P物质在脊髓水平对心血管活动的影响

为阐明起源于延髓,下行达脊髓侧角的P物质(SP)纤维在心血管活动中的作用,我们在乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠上进行了以下实验:(1)在完整大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射(ith)SP(15nmol/10μl),观察到内脏交感神经放电、心率及平均动脉血压均有明显升高。(2)在颈_1(C_1)横断脊髓的大鼠,ith 相同剂量相同体积的SP 却引起内脏交感神经放电及平均动脉血压轻度下降,心率稍有增加。(3)C_1 横断脊髓的大鼠静脉注射相同剂量的SP 则引起平均动脉血压急速降低及内脏交感神经放电增加,提示SP 在脊髓水平的直接作用系通过抑制交感传出放电而引起血压降低。(4)用ith PS 的1/10剂量、1/5体积给完整大鼠脑池注射(ici),观察到血压及内脏交感神经放电增加,但心率没有变化。 上述结果表明,(1)SP 作用于脑和脊髓,对心血管功能可能有不同的作用。(2)ith SP对完整大鼠心血管功能的作用是多途径的。     

免疫复合物致疼痛与甲醛致炎性痛的大鼠模型比较及巨噬细胞游走抑制因子在两组模型中的表达

目的 比较免疫复合物所致疼痛模型与甲醛致炎性疼痛模型的大鼠疼痛行为、局部炎症反应及巨噬细胞游走抑制因子在不同模型不同部位的表达,探讨免疫复合物所致疼痛的病理机制.方法 成年SD清洁级大鼠15只,随机分为正常对照组,甲醛组及免疫复合物组,每组5只.分别在大鼠右后足底注入20 μL PBS、甲醛及免疫复合物.于30 min、1h、2h、4h、8h、12 h测定疼痛行为.并于12 h后采血、取大鼠局部皮肤及脊髓测定巨噬细胞游走抑制因子(MIF)表达.结果 疼痛行为变化:在甲醛致炎后大鼠立刻出现明显的自发痛,疼痛阈值明显下降,注射足高度肿胀并于1h达高峰后逐渐缓解.免疫复合物组的疼痛阈值低峰在4h后,并持续至8h后逐渐缓解,注射足肿胀不明显.皮肤及脊髓的MIF表达在甲醛组明显增加(P＜0.05),在免疫复合物组中无明显改变.结论 MIF参与炎症性疼痛病理过程,但无证据参与免疫复合物所致疼痛.抗原抗体复合物所致疼痛与甲醛炎性痛病理机制有一定区别.     

移动抑制因子和嗜铬粒蛋白A在脊髓损伤中的表达变化

为研究移动抑制因子和嗜铬粒蛋白A (chromogranin A, CgA)在脊髓损伤过程中的表达变化及其参与急性脊髓损伤修复的作用机制,建立了完全脊髓横断实验模型.采用双向凝胶电泳和基质辅助激光解吸电离串联质谱对脊髓损伤的动物组织样品进行分析,鉴定出20种差异表达蛋白质,其中有巨噬细胞游动抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIF)和CgA等.通过RT-PCR和Western 印迹分析,移动抑制因子和CgA在损伤的脊髓组织中表达量发生变化,提示这两种蛋白可能均参与了脊髓损伤过程,但在脊髓损伤中的具体作用机制还有待于进一步的研究.     

大鼠脊髓中的α受体在减压反射和失血性休克中的作用

大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射α激动剂可乐宁1μg,引起血压降低、心率减慢及腹腔神经节后交感神经干放电抑制。应用α阻断剂酚妥拉明阻断脊髓内源性 NE的作用,可部分抑制血压升高时反射性的心率减慢和交感神经放电抑制反应,使压力感受器反射的敏感性降低。在颈动脉放血造成不可逆性失血性休克的动物,脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射酚妥拉明可使动脉血压有一定程度的回升。以上结果表明,由脊髓α受体调制的心血管抑制效应参与减压反射以及失血性休克的发病机制。     

