威海地区547例甲真菌病真菌培养结果分析

目的了解山东省威海地区甲真菌病的临床分类、菌种构成等流行情况。方法对547例镜检阳性的甲真菌病患者进行真菌培养、鉴定和临床分析。结果547例患者中真菌培养阳性423例,阳性率77.3%,远端侧位甲下型甲真菌病(DLSO)295例(53.9%),白色浅表型甲真菌病(SWO)36例(6.5%),近端侧位甲下型甲真菌病(PSO)78例(14.2%),全甲营养不良型甲真菌病(TDO)138例(25.2%)。共分离出429株真菌,其中皮肤癣菌354株(82.5%),酵母菌61株(14.2%),非皮肤癣菌霉菌14株(3.3%)。结论山东省威海地区甲真菌病病原体的分布以皮肤癣菌为主,其次为酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌霉菌,红色毛癣菌是最常见的皮肤癣菌,临床类型以DLSO型居多,其他依次是TDO、PSO、SWO。就诊人群中以20～50岁年龄段为最多见。     

637例甲真菌病临床类型及致病真菌分析

目的了解637例甲真菌病患者的临床分类、致病真菌菌种构成及其分布。方法按甲真菌病诊断标准收集近3a来637例真菌培养阳性甲真菌病患者并临床分类,按真菌学分类标准诊断致病菌种类,分析各菌种在临床病种、年龄段、性别等的分布。结果临床分型以远端侧位甲下型为主(72.06%)。菌种构成为皮肤癣菌占69.39%、酵母菌占18.68%、非皮肤癣菌霉菌占11.93%。皮肤癣菌中红色毛癣菌353株(79.86%),酵母菌中白念珠菌67株(56.30%),非皮肤癣菌中以青霉和曲霉为主。致病菌种的分布在不同年龄段及性别间存在差异,但均以皮肤癣菌为主。结论甲真菌病的临床类型以远端侧位甲下型为主,红色毛癣菌为优势致病菌。     

805例甲真菌病真菌培养结果分析

目的了解近年来我院甲真菌病病原菌的种类和构成分布情况,并研究其流行病学特点。方法收集2008年6月-2012年11月间我院皮肤科实验室甲真菌病患者病甲真菌学培养阳性的病例并进行分析。结果共收集到805例病甲真菌培养阳性的甲真菌病病例。酵母菌407株,占50．55％,皮肤癣菌385株,占47．95％,霉菌13株,占1．61％。不同年龄段的甲真菌病患者的菌属分布存在差异。结论我院近年来甲真菌病病原菌最常见为酵母菌,其次为皮肤癣菌和霉菌。年龄是影响菌属分布的重要因素。     

国内多中心甲真菌病病原菌流行病学调查

目的了解国内甲真菌病病原菌的种类和构成情况,掌握流行病学资料。方法对真菌镜检阳性的1 428例甲真菌病患者进行真菌培养和临床分析。结果真菌培养阳性率为53.9%,分离出病原菌800株。其中皮肤癣菌占84.0%,以红色毛癣菌为主(80.9%),其次为指(趾)间毛癣菌和絮状表皮癣菌。酵母菌占11.4%,以念珠菌属为主(10.1%),尤以近平滑念珠菌为主,其次为白念珠菌和热带念珠菌。其他霉菌占4.6%,以枝顶孢霉为主(2.3%),其次曲霉属、青霉属、毛壳菌属、镰刀菌属和帚霉属等。结论本研究显示甲真菌病病原菌以皮肤癣菌为主,其次为酵母菌和霉菌。     

广州地区甲真菌病致病真菌的变迁趋势研究

目的为了解广州地区甲真菌病的致病菌种分布情况.方法笔者采用真菌培养法对临床症状典型或镜检阳性的甲真菌病病甲进行培养.结果分离出致病真菌618株,其中皮肤癣菌417株,占67.5%,酵母菌149株,占23.8%,霉菌54株,占8.7%.结论广州地区的甲真菌病的致病菌除皮肤癣菌外,酵母菌,霉菌也占一定的比例,近几年酵母菌感染有上升趋势.     

甲真菌病治疗失败的原因与对策

甲真菌病是真菌引起的指（趾）甲感染,病原菌包括皮肤癣菌、酵母菌（主要是念珠菌）和霉菌,在2002～2004年对中国部分地区甲真菌病的致病菌调查研究表明,皮肤癣菌感染占甲真菌病的66．4％-67．9％,多数为红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌 。甲真菌病约占浅部真菌病的30％,     

濮阳市部分浅部真菌病中癣菌和念珠菌混合感染的分析

目的了解濮阳地区部分浅部真菌病中两种及两种以上真菌混合感染的情况。方法对临床确诊为浅部真菌病的患者456例,取标本行10%KOH直接镜检、真菌培养及菌种鉴定。登记确诊患者相关临床资料,分析其中混合感染的发病特点。结果确诊皮肤癣菌和念珠菌混合感染病例36例,分离率为7.89%,多见于股部(58.33%)和足部(27.78%);分离菌株72株,皮肤癣菌中以红色毛癣菌为主(75.00%),念珠菌中以非白念珠菌为主(72.22%)。结论濮阳地区部分浅部真菌病中混合感染主要为皮肤癣菌和念珠菌的混合感染,多见于股部和足部;致病菌以红色毛癣菌和非白念珠菌为主。     

468例甲真菌病临床类型及病原菌分析

目的探讨本地区甲真菌病的菌种构成、临床分型和各年龄段发病情况。方法对2010年1月至2013年12月来平湖市中医院皮肤科就诊的468例甲屑培养阳性病例病原菌进行回顾性统计分析。结果甲真菌病以皮肤癣菌为主,占58.76%;酵母菌次之,占30.13%;霉菌第三,占11.11%。临床分型远端甲下型(DLSO)、全甲营养不良型(TDO)、近端甲下型(PSO)和浅表白色型(SWO)分别为50.64%、25.21%、16.03%和8.12%。发病年龄以36~50岁为主,20~35岁次之。结论甲真菌病病原菌以皮肤癣菌为主,临床分型以DLSO型为主,年龄分布以20~50岁为主。     

国内甲真菌病病原学的流行病学调查

甲真菌病是最常见的甲病,通常认为甲真菌病在人群中的发病率在3%～5%之间,在某些特定人群中的发病率可能会更高一些.甲真菌病的致病真菌可以分为三类,皮肤癣菌、酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌霉菌.通常认为在这三类致病真菌中,皮肤癣菌最为常见.但是,随着对甲真菌病认识的加深,实验室检查方法的改进以及研究资料的日益丰富,我们发现甲真菌病的流行情况十分复杂,受到多种因素的影响.不同地区,气候条件差异、患者职业、感染部位不同均会对引起甲真菌病的致病真菌种类产生影响.……     

南京地区734例甲真菌病临床及致病菌分析CSCD

甲真菌病是由皮肤癣菌、酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌性霉菌,侵犯甲板和/或甲床所致的病变。其中由皮肤癣菌引起的甲真菌病又称为甲癣。甲真菌病的发病率占自然人群的2%~18%[1]。在真菌镜检的基础上再做真菌培养,明确病原菌的种类,将为药物选择带来较明确的方向。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism