全军中医药学会皮肤病专业委员会第二次常委扩大会议纪要

全军中医药学会皮肤病专业委员会第二次常委扩大会议于2009年7月4日-5日在黑龙江省牡丹江市顺利召开。会议由全军中医药学会皮肤病专业委员会、空军总医院皮肤科承办。来自解放军301医院、第二军医大学、第三军医大学、空军总医院、海军总医院、武警总医院、广州军区总医院、沈阳军区总医院、第二炮兵总医院、兰州军区总医院的代表参加了本次会议,他们是（按姓氏笔画为序）王萍、史飞、刘元林、李安信、李志强、张士发、杜华、邹先彪、杨维玲、杨晓红、赵广、郝飞、崔东斌、温海、谢方明、廖元兴、漆军等。     

《植物学报》第六届编委会第二次会议纪要

《植物学报》第六届编委会第二次会议于2012年1月5日在湖南农业大学图书馆会议室隆重召开。主编种康,副主编杨维才、瞿礼嘉、王台、王小菁、蒋高明,责任编委安黎哲、陈凡、戴思兰、郝东云、黄建辉、孔宏智、李传友、林宏辉、孟征、任毅、王慧中、萧浪涛、徐云远、张红生、张建华、张仲凯、赵桂仿和左建儒     

八届三次《遗传》编委会议在昆明召开

2012年12月1日下午,"八届三次《遗传》编委会议"在昆明云安会都召开,执行主编张永清、副主编褚嘉祐、李巍、张勤、编委方向东、何凤田、赫崇波、胡松年、李家乐、李庆伟、刘钢、苗龙、石春海、施鹏、王义权、肖春杰、徐存拴、杨永华、张博、张根发、朱友林等参加了会议。中国遗传学会办公室主任王长城、《遗传》编辑部主任李绍武、副主任张颖与陈晓芳、张艳编辑参加了会议。     

微生物生物技术及其产品的市场浅析

微生物生物技术(或称微生物技术)是一门以应用微生物学为主体的综合性技术群,主要包括微生物学、生物化学、遗传学及基因工程、细胞工程、酶工程、发酵工程和生化工程等。从纵向划分,包括研究、发展和生产。利用微生物技术生产的产品包括酒类、调味品、有机溶剂、有机酸、氨基酸、维生素、抗生素、甾体激素、酶制剂、活性肽及蛋白、酵母及其它单细胞蛋白、淀粉糖等。应用范围包括食品、轻工、医药、农业、化工、矿业和环境保护等方面。     

第十一届国际化石刺丝胞与多孔类学术研讨会在比利时召开北大核心CSCD

第十一届国际化石刺丝胞与多孔类学术研讨会于2011年8月21—26日在比利时的列日大学召开。全球27个国家将近有100名代表出席会议。除了东道主比利时外,参加会议的有中国、俄罗斯、美国、英国、法国、加拿大、日本、澳大利亚、德国、意大利、荷兰、爱尔兰、西班牙、瑞士、奥地利、波兰、罗马尼亚、爱沙尼亚、     

《武汉植物学研究》第六届编委会第一次会议纪要

《武汉植物学研究》第五届编委会换届会议暨第六届编委会第一次会议于2009年12月6日在主办单位中科院武汉植物园召开。第六届编委会主编李绍华,副主编李建强、郭友好、孙蒙祥,编委陈凡、邱明华、曹坤芳、冯玉龙、刘永胜、包维凯、戴思兰、王建波、王有为、吕应堂、何光存、何光源、杨劭、李伟、王瑛、江明喜、刘贵华、胡鸿钧等和编辑部成员参加了会议。中科院武汉植物园党委书记罗志强,科研处副处长、湖北省植物学会秘书长梁琼,支撑中心主任杨中清也应邀出席了会议。     

西南银莲花(毛茛科)地理分布的订正—特别基于花粉形态证据

通过标本检查和花粉扫描电镜观察,发现过去鉴定为西南银莲花(Anemone davidiiFranch.)(毛茛科)的我国西藏东南部(墨脱)标本实际上属于三出银莲花(A. griffithiiHook. f.& Thoms.),所以以前关于西南银莲花产西藏东南部的记载是错误的。西南银莲花目前仅发现分布于我国重庆(城口、南川、武隆、巫溪、酉阳、云阳)、贵州(江口、凯里、雷山)、湖北(神农架、兴山、宣恩、竹溪)、湖南(桑植、石门、新宁)、四川(安县、宝兴、都江堰、峨边、峨眉、洪雅、金阳、筠连、雷波、马边、石棉、天全、通江、荥经)和云南(大理、墨江、维西、中甸)。     