党参总皂苷对TNBS诱导的大鼠溃疡性结肠炎的保护作用及其机制

目的: 探讨党参总皂苷(TSC)对大鼠实验性溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的治疗作用及其作用机制。方法: 50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、模型组、柳氮磺胺嘧啶(SASP)阳性对照组(0.3 g/kg)、TSC高剂量组(1.2 g/kg)、TSC低剂量组(0.4 g/kg),用三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)/乙醇联合灌肠制作大鼠UC模型,给药21 d后,通过观察大鼠症状和体征、疾病活动指数(DAI)、结肠粘膜损伤指数(CMDI)、结肠组织形态;测定结肠组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、炎症因子白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的含量;检测结肠组织中细胞核内核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)蛋白表达;最终评价TSC的治疗效果。结果: 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠DAI、CMDI评分显著升高,结肠粘膜损伤严重,说明造模成功。与模型组比较,TSC高低剂量组均能显著降低UC大鼠DAI评分、CMDI评分(P＜0.05);改善结肠黏膜形态;升高结肠组织中SOD活力,降低MDA含量(P＜0.05),抑制结肠组织中IL-6、TNF-α mRNA水平,促进IL-10 mRNA表达(P＜0.01);同时降低结肠中NF-κB蛋白表达(P＜ 0.01),且TSC高剂量组优于低剂量组(P＜0.05)。结论: TSC对UC大鼠结肠黏膜损伤具有显著保护作用,以高剂量组为佳;其机制可能与抗脂质过氧化,抑制NF-κB信号通路从而调控炎性因子的释放有关。     

八肽胆囊收缩素对抗阿片肽的中枢性降血压作用

过去的工作已经证明八肽胆囊收缩素(CCK-8)能够对抗阿片肽的镇痛作用,本工作探讨CCK-8是否能够对抗阿片肽的心血管抑制作用。给戊巴比妥钠麻醉大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔(ith)注射 CCK-8可以对抗 ith 注射 mu(μ)型阿片受体激动剂[NMePhe~3,D-Pro~4]Morphiceptin(PL017)(5μg)、delta(δ)型受体激动剂[D-Ala~2,D-Leu~5]Enkephalin(DADLE)(25μg)和 Kappa(K)型受体激动剂[N-Me Tyr,N-Me Arg~7,D-Leu~8]Dynorphin 1-8 ethyla-mide(66A-078)(1μg)引起的降低血压和减慢心率作用。在 MAP 的表现上,CCK-8的拮抗作用(10μg及以下剂量)具有量-效关系,并可被 CCK 受体阻断剂丙谷胺(Proglumide)(100μg)翻转。在 HR 的表现上,上述剂量的 CCK-8也显示了一定的拮抗作用,但量-效关系不如 MAP 表现得明显。单纯将 CCK-8或 Proglumide ith 注射,可见大剂量(50μg)CCK-8可以引起明显的降血压作用和短时的降心率作用,小剂量(0.05μg)CCK-8则表现出明显的降心率作用;ith 注射 Proglumide 100μg,30 min 后也表现出减慢心率的作用。以上结果提示:在脊髓水平,一定剂量范围内的 CCK-8能够对抗阿片肽的心血管抑制效应,此对抗作用是通过 CCK 受体实现的。本工作的结果支持关于 CCK-8是一种抗阿片物质的设想。     

家兔脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射乙酰胆碱对血压和心率的影响

将乙酰胆碱(ACh)注入麻醉家兔脊髓蛛网膜下腔,观察其对心血管活动的影响。结果表明:(1)脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射50～100μg ACh可使血压下降,心率减慢;(2)预先由脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射阿托品,可阻断ACh引起的降压和降心率作用;(3)脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射六甲双铵、酚妥拉明或心得安均不能阻断上述ACh的心血管反应;(4)切断两侧颈部迷走神经,ACh不再使心率减慢,但其降低血压的作用不受到任何影响。 脊髓中ACh水平升高可通过激活胆碱能M-受体引起血压下降和心率减慢。ACh的这种降压作用既没有中枢肾上腺素能受体活动参与,也不是通过迷走神经实现的,可能是由于脊髓交感血管中枢紧张性降低所造成的。     

