mTc(H₂O)₃(CO)₃]⁺ synthon and their identity was established by chromatographic comparison to their rhenium congeners. Biodistribution in mice of complex 6 bearing the fatty acid chain showed significant heart uptake (6.26 ± 0.79% ID/g p.i.) at 1 min accompanied, however, with a heart:blood ratio below 1.     

Syntheses, reactions, and structures of osmium(II) stannyl complexes with the simple stannyl ligands SnH3, SnH2Me, and SnHMe2

Reaction between Os(SnI₃)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ and NaBH₄ produces the unusual, air-stable, trihydridostannyl complex, Os(SnH₃)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (1), which has been fully characterised including by X-ray crystal structure determination.Similarly, reaction between Os(SnI₂Me)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ or Os(SnClMe₂)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ and NaBH₄ produces the dihydridostannyl complex, Os(SnH₂Me)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (4) or the monohydridostannyl complex, Os(SnHMe₂)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (6), respectively.The SnH bonds in these complexes are reactive towards acids and in selected reactions complexes 1 and 4 with aqueous HF give Os(SnF₃)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (3) and Os(SnF₂Me)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (5), respectively, and complex 6 with aqueous HCl gives Os(SnClMe₂)(κ²-S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂.The trihydridostannyl complex 1 reacts with chloroform to form the trichlorostannyl complex, Os(SnCl₃)(κ²- S₂CNMe₂)(CO)(PPh₃)₂ (2). The crystal structures of 1-3, 5, and 6 have been determined.     

sp C-H and sp C-H agostic ruthenium complexes: a combined experimental and theoretical study

Halide abstraction from the 18 electron Ru(II) complex RuCl(CO)₂[2,6-(CH₂P^tBu₂)₂C₆H₃] (2) with AgPF₆ results in the exclusive formation of the cationic complex {Ru(CO)₂[2,6-(CH₂P^tBu₂)₂C₆H₃]}⁺PF₆⁻ (3). The molecular structures of 2 and 3 were determined by complete single-crystal diffraction studies. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 3 reveals that the “open” coordination site is occupied by an agostic interaction between the metal center and an sp³ C-H bond of a tert-butyl substituent. DFT gas phase calculations (B97-1/SDD) show the necessity of two sterically demanding tert-butyl substituents on one P donor atom for the agostic interaction to occur. The reaction of 3 with H₂ results in the quantitative conversion to {Ru(H)(CO)₂[2,6-(CH₂P^tBu₂)₂C₆H₄]}⁺PF₆⁻ (4) where the aromatic C_ipso-H bond is η²-coordinated to the metal center. Treatment of the agostic complex 4 with Et₃N results in the formation of the neutral complex Ru(H)(CO)₂[2,6-(CH₂P^tBu₂)₂C₆H₃] (5). The mechanistic details of 3 + H₂ → 4 were investigated by DFT calculations at the B97-1/SDB-cc-pVDZ//B97-1/SDD level of theory.     

Enhancing the hydrogen bond between the bridged hydrogen atom of diborane and ammonia

The character of the bridged hydrogen atom (H_b) of B₂H₆ has become a hot issue in recent years. In this work, the complexes B₂H₆?·?·?·?NH₃, B₂H₂X₄?·?·?·?nNH₃ (n?=?1, 2) and 2HF?·?·?·?B₂H₂X₄?·?·?·?2NH₃ (X?=?Cl, Br, I) were constructed and studied based on the M06-2X calculations to investigate how to enhance the H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen-bonded interaction. When the terminal hydrogen atoms (H_t) of B₂H₆ were replaced by X (X?=?Cl, Br, I) atoms, the H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen bond were strengthened. According to the electrostatic potentials in B₂H₂X₄, two HF molecules were added to the interspace of the B-H-B-H four-membered ring of the B₂H₂X₄?·?·?·?2NH₃ complexes, and H?·?·?·?X hydrogen bond formed, resulting in further enhancing effect of H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen bond. As a result, the positive cooperative effect of H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen bond and H?·?·?·?X hydrogen bond do enhance the interactions of each other. The two measures not only enhance the strength of H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen bond, but also achieve the goal to make the H_b?·?·?·?N hydrogen bond perpendicular to B?·?·?·?B direction.

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Graphical Abstract Enhancing the hydrogen bond between the bridged hydrogen atom of diborane and ammonia?

     

Synthesis, structures, photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of boron complexes with anilido-imine ligands

Syntheses of three new N-arylanilido-arylimine bidentate Schiff base type ligand precursors, ortho-C₆H₄[NH(2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃)](CHNAr¹) [Ar¹ = p-FC₆H₄ (2a); C₆H₅ (2b); p-OMeC₆H₄ (2c)], and their four-coordinated boron complexes, ortho-C₆H₄[N(2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃)](CHNAr¹)BF₂ [Ar¹ = p-FC₆H₄ (3a); C₆H₅ (3b); p-OMeC₆H₄ (3c)] are described. The boron complexes 3a-3c were synthesized from the reaction of BF₃(OEt₂) with the lithium salt of their corresponding ligand. All complexes were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and molecular structures of complexes 3a and 3c were determined by X-ray crystallography. The photophysical properties of complexes 3a-3c were briefly examined. All three complexes display bright green fluorescence in solution and in the solid state. Electroluminescent devices with complex 3c as the emitter were fabricated. These devices were found to give green emission with maximum current efficiency of 2.92 cd/A and maximum luminance of 670 cd/m².