能排除人体毒素的食物

1．黄瓜：黄瓜原产于印度，又叫青瓜、胡瓜、刺瓜等，其性平、味甘，具有明显的清热解毒、生津止渴等功效。黄瓜中富含蛋白质、糖类、维生素B2、维生素C、维生素E、胡萝卜素、尼克酸、钙、磷、铁等营养成分，同时还含有丙醇二酸、葫芦素、柔软的细纤维等成分，是难得的排毒养颜佳品。     

《植物学报》第六届编委会第一次会议纪要

《植物学报》第六届编委会第一次会议于2009年6月11日在河南师范大学生命科学学院召开。主编种康,副主编杨维才、瞿礼嘉、王台、王小菁、袁明、蒋高明、钱前,责任编委安黎哲、陈凡、戴思兰、何奕昆、黄建辉、孔宏智、李思锋、林宏辉、刘宝、麻密、孟征、任东涛、尚富德、宋纯鹏、谭保才、田长恩、田世平、王慧中、王英典、吴鸿、萧浪涛、徐云远、杨淑华、张立新、张治礼、赵桂仿和郑海雷以及编辑部全体成员参加了会议。     

犀牛洞 一次考古大发现

有多少人知道,神农架还是洞穴的世界,如金洞、银洞、玉洞、冰洞、雨洞、雾洞、风洞、雷洞、鱼洞、蛙洞、白马洞、阳雀洞、鸳鸯洞、燕子洞,其中最奇特神秘的当属"犀牛洞"——它不仅深藏着大量古生物遗骸,而且还曾有远古人类居住过。     

Seasonal patterns in feeding ecology of three small fishes in the Biandantang Lake, China

Feeding ecology of three small fish species, Hypseleotris swinhonis, Ctenogobius giurinus and Pseudorasbora parva was studied seasonally in the Biandantang Lake, a small, shallow lake in central China. Gut length, adjusted for total body length, was significantly higher in spring than in other seasons for all the three species. Seasonal changes in gut length were not associated with changes in food quality. Weight of fore-gut contents, adjusted for body weight, was significantly higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn in H. swinhonis and C. giurinus , and significantly higher in autumn than in spring and summer for P. parva. Percentage of empty fore-guts was highest in summer and lowest in spring for H. swinhonis and C. giurinus , and highest in winter and lowest in autumn for P. parva. Diet of the three small fishes showed apparent seasonal changes, and these changes reflected partly the seasonal fluctuations of food resources in environment. Diet breadth was high in winter and low in autumn for H. swinhonis , high in winter and low in spring and summer for C. giurinus , and high in autumn and low in spring for P. parva. Diet overlaps between pairs of species were biologically significant in most cases, except between H. swinhonis and P. parva in summer and autumn and between C. giurinus and P. parva in autumn.     

Total nitrogen and free amino acids in Morus alba stems from autumn through spring

During leaf senescence and abscission, total nitrogen in leaves of mulberry ( Morus alba L. ev. Shin-ichinose) declined substantially whereas total nitrogen in buds, bark and stem wood increased markedly, suggesting translocation of nitrogen from senescent leaves in the autumn. After leaf abscission the winter buds and stems remained almost unchanged with respect to fresh and dry weight and total nitrogen until bud break in spring. In burst buds these parameters then increased drastically during the new growth while they decreased markedly in stems. Free arginine in the stem bark accumulated in parallel with the accumulation of total nitrogen in buds and stems in the autumn. Accumulation of proline in the wood, bark and buds also started in October but continued even after leaf-fall, increasing until mid-January (wood), mid-February (bark) and the new growth (buds). Prior to and in the early stage of bud break, proline in bark and wood decreased significantly and arginine in stem bark decreased slightly. Simultaneously, proline and arginine in the dormancy-releasing buds and asparagine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the buds and stems increased appreciably, suggesting that this increase in free amino acids was mainly derived from free amino acids (proline and arginine) stored in stems. The resulting marked decrease in total nitrogen and the drastic increase in asparagine in the stems and sprouting buds/new shoots were primarily due to a breakdown of protein stored in stems.     

Effects of ammonium sulphate application on the rhizosphere,fine-root and needle chemistry in aPicea abies (L.) Karst. stand

Rhizosphere, fine-root and needle chemistry were investigated in a 28 year old Norway spruce stand in SW Sweden. The uptake and allocation pattern of plant nutrients and aluminium in control plots (C) and plots repeatedly treated with ammonium sulphate (NS) were compared. Treatments started in 1988. Current year needles, one-year-old needles and cylindrical core samples of the LFH-layer and the mineral soil layers were sampled in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Compared to the control plots, pH decreased significantly in the rhizosphere soil in the NS plots in 1989 and 1990 while the SO₄-S concentration increased significantly. Aluminium concentration in the rhizosphere soil was generally higher in the NS plots in all soil layers, except at 0–10 cm depths, both in 1989 and 1990. Calcium, Mg and K concentrations also increased after treatment with ammonium sulphate. Ammonium ions may have replaced these elements in the soil organic matter. The NS treatment significantly reduced Mg concentrations in fine roots in all layers in 1990. A similar trend was found in the needles. Ca concentrations in fine roots were significantly lower in the NS plots in the LFH layer in 1990 and the same pattern was found in the current needles. The N and S concentrations of both fine roots and needles were significantly higher in the NS plots. It was suggested that NS treatment resulted in displacement of Mg, Ca and K from exchange sites in the LFH layer leading to leaching of these cations to the mineral soil. Further application of ammonium sulphate may damage the fine roots and consequently adversely affect the water and nutrient uptake of root systems.     