米诺环素对不完全脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓BDNF和NT-3表达的影响

目的观察腹腔注射米诺环素对改良Allen’s法造成的不完全脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓中脑源性神经营养因子以及神经营养因子3表达的影响,探讨米诺环素治疗脊髓损伤的作用机制。方法成年雌性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠54只,改良Allen’s法造成不完全脊髓损伤,根据实验需要可以分为3组,空白组,只打开脊柱椎板,不损伤;治疗组,大鼠脊髓损伤,并腹腔注射米诺环素;损伤组,大鼠脊髓损伤,腹腔注射等剂量的生理盐水。观察各组大鼠的后肢能力Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan评分,并于不同时段(3d、7d,14d)取大鼠脊髓T8-9段采用逆转录PCR,以及免疫化学组织染色法测定脑源性神经营养因子以及神经营养因子3的表达。结果米诺环素能够明显改善不完全脊髓损伤大鼠的功能,逆转录PCR和脊髓组织冰冻切片免疫组织化学染色DAB都能证实米诺环素治疗组脑源性神经营养因子以及神经营养因子3表达显著增多。结论米诺环素在治疗不完全脊髓损伤大鼠的机制还应与其上调了大鼠体内的脑源性神经营养因子以及神经营养因子3表达有关。     

罗格列酮对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠的保护作用及机制研究

目的:探讨罗格列酮对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠的保护作用及其作用机制。方法:三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)/乙醇复合法用于建立大鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型,8周龄健康成年雄性SD大鼠15只,随机分成3组,每组5只,分别为对照组、溃疡组和罗格列酮组。对照组为生理盐水灌肠和灌胃,模型组为TNBS/乙醇混合液灌肠和生理盐水灌胃,罗格列酮组则从灌肠造模成功后的第二天起,每天采用罗格列酮灌胃给药1次(5 mg/kg)。观察大鼠的一般活动状态,并记录各组大鼠的疾病活动指数(DAI),于灌肠后第60天处死大鼠,镜下观察并记录各组大鼠的结肠黏膜损伤指数(CDMI),苏木色精-伊红法(HE)染色后,镜下观察各组大鼠的结肠组织病理学改变,并进行组织学评分(HS)。生化法用于检测大鼠结肠组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的含量。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)和免疫组化(IHC)法分别检测各组大鼠结肠组织中过氧化物酶增殖激活受体-γ(PPARγ)、核转录因子_(-κ)B(NFκB)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果:与对照组相比,溃疡组的DAI、CDMI和HS评分均显著增加(P0.05);SOD含量显著降低,MDA和MPO的含量显著增加(P0.05);PPARγ的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著降低(P0.05);NFκB和TNF-α的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著增加(P0.05)。与溃疡组相比,罗格列酮组的大鼠DAI、CDMI和HS评分均显著降低(P0.05);结肠组织中SOD含量显著增加,MDA和MPO的含量显著降低(P0.05);PPARγ的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著增加(P0.05);NFκB和TNF-α的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著降低(P0.05)。结论:罗格列酮可以通过增加SOD和PPARγ表达,降低MDA、MPO、NFκB和TNF-α表达来缓解炎症反应,对溃疡性结肠炎起到保护作用。     

强啡肽参与脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射神经降压素引起的镇痛作用

大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射神经降压素(NT)0.63—10μg 可产生明确的镇痛作用,在0.63—5μg 范围内有量效关系。脊髓蛛网膜下腔预先注射100μg 纳洛酮或20μg 抗强啡肽 IgG 可显著对抗 NT 的镇痛作用,而注射抗脑啡肽 IgG 或脑啡肽降解酶的抑制剂 Bestatin、Thior-phan 和 Captopril 均不影响 NT 镇痛,以上结果表明,NT 在脊髓内的镇痛作用部分由强啡肽介导。     

5-Hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats via regulation of metabolic profiling and suppression of NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway

