MRFs家族基因在翘嘴鳜成体不同组织及器官中的表达特征

生肌调节因子(MRFs)家族成员包括MRF4、Myf5、Myogenin和MyoD,是肌肉形成的关键控制因素,其作为一种转录因子在肌肉的发育分化过程中发挥重要作用。本研究通过RT-qPCR方法分析MRFs家族基因在翘嘴鳜成体中不同组织及器官的表达情况,阐明其在肌肉组织中的特异性表达。结果显示:MRFs家族基因在成体翘嘴鳜肌肉、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、肠道和脑组织及器官中均检测到表达,且在肌肉中的表达量显著高于其他组织及器官中的表达量(p<0.05)。为研究生肌调节因子在翘嘴鳜肌肉发育过程中的作用提供了基础资料。     

研究荧光标记BCAA及AAA在大鼠体内代谢

使用DNS-Cl标记BCAA及AAA等六种氨基酸,观察这些氨基酸在大鼠小肠的吸收,血液的清除以及肝脏、肌肉、肾脏、脑等器官的摄取及排空情况。结果:小肠在30分钟开始吸收,4小时部分排空;血液在4小时开始清除,16小时清除完毕;肝脏、肌肉、肾脏、脑组织等,都在30分钟全部或部分摄取,但各器官对不同氨基酸,排空的时间不尽相同。     

Comparative study on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio by mercury and zinc.

The effects of sublethal concentrations of mercury (0.1mg/l) and zinc (6 mg/l) on acetylcholinesterase activity and acetylcholine content of gill, kidney, intestine, brain, liver and muscle of the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio at 1, 15 and 30 days of exposure were studied. A significant suppression in acetylcholinesterase activity was recorded in all the organs from both mercury and zinc intoxicated fish at all the exposure periods. Concurrently, a significant increase in the content of acetylcholine in the organs was observed. These changes observed in the organs of mercury treated fish in different exposure periods were in the order 1 greater than 15 less than 30 days and in zinc treated fish 1 greater than 15 greater than 30 days. Further, these changes were greater in magnitude in the brain, liver and muscle (non-osmoregulatory organs) than in the gill, kidney and intestine (osmoregulatory organs) in both metal media.     

低温对黑线仓鼠能量代谢、抗氧化能力和氧化应激的影响

为探讨低温对机体能量代谢、器官/组织抗氧化能力和过氧化自由基水平的影响及其内在联系,本研究测定了不同时间低温和梯度低温处理的黑线仓鼠的摄食量、体重、主要内脏器官/组织的过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、H₂O₂和丙二醛（MDA）水平。低温使摄食量显著增加,但未影响体重。低温暴露42 d使心脏和骨骼肌MDA水平、骨骼肌SOD活性显著升高;梯度低温使脑和肾脏H₂O₂水平、肝脏和骨骼肌SOD活性显著降低,使脑、肝脏、肺、肾脏MDA水平、脑和小肠SOD活性显著升高。抗氧化能力和过氧化自由基水平在不同器官之间相关性存在差异,同一器官内二者的相关性在肾脏为100%,肝脏66.7%,骨骼肌50.0%。结果表明：（1）过氧化自由基的产生与低温暴露的时间和程度有关;（2）不同器官/组织过氧化自由基水平不同;（3）部分器官/组织抗氧化酶活性的变化与过氧化自由基水平的变化密切相关,可能是防止过氧化损伤的主要防御系统。     

Changes in glutamine synthesis activity in the different organs of developing rats

The changes experienced by the glutamine synthetase activity in the liver, kidney, striated muscle, adipose tissue, brain, stomach, small intestine and skin of developing rats have been estimated. Skin and stomach enzymes attained the adult values in the late foetal period. Striated muscle, intestine and kidney glutamine synthetase belonged to the neonatal cluster, while liver and brain rose to values comparable to those of adults in late suckling. Glutamine synthesis between different organs of the rat during development matures soon after birth, gaining a considerable importance that helps to compensate the lack of availability of other nitrogen transport systems between peripheral and splanchnic bed organs in developing rats.     

黄颡鱼溶酶体酸性脂肪酶基因的cDNA序列、启动子及其转录调控分析

通过分子结构、组织表达及启动子结构功能分析,探讨黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)溶酶体酸性脂肪酶(Lysosmal acid lipase,lal)基因的分子特征及转录调控,为lal在鱼类脂质代谢和转录水平的调控提供新的视野.实验采用RT-PCR和RACE克隆lal基因的cDNA全长序列,其长度...     

Time-related alterations of superoxide radical levels in diverse organs of bile duct-ligated rats

The time-related alterations of superoxide radical measured in vivo by employing an ultrasensitive fluorescent assay in the liver, intestine, kidney and brain of rats with experimentally induced obstructive jaundice was investigated. Eighteen rats were randomly divided into Group A, rats subjected to sham operation, and Group B, rats subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL). Three rats from each group were subsequently killed at different time points post-operatively (1, 5 and 10 days). As compared to sham-operated, BDL rats showed a gradual increase with time of superoxide radical in the intestine, liver, kidney and brain: for animals sacrificed on the 1^st, 5^th and 10^th day the increase was 45%, 50% and 96% in the liver, 76%, 81% and 118% in the intestine, 64%, 71% and 110% in the kidney and 76%, 95% and 142% in the brain, respectively. This study provides direct evidence of an early appearance of oxidative stress in diverse organs, implying a uniform systemic response to biliary obstruction and emphasizing the need of early bile flow restoration.     

Glutamine synthetase activity in the organs of fed and 24-hours fasted rats

Glutamine synthetase activity in several rat tissues had been measured. Liver contains the highest specific activity followed by stomach, brain, kidneys, intestine, skin, adipose tissue and striated muscle - that had the lowest specific activity both with regard to tissue, protein and DNA weight. Per unit of animal weight, liver and muscle contain similar activities, 24 Hours of fasting induced a significant decrease in liver, stomach, intestine and skin glutamine synthetase, compensated by an increase in muscle activity. During fasting, the splanchnic glutamine synthetase activity is lowered and that of peripheral tissues is increased, thus favoring a net glutamine flux from peripheral to splanchnic organs.     

Accumulation of pollutants in fish

The amount of radioactivity which derived from 14C-labeled pollutants was determined in liver, kidney, intestine, blood, muscle and gills of carp, exposed for 6, 24 and 72 hr to high external concentrations of urea, methanol, atrazine and PCP. The results allowed one to calculate roughly the uptake rate for these compounds. It was low for urea (0.055 micrograms/g per hr), higher for methanol (0.12) and atrazine (0.16) and highest for PCP (1.5). The bioaccumulation factors (BFs) were determined for the different substances and organs. They correlated with the hydrophilic-lipophilic nature of the chemicals. The more lipophilic the substances the more accumulation occurred in the liver. PCP accumulated the most. BF was 300-400 in most tissues except muscle where it was quite low. The BF was 3-4 for atrazine in liver, kidney and intestine, but just 1 in blood, muscle and gills. There is some evidence that the BF for methanol equals 1 in liver, kidney, gills and intestine. It is less than 1 in blood and muscle. Urea was equally distributed in all organs and in the external medium.