Species and individual differences in juvenile female alloparental care are associated with oxytocin receptor density in the striatum and the lateral septum

The neuropeptide oxytocin has been implicated in the regulation of affiliative behavior and maternal responsiveness in several mammalian species. Rodent species vary considerably in the expression of juvenile alloparental behavior. For example, alloparental behavior is spontaneous in juvenile female prairie voles (approximately 20 days of age), takes 1-3 days of pup exposure to develop in juvenile rats, and is nearly absent in juvenile mice and meadow voles. Here, we tested the hypothesis that species differences in pup responsiveness in juvenile rodents are associated with oxytocin receptor (OTR) density in specific brain regions. We found that OTR density in the nucleus accumbens (NA) is highest in juvenile prairie voles, intermediate in juvenile rats, and lowest in juvenile mice and meadow voles. In the caudate putamen (CP), OTR binding was highest in prairie voles, intermediate in rats and meadow voles, and lowest in mice. In contrast, the lateral septum (LS) shows an opposite pattern, with OTR binding being high in mice and meadow voles and low in prairie voles and rats. Thus, alloparental responsiveness in juvenile rodents is positively correlated with OTR density in the NA and CP and negatively correlated with OTR density in the LS. We then investigated whether a similar receptor-behavior relationship exists among juvenile female prairie voles by correlating individual variation in alloparental behavior with variation in OTR density. The time spent adopting crouching postures, the most distinctive component of alloparental behavior in juveniles, was positively correlated with OTR density in the NA (r = 0.47) and CP (r = 0.45) and negatively correlated with OTR density in the lateral septum (r = -0.53). Thus, variation in OTR density in the NA, CP, and LS may underlie both species and individual differences in alloparental care in rodents.     

Effects of Feeding and Drinking on Acetylcholine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens, Striatum, and Hippocampus of Freely Behaving Rats

Extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) were measured in the nucleus accumbens (NAC), striatum (STR), and hippocampus (HIPP) using microdialysis in 30-min intervals before, during, and after free-feeding in 20-h food-deprived rats. The effects on ACh in the NAC and STR were also observed in response to water intake in 20-h water-deprived animals. Neostigmine was used in the perfusate to improve ACh recovery. Basal ACh was sensitive to tetrodotoxin and low calcium, and therefore largely neuronal in origin. Feeding caused a 38% increase in extracellular ACh in the NAC and no change in the STR or HIPP. Dopamine was also increased in the NAC (48%) and to a lesser extent in the STR (21%) following feeding. Drinking caused 18-20% increases in ACh release in both the NAC and STR. In a separate experiment, ACh release in the NAC was monitored in 10-min intervals during free-feeding; ACh increased in the interval immediately following maximal food intake. These results suggest a site-specific increase in ACh release following feeding that cannot be solely attributed to the activation associated with this behavior.     

Sex and estrous cycle-dependent differences in glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the adult rat hippocampus

Sex differences in the morphology and function of the hippocampus have been reported in several species, but it is unknown whether a sexual dimorphism exists in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in the rat hippocampus. We analyzed GFAP immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of intact adult male rats as well as in females during diestrus and proestrus phases of the estrous cycle. We found that in CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus, GFAP immunoreactivity was higher in proestrus females as compared with males and diestrus females. In CA1, a similar GFAP immunoreactivity was found in males and in diestrus females, but in dentate gyrus, males presented the lowest GFAP content. Interestingly, differences in astrocyte morphology were also found. Rounded cells with numerous and short processes were mainly observed in the hippocampus during proestrus whereas cells with stellate shape with few and long processes were present in the hippocampus of males and diestrus females. The marked sex and estrous cycle-dependent differences in GFAP immunoreactivity density and in astrocyte number and morphology found in the rat hippocampus, suggest the involvement of sex steroid hormones in the sexually dimorphic functions of the hippocampus, and in the change in its activity during the estrous cycle.     