Background5-Hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one (PQ-A) is the main active compound in Ramulus et Folium Picrasmae, a Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in colitis treatment.PurposeTo clarify PQ-A's role and mechanism in colitis treatment based on a non-targeted metabolomics study.MethodsRats with ulcerative colitis (UC) established with 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were orally treated with PQ-A. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, biochemical parameters (MDA and SOD), and histopathological score in colon tissue were measured. A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach-based metabolomics analysis was conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of PQ-A in colitis treatment. Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) concentrations in serum and their protein levels in the colon were determined. CD3 and NF-κB/p65 immunohistochemistry in the colon was semi-quantified. The related protein or mRNA in IKK-NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway was measured by Western blotting or RT-PCR, respectively. Potential molecular interactions between PQ-A and NF-κB/p65 was predicted using DS 2.5 software.ResultsPQ-A significantly prevented body weight loss and colonic shortening in colitic rats, and reduced the DAI and histopathologic score as well. PQ-A decreased MDA levels in the UC rat serum and increased those of SOD. Metabolomics results revealed forty-nine differential metabolites as biomarkers of DSS-induced colitis, demonstrating that the path-mechanism of colitis involved the perturbation of eight metabolic pathways, including alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, retinol metabolism, bile acid metabolism, et al. Thirty-six biomarkers were especially reversed to normal-like levels by PQ-A via regulation of alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and retinol metabolism, which effectively hinted the potential pharmacological mechanism of PQ-A related to NF-κB/p65 inflammatory signaling. Molecular docking results predicted high affinity interaction between PQ-A and NF-κB/p65, involving hydrogen-bond interactions at five amino acid residues, suggesting NF-κB/p65 as a target. PQ-A decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations in serum and their protein levels in colon tissue in colitic rats. CD3, MYD88, p-IκBα, NF-κB/p65, and p-NF-κB/p65 expression levels decreased, whereas those of IKKβ and IκBα increased in colitic tissue following PQ-A treatment. PQ-A strongly inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65.ConclusionsWe provide an overview of PQ-A's possible mechanism of action in colitis treatment based on serum non-targeted metabolomics. PQ-A treatment can protect rats against DSS-induced colitis by suppressing the NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway.     

靛蓝对葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的溃疡性结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群作用研究

研究靛蓝对葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的溃疡性结肠炎（UC）模型小鼠的干预作用,并分析对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。

实验小鼠分为对照组、模型组、柳氮磺胺吡啶组（125 mg/kg）和靛蓝组（50 mg/kg),每组小鼠各9只。观察给药后小鼠体征并进行疾病活动指数（DAI）评分,通过苏木素―伊红（HE）染色观察小鼠结肠组织切片形态变化,ELISA法检测小鼠血清中IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8和IL-10水平;针对16S rRNA基因V4‒V5区进行高通量测序,分析小鼠肠道内容物的菌群变化。

与模型组相比,靛蓝组小鼠DAI评分降低,病理切片结果显示靛蓝可改善UC小鼠结肠黏膜损伤,减少炎性细胞浸润,血清中促炎因子IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β和TNF-α水平显著降低（t = 4.377 0、5.374 0、12.140 0、5.508 0,P = 0.011 9、0.005 8、0.000 3、0.005 3）,抑炎因子IL-10水平显著升高（t = 3.716 0,P = 0.020 5）。16S rRNA基因测序结果显示,模型组小鼠肠道菌群多样性降低,靛蓝组小鼠肠道菌群多样性升高。

给予靛蓝干预后可有效缓解UC小鼠结肠炎症状,通过降低炎症因子水平和调节UC小鼠肠道菌群平衡达到治疗UC的效果。

     

Dendrobium huoshanense Polysaccharides Prevent Inflammatory Response of Ulcerative Colitis Rat through Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

