蚯蚓纤溶酶的成分分析

蚯蚓纤溶酶（ｅａｒｔｈｗｏｒｍｆｉｂｒｉｎｏｌｙｔｉｃｅｎｚｙｍｅｓ,ＥＦＥ）是从蚯蚓体内提取的一类纤维蛋白水解酶,是一种新的溶栓药．利用亲和层析技术,自蚯蚓匀浆液一步提取蚯蚓纤溶酶,并对该酶的成分进行了分析．实验表明,蚯蚓纤溶酶是一组非均一的糖蛋白,含糖量为５％左右,以中性已糖为主;等电点（ｐＩ）在４．０以下;富含Ａｓｐ,而Ｍｅｔ、Ｔｒｐ和Ｌｙｓ含量很少;ｌｍｇ蚯蚓纤溶酶相当于２５０～３００尿激酶单位．     

蚯蚓纤溶酶底物特异性

蚯蚓纤溶酶是具有较强溶栓作用的丝氨酸蛋白酶,为研究蚯蚓纤溶酶在溶栓的同时是否对其他血液蛋白有破坏作用,本实验以一些血液功能蛋白为底物,用蚯蚓纤溶酶在体外对其进行水解,采用SDS—PAGE检测水解前后底物成分的变化。结果显示,蚯蚓纤溶酶短时间内能完全水解纤维蛋白和纤维蛋白原,长时间作用下能部分水解牛血清白蛋白和人免疫球蛋白重链,不水解牛血红蛋白、牛血超氧化物歧化酶和牛凝血酶原。表明蚯蚓纤溶酶对血栓成分具有较强的识别和水解能力,而对其他血液蛋白作用微弱,说明蚯蚓纤溶酶作为药物使用时具有较强的溶栓和预防血栓形成的作用,且副作用较小。     

赤爱胜蚯蚓(Eisenia Foetida Sarigny)纤溶酶的研究Ⅱ药理学作用

对蚯蚓纤溶酶进行了哈白兔体内、体外溶栓、抗凝试验,分别以蛇毒抗栓酶和尿激酶不同剂量组作对照试验,均有显著的溶解血栓功能.另外,蚯蚓纤溶酶溶解天然血块,对纤维蛋白原含量及凝血时间影响的药理学试验,结果证明蚯蚓纤溶酶具有溶栓与抗凝作用.     

蚯蚓纤溶酶的糖成分分析

以大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂为配基的亲和层析制备的蚯蚓纤溶酶是一组糖蛋白。通过苯酚一硫酸法测中性糖,3,5一二硝基水扬酸法测还原糖,硅胶G薄层层析法鉴定糖的种类,结果为：蚯蚓纤溶酶主要含有中性己糖,含量为15％左右,TFMS的去糖处理会使蚯蚓纤溶酶酶活丢失．     

蚯蚓纤溶酶分子生物学进展

蚯蚓纤溶酶是近年发现的一种新型的溶解血栓物质,属丝氨酸蛋白酶,不同种属的蚯蚓中均可分离到,具纤溶活性和溶栓活性。有较好的热稳定性,多为单体酶,多数兼有纤溶活性和纤溶酶原激活活性。不同种属的蚯蚓分离的纤溶酶性质上有一定差别。已获得多种纤溶酶的N端序列及部分核酸序列,相互之间及与某些蛋白酶之间有一定的同源性。纤溶酶通过降解目的蛋白的特定位点而起作用 。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶分子生物学进展

蚯蚓纤溶酶是近年发现的一种新型的溶解血栓物质,属丝氨酸蛋白酶,不同种属的蚯蚓中均可分离到,具纤溶活性和溶栓活性。有较好的热稳定性,多为单体酶,多数兼有纤溶活性和纤溶酶原激活活性。不同种属的蚯蚓分离的纤溶酶性质上有一定差别。已获得多种纤溶酶的N端序列及部分核酸序列,相互之间及与某些蛋白酶之间有一定的同源性。纤溶酶通过降解目的蛋白的特定位点而起作用。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化及部分序列的测定

以新鲜蚯蚓为原料,经过保温抽提、乙醇沉淀、DEAE-SepharoseFastFlow离子交换层析、Lysine-Sepharose4B亲和层析以及SDS-PAGE制备电泳等纯化步聚,得到一种纯度达95％以上的蚯蚓纤溶酶．该酶具有强烈的溶解纤维蛋白的作用及蛋白酶活性,平板法测得其比活性为90OUK单位／毫克蛋白,TAME法测得其比活性为2500O单位／毫克蛋白．酶学性质研究表明其最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应PH值为8．5．该酶的分子量为33kD,等电点为pH3．5．还对该酶进行了氨基酸组成分析,并测定了其N端部分序列．     