Decrease of trace elements in erythrocytes and plasma after removal of dental amalgam and other metal alloys

The objective of this study was to determine the concentration changes of 13 elements in erythrocytes and plasma after the removal of dental amalgam, and other metal alloys. Blood samples from 250 patients were collected, separated into erythrocytes and plasma, and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The 250 patients were divided into 3 groups (Negative, Zero, and Positive) depending on their estimation of quality of life in an earlier study. Magnesium in plasma, selenium and mercury in plasma, and erythrocytes showed decreased concentrations after amalgam removal in all groups (p<0.05). Titanium in plasma, copper in plasma, and erythrocytes and zinc in plasma exhibited decreased concentrations after amalgam removal in the Negative and Positive groups (p<0.05), Silver in plasma and gold in erythrocytes decreased in the Zero and Positive groups after amalgam removal (p<0.05). Copper in erythrocytes and silver and gold in plasma showed higher concentrations after amalgam removal in the Negative compared to the Positive group (p<0.05), suggesting that patients in the Negative group excrete metals slowly. Moreover, the cobalt levels in plasma were lowest in the Negative group and only this group showed a significant increase in vitamin B₁₂ levels in blood after amalgam removal.     

社鼠组织器官同工酶的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳方法,分析了社鼠的肝、肾、心肌、骨骼肌、肺、脾和脑等多种组织器官的ＬＤＨ、ＡＤＨ、ＥＳＴ、和ＳＯＤ４种同工酶,对各组织器官的酶带数目和分布,以及酶活性进行了比较研究。结果表明,社鼠的ＬＤＨ同工酶、ＡＤＨ同工酶和ＥＳＴ同工酶具有比较明显的组织特异性,而ＳＯＤ同工酶的组织特异性较低。肺和脾除ＥＳＴ同工酶活性较高外,脑除ＬＤＨ同工酶活性较高外,其它３种同工酶的活性均较低;而肝和肾中４种同工酶的活性普遍很高。心肌和骨骼肌因氧张力不同而使ＬＤＨ同工酶酶谱存在明显差异,但其它３种同工酶酶谱却非常相似。同工酶的组织特异性与各组织器官所执行的生理功能是相一致的     

Seasonal hippocampal plasticity in food-storing birds

Both food-storing behaviour and the hippocampus change annually in food-storing birds. Food storing increases substantially in autumn and winter in chickadees and tits, jays and nutcrackers and nuthatches. The total size of the chickadee hippocampus increases in autumn and winter as does the rate of hippocampal neurogenesis. The hippocampus is necessary for accurate cache retrieval in food-storing birds and is much larger in food-storing birds than in non-storing passerines. It therefore seems probable that seasonal change in caching and seasonal change in the hippocampus are causally related. The peak in recruitment of new neurons into the hippocampus occurs before birds have completed food storing and cache retrieval for the year and may therefore be associated with spacing caches, encoding the spatial locations of caches, or creating a neuronal architecture involved in the recollection of cache sites. The factors controlling hippocampal plasticity in food-storing birds are not well understood. Photoperiodic manipulations that produce change in food-storing behaviour have no effect on either hippocampal size or neuronal recruitment. Available evidence suggests that changes in hippocampal size and neurogenesis may be a consequence of the behavioural and cognitive involvement of the hippocampus in storing and retrieving food.     

Stress-induced accumulation and tissue-specific localization of dehydrins in Arabidopsis thaliana

Stress-induced accumulation of five (COR47, LTI29, ERD14, LTI30 and RAB18) and tissue localization of four (LTI29, ERD14, LTI30 and RAB18) dehydrins in Arabidopsis were characterized immunologically with protein-specific antibodies. The five dehydrins exhibited clear differences in their accumulation patterns in response to low temperature, ABA and salinity. ERD14 accumulated in unstressed plants, although the protein level was up-regulated by ABA, salinity and low temperature. LTI29 mainly accumulated in response to low temperature, but was also found in ABA- and salt-treated plants. LTI30 and COR47 accumulated primarily in response to low temperature, whereas RAB18 was only found in ABA-treated plants and was the only dehydrin in this study that accumulated in dry seeds.Immunohistochemical localization of LTI29, ERD14 and RAB18 demonstrated tissue and cell type specificity in unstressed plants. ERD14 was present in the vascular tissue and bordering parenchymal cells, LTI29 and ERD14 accumulated in the root tip, and RAB18 was localized to stomatal guard cells. LTI30 was not detected in unstressed plants. The localization of LTI29, ERD14 and RAB18 in stress-treated plants was not restricted to certain tissues or cell types. Instead these proteins accumulated in most cells, although cells within and surrounding the vascular tissue showed more intense staining. LTI30 accumulated primarily in vascular tissue and anthers of cold-treated plants.This study supports a physiological function for dehydrins in certain plant cells during optimal growth conditions and in most cell types during ABA or cold treatment. The differences in stress specificity and spatial distribution of dehydrins in Arabidopsis suggest a functional specialization for the members of this protein family.