The polysaccharides of the Chinese herbal medicine Dendrobium huoshanense exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in multiple organs through regulating the immune responses. In the present study, we constructed ulcerative colitis (UC) model rats using dextran sulfate sodium to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of D. huoshanense polysaccharides (DHP). After oral administration of DHP for two weeks, the indices of UC symptoms, including the ratio of colon weight to length, Disease Activity Index (DAI), and Colon Mucosal Damage Index (CMDI), all decreased significantly compared with the UC model group. The histological sections also revealed better cell orders in DHP treatments than in the UC model rats. Moreover, in treatment with high dose of DHP (200 mg/kg), the treatment efficacy arrived the similar levels to those in the treatment with 300 mg/kg sulfasalazine, which is a typical medicine to treat UC. These results indicated that DHP has a high efficacy to treat UC in model rats. Furthermore, serum levels of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-17, and transforming growth factor-β were assessed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and the levels of nuclear factor-κB in colon tissue sections were determined using the immunohistochemical method. The results showed that all these indices decreased significantly after administration of DHP in UC model rats, which might be the mechanisms underlying the DHP-suppressed UC inflammation. Overall, this study indicated that DHP might be directly used to treat UC and is a promising source to develop novel drugs against UC.     

The role of sympathetic nervous system in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema in spinal cord-injured rats

The pronounced activation of sympathetic nervous system is a necessary prerequisite for the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) in rats with balloon compression of spinal cord. In this study we examined whether this is a consequence of rapid activation of spinal pathways leading to sympathetic venoconstriction, blood pressure rise, and reflex bradycardia. We found that NPE development can be prevented by epidural upper thoracic anesthesia or by transection of the upper spinal cord. This indicates an important role of spinal pathways activation. NPE development can also be prevented by moderate blood loss, supporting the role of blood redistribution to pulmonary circulation. In rats developing NPE the catecholamine surge following spinal cord compression involved not only a dramatic increase of circulating norepinephrine but also of epinephrine levels. The pretreatment of rats with α-1 adrenoceptor blocker prazosin, α-2 adrenoceptor blocker yohimbine, or calcium channel blocker nifedipine prevented NPE development, whereas the effect of β-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol was less convincing. In conclusion, considerable activation of thoracic spinal pathways, followed by marked catecholamine secretion, play a major role in the development of NPE in spinal cord-injured rats. Enhanced α-adrenergic nifedipine-sensitive vasoconstriction is responsible for observed blood pressure changes, subsequent baroreflex bradycardia, and blood volume redistribution, which represent major pathogenetic mechanisms of NPE development.     

Increased visceral sensitivity to capsaicin after DSS-induced colitis in mice: spinal cord c-Fos expression and behavior

During acute and chronic inflammation visceral pain perception is altered. Conflicting data exist, however, on visceral pain perception in the postinflammatory phase. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether visceral pain perception is altered after resolution of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation of the colon. Visceral sensory function in mice was assessed by monitoring behavioral responses to intracolonic capsaicin instillation. Two hours later the number of c-Fos-positive neurons in lamina I/II and X of spinal cord segments T(12/13)-S1 was determined as a measure of neuronal activation. DSS colitis was induced by adding 1% of DSS to the drinking water. The course of DSS-induced colitis was assessed by determining the disease activity index score. Animals developed a transient colitis and had recovered at day 49. At this time point, cytokine levels and colon length were similar to control animals. Importantly, after resolution of DSS-induced colitis the behavioral response to intracolonic capsaicin was increased compared with control mice. Moreover, capsaicin-induced spinal cord neuronal c-Fos expression was significantly increased. Interestingly, after colitis animals also exhibited referred somatic hyperalgesia as measured with von Frey hairs on the abdominal wall. We conclude that postinflammatory visceral hyperalgesia occurs after resolution of DSS-induced colitis and that capsaicin-induced behavioral responses and spinal cord neuronal c-Fos activation are effective readouts for determination of visceral pain perception.     