反相色谱分离蚯蚓纤溶酶的初步研究

蚯蚓纤溶酶是由日本宫崎医科大学的Ｍｉｈａｒａ^［１］于１９８２年从蚯蚓的肠和体液中发现的。由于蚯蚓纤溶酶有良好的溶解血检的作用,可以治疗一系列与血栓形成有关的疾病,因而在临床上有很大的应用价值^[2],有可能成为一种新型的溶栓药物,继尿激酶、链激酶等之后应用于临床[4].关于蚯蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化,大多采用盐析、凝胶层析及离子交换层析等方法^[2-6],也有人采用亲和层析的方法^[7].本文以赤子爱胜蚓纤溶酶粗品为对象,对用反相色谱技术分离蚯蚓纤溶酶进行了初步尝试,现将结果报道如下。     

重组海蚯蚓纤溶酶的克隆、表达及活性鉴定

纤溶酶在溶栓治疗中起重要作用,能够溶解血凝块的主要成分纤维蛋白。采用RACE方法从海蚯蚓消化道组织中扩增出海蚯蚓纤溶酶编码序列,构建该基因原核表达载体,并进一步构建工程菌表达融合蛋白,经Ni2+树脂柱纯化后通过平板法检测该融合蛋白纤维蛋白酶原激活活性。结果获得海蚯蚓纤溶酶的c DNA序列和氨基酸序列,并成功构建重组表达载体p ET-21a-AFE,表达纯化出融合蛋白,该融合蛋白能够激活纤维蛋白酶原而溶解纤维蛋白。总之,本研究获得了海蚯蚓纤溶酶的c DNA序列和氨基酸序列,并初步证明其具有纤维蛋白酶原激活活性,为临床新型溶栓药物的开发提供实验基础。     

重组海蚯蚓纤溶酶的克隆、表达及活性鉴定北大核心CSCD

纤溶酶在溶栓治疗中起重要作用,能够溶解血凝块的主要成分纤维蛋白。采用RACE方法从海蚯蚓消化道组织中扩增出海蚯蚓纤溶酶编码序列,构建该基因原核表达载体,并进一步构建工程菌表达融合蛋白,经Ni2+树脂柱纯化后通过平板法检测该融合蛋白纤维蛋白酶原激活活性。结果获得海蚯蚓纤溶酶的c DNA序列和氨基酸序列,并成功构建重组表达载体p ET-21a-AFE,表达纯化出融合蛋白,该融合蛋白能够激活纤维蛋白酶原而溶解纤维蛋白。总之,本研究获得了海蚯蚓纤溶酶的c DNA序列和氨基酸序列,并初步证明其具有纤维蛋白酶原激活活性,为临床新型溶栓药物的开发提供实验基础。     

A PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME OF SERUM: CHARACTERIZATION,ACTIVATION, AND REACTION WITH INHIBITORS

1. Fibrinolysin-activated lysin factor and chloroform-activated serum protease of serum and plasma are one and the same enzyme, differing only in their mode of activation. 2. The enzyme as it normally occurs in serum or plasma is not inactive because of combination with serum inhibitor. It is present as an inactive precursor or zymogen and may be activated from this state by streptococcal fibrinolysin. 3. The activation of serum protease by streptococcal fibrinolysin is a catalytic reaction, analogous to the kinase activation of trypsinogen by enterokinase. Treatment of serum or plasma with chloroform apparently results in removal of serum inhibitor which may allow autocatalytic activation of the serum protease. 4. The serum enzyme differs from trypsin in its pH of optimum activity, in its reactions with specific protease inhibitors, and in its action on casein. 5. A revised nomenclature for the serum enzyme system is suggested which more accurately describes its properties than the terms in current use.     

赤爱胜蚯蚓（Eiseniba Foetida Sarigng）纤溶酶的研究──■蚯蚓纤溶酶活性测定方法的研究

本文主要阐述了蚯蚓纤溶酶活性（效价）的测定方法的研究结果。通过对气泡上升法,精氨酸脂酶法（ＴＡＭＥ法）和纤维蛋白平板法测定蚯蚓纤溶酶活性的比较,最后认为纤维蛋白平板法能够客观地表示出纤溶酶溶解血栓的能力,虽然方法较为复杂,难度较大,但准确性强,结果可靠。ＴＡＭＥ法由于受样品中混有杂蛋白酶其稳定性受到一定的影响,但此法简便易行可作为中间产品的快速检测。文中详细地介绍了纤维蛋白平板法。     

营养条件对枯草杆菌生产血纤维蛋白溶解酶的影响

选用经过分离纯化的枯草杆菌FM—SZ,研究了发酵营养条件,如葡萄糖、胰蛋白联。大豆粉、玉米粉、表面活性剂和底物等对枯草杆菌产血纤维蛋白溶解酶和产酶特性的影响。研究结果表明,添加胰蛋白胜能明显提高产酶,达到 594UK.UJml;tween 40的添加可以进一步提高产酶,酶活可达 645UK.U/ml。研究还发现液体培养条件下枯草杆菌血纤维蛋白溶解酸酶合成类型为延续合成型。     

Androgen-dependent fibrinolytic activity in a murine mammary carcinoma (Shionogi SC-115 cells) in vitro.