氯化两面针碱对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的干预作用及其机制*

目的:探讨氯化两面针碱(NC)通过靶向miR-31对葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱发小鼠结肠炎的保护作用及其机制。方法:用1%DSS诱发小鼠溃疡性结肠炎(UC)。30只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常对照组(Control)(n=7),DSS组(n=8),DSS+NC组(7.27 mg/kg)(n=8)和NC组(n=7),饮水给予DSS,灌胃给予氯化两面针碱。造模周期为3周,分别为Control组和NC组每天饮用无菌水,DSS组和DSS+NC组第一周饮用1% DSS水,第2周正常饮水,第3周1% DSS水。造模最后一周给予Control组和DSS组小鼠0.5% 羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)灌胃,DSS+NC组和NC组给予NC灌胃。造模完成后,观察小鼠结肠炎相关的疾病活动指数(DAI),HE染色进行结肠组织病理评分,qPCR检测小鼠结肠组织miR-31的表达水平,Western blot检测小鼠结肠组织炎症蛋白NF-κB和COX-2的表达情况。结果:①与DSS组相比,DSS+NC组的 DAI 显著降低(P＜0.01),结肠病理损伤明显改善;②与Control组相比,DSS组小鼠结肠组织miR-31表达显著升高(P＜0.01),DSS+NC组miR-31的表达水平显著低于DSS组(P＜0.05);③与DSS组相比,DSS+NC组中的炎症蛋白NF-κB和COX-2表达水平显著下降(P＜0.05)。结论:氯化两面针碱对DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎有明显的治疗作用,其抗炎机制与下调miR-31的表达有关。     

双歧杆菌调节VIP/cAMP/PKA和mTOR通路改善溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的实验研究

摘要 目的：探讨双歧杆菌MIMBb75通过调节血管活性肠肽（VIP）/环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）/蛋白激酶A（PKA）和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）通路对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）小鼠的影响。方法：BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照（NC）组、结肠炎模型（UC）组、Mesalazine组和MIMBb75低、高剂量组、MIMBb75高剂量+VIP antagonist组、MIMBb75高剂量+MHY1485组（每组10只）,除NC组外均采用5%葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导UC模型。治疗结束后,观察小鼠的一般情况及UC疾病活动指数（DAI）,检测小鼠肠道组织病理损伤、结肠组织中髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性、肠道菌群多样性（Chao指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数）及结肠组织VIP、cAMP、PKA、水通道蛋白3（AQP3）、mTOR、核糖体蛋白S6激酶（S6K1）的mRNA和蛋白水平。结果：与UC组相比,MIMBb75低、高剂量组和Mesalazine组小鼠的体重升高、DAI评分降低,组织病理损伤得到改善,结肠长度增加,MPO活性降低,Chao指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数升高;VIP、cAMP、PKA、AQP3的mRNA水平和VIP、cAMP、AQP3蛋白的表达及PKA的磷酸化水平升高,mTOR和S6K1 mRNA及其蛋白的磷酸化水平降低（P<0.05）。与MIMBb75高剂量组相比,MIMBb75高剂量+VIP antagonist组VIP、cAMP、PKA、AQP3的mRNA水平和VIP、cAMP、AQP3蛋白的表达及PKA的磷酸化水平降低（P<0.05）;MIMBb75高剂量+MHY1485组mTOR和S6K1 mRNA及其蛋白的磷酸化水平升高（P<0.05）。VIP antagonist和MHY1485均能逆转MIMBb75对UC小鼠的保护作用,使其结肠损伤加重,MPO活性增高（P<0.05）。结论：双歧杆菌可改善UC小鼠的结肠损伤,增加肠道菌群的多样性,这可能与激活VIP/cAMP/PKA通路、抑制mTOR通路有关。     

桂皮醛对DSS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的保护作用研究

为探讨桂皮醛(CA)对实验性溃疡性结肠炎(UC)小鼠的保护作用及其初步机制,用柳氮磺胺吡啶(300 mg/kg)做为阳性对照,CA分别以150、250、500 mg/kg的剂量对3％葡聚硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的UC小鼠进行灌胃治疗.观察小鼠给药前后状态的变化并进行DAI评分,HE染色法观察小鼠结肠组织形态的变化并进行病理...