Physiological concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) can specifically induce the release of fibrinolysin from androgen-dependent mammary carcinoma (Shionogi SC-115) cells in vitro. No fibrinolytic activity was observed in cells cultured either in the absence of DHT or presence of pharmacological concentrations of estrogen. Furthermore, an autonomous tumor derived from the Shionogi SC-115 cells produced fibrinolytic activity independent of added DHT or estrogen. These observations suggest a close correlation between fibrinolytic activity of a tumor and its ability to grow in vivo.     

Stability and specificity of extracellular protein inhibitor for trypsin from Actinomyces janthinus 118]

Some properties of protein inhibitor for trypsin (TI) from Act. janthinus 118 were studied. It was shown that TI has an antitrypsin activity within a wide pH range with a maximum at about 9,5. At 4 degrees and 20 degrees C TI is stable for 24 hours within the pH range of 6,0--11,0. At 100 degrees C TI is more stable in the slightly acid region of pH than at neutral or alkaline conditions. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inactivate the inhibitor for 8 hours. TI inhibits trypsin, fibrinolysin, subtilisin, pronase and terrilytin, but have no effect on chymotrypsin, thrombin, papain and pepsin. The dissociation constants for the trypsin-inhibitor complex were found to be 1,7.10-8 M, 4,1.10-9 M and 2,4.10-10 M, with casein, p-nitroanilide benzoylarginine and tosylarginine methyl ester used as substrates, respectively. The corresponding dissociation rate constants for the subtilisin-inhibitor complex were equal to 1.10-9 M and 4.10-10 M with casein and carbobenzoxy-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-leucin p-nitroanilide used as substrates, respectively.     

纤溶酶产生菌中华根霉12~#的诱变选育

以产纤溶酶菌中华根霉12~#为出发菌株,以SDS为抗性因子,紫外线为诱变剂,通过液体发酵的方式筛选高产菌株。共得到48株SDS抗性突变株,命名为LH-系列。经过筛选,得到了1株遗传稳定、酶活力提高了120%左右的高产菌株LH-45,以及2株具有潜在高产能力的突变株LH-15和LH-28。     

The secretion of fibrinolysin by cultured rat ovarian tumor cells

Rat ovarian tumor cells grown in culture secrete a fibrinolysin which can be obtained in highly purified form from conditioned serum-free medium. Increased fibrinolytic activity may be a property associated with neoplasia and is currently under active investigation.     

重组textlinin-1抑制活性的性质研究

目的对毕赤酵母表达的textlinin-1(Q8008)进行分离纯化,并对其抑制plasmin活性的性质进行研究。方法构建表达Q8008pachia pastoris工程菌,经发酵、纯化得到纯度达95%以上的Q8008。考察不同的温度、pH缓冲液和金属离子等条件对Q8008抑制plasmin活性的影响。结果 Q8008在中性条件下比较稳定,其最适pH值为7.0,最适温度为40℃,在30~50℃相对酶活力在90.0%以上;有2个金属离子对Q8008活性测定方法的影响产生了显著性差异,Zn2+起激活作用,Co2+起抑制作用,其余金属离子均无显著性差异。结论 Q8008在中性pH下抑制活性稳定;在50℃以下,受温度变化影响较小;金属离子对其抑制活性测定有一定影响。     

Study of protein and carbohydrate products, synthesized by Yersinia pestis under conditions imitating the internal environment of mammalian phagolysosomal macrophages

Acid shift (pH 4.0) of liquid nutrient medium containing 20 mM Mg2+ created conditions in vitro simulating the internal environment of phagolysosome into which Yersinia pestis captured by a macrophage get in vivo. The capacity of Y. pestis to survive and multiply under these conditions irrespective of the plasmid composition of strains was confirmed experimentally. Y. pestis possesses a specific mechanism of fibrinolytic activity inhibition, preventing proteolytic degradation under the effect of Ca-dependent polypeptide (Yops) fibrinolysin and potentiating, in addition to these latter, the production of the so-called "acid" proteins by Y. pestis, coded for by pCad2+ or chromosome, including the potentially new members of LCR family. The culturing conditions affect the length of O-specific lateral chains of Y. pestis lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which corresponds to LPS SR, but not R form.     

重组定点突变巴曲酶酶学性质研究

目的对重组定点突变巴曲酶的酶学性质进行研究,为开发成临床用药奠定基础。方法测定不同的温度、pH缓冲液和金属离子等条件对重组定点突变巴曲酶活性的影响。结果重组定点突变巴曲酶的最适pH值在6．5～7．5之间。该酶在50℃以下活力保持90％以上,但当温度超过60℃时,该酶已完全失活。Ca^2＋和Na^＋离子对酶的稳定性无明显影响,而Mg^2＋、K^＋、Mn^2＋离子则表现为激活作用,Zn^2、＋Cu^2＋、Fe^2＋、Co^＋离子则表现为明显的抑制作用。结论重组定点突变巴曲酶在中性条件下比较稳定,它不耐高温,金属离子对其活性有一定的影响。