香叶天竺葵的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　香叶天竺葵 (Pelargonium grave olens)。2　材料类别　无菌萌发的种子苗。3　培养条件　种子萌发培养基 :( 1 )MS。分化培养基 :( 2 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 3)MS + 6 BA 0 .5 +NAA 0 .1 ;( 4 )MS + 6 BA 1 .0 ;( 5 )MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +NAA 0 .1。壮苗培养基 :( 6)MS + 6 BA 0 .5 +GA 1 .0。生根培养基 :( 7)1 /2MS +IBA 1 .0 ;( 8) 1 /2MS +IBA 0 .5 +NAA0 .1 ;( 9) 1 /2MS +IBA 0 .2 5。以上除生根培养基外均加入蔗糖 30 g·L- 1 ,生根培养基加蔗糖 1 0 g·L- 1 ,琼脂 6g·L- 1 ,pH 5 …     

过路黄的组织培养与快速繁殖

1　植物名称　过路黄 (Lysimachiachristinae)。2　材料类别　茎段。3　培养条件　芽生长培养基 :( 1 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +IBA 0 .2。增殖培养基 :( 2 )MS+ 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .2 ;( 3)MS + 6 BA 1 .5 +IBA 0 .5 ;( 4 )MS + 6 BA 1 .5 +NAA 0 .5。生根培养基 :( 5 )MS ;( 6)MS +IBA 0 .1。所用培养基均加 0 .8%～ 0 .9%琼脂、3%白砂糖 ,pH 5 .6～5 .8,培养温度为 ( 2 5± 2 )℃ ,相对湿度 65 %～ 75 % ,光照 1 2～ 1 4h·d- 1 ,光照度 1 5 0 0～ 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的获得　选取秦…     

哈密瓜组织培养和离体快繁

1　植物名称　哈密瓜 (Cucumismelovar.sacchar inus)品种金皇后。2　材料类别　子叶。3　培养条件　以MS为基本培养基。 ( 1 )种子发芽培养基 :1 /2MS ;( 2 )愈伤组织诱导培养基 :MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +IBA 0 .1 ;( 3)不定芽诱导培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .0 ;( 4 )不定芽伸长培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +GA30 .5 ;( 5 )生根培养基 :1 /2MS +IBA 2 .0。以上培养基均附加 0 .8%琼脂、3%蔗糖 ,pH 5 .8。培养温度( 2 6± 1 )℃ ,光照 1 6h·d- 1 ,光照度 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的获得　金皇后种子去皮…     

紫背天葵的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　紫背天葵 (Gynurabicolor)。2　材料类别　具芽点的茎段。3　培养条件　基本培养基为MS。芽诱导培养基 :( 1 )MS + 6 BA 1 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +NAA0 .1 ;( 2 )MS + 6 BA 2 +NAA 0 .1 +KT 1 ;( 3)MS+ 6 BA 1 .5 +NAA 0 .1 +GA 1。增殖培养基 :( 4 )MS + 6 BA 3+NAA 0 .1 +GA 1。生根培养基 :( 5 )1 /2MS +IBA 0 .5 ;( 6) 1 /2MS +NAA 0 .5 ;( 7)1 /2MS +IBA 0 .5 +NAA 0 .1。上述培养基均含蔗糖 30 g·L- 1 、0 .75 %琼脂 ,pH 5 .8。培养温度为2 3～2 7℃ ,光照度 1 2 0 0～ 1 40 0lx ,光照 1 4h…     

香蕉草的固体培养和液体培养

1　植物名称　香蕉草 (Nymphoidesaquatica)。2　材料类别　嫩叶片 ( youngleaves)。3　培养条件　丛生芽诱导和增殖固体培养基 :( 1 )MS+ 6 BA 2 .0mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +NAA 0 .2 ;( 2 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5～ 3.0 +NAA 0 .2 ;( 3)MS + 6 BA0 .5～ 3.0 +IAA 0 .3;( 4 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5～ 3.0 +IBA 0 .3。丛生芽诱导和增殖液体培养基 :( 5 ) 1 /2MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +IAA 0 .3。生根培养基 :( 6)MS +IBA 0 .3+NAA 0 .2。以上培养基均附加 2 %白糖(sugar) ,0 .75 %的琼脂 (agar,液体培养基除外 ) ,pH5 .8,培养温度为 ( 2 5± 2 )…     

三角叶滨藜的组织培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　三角叶滨藜 (Atriplextriangu laris)。2　材料类别　无菌苗的子叶。3　培养条件　培养基 :( 1 )MS + 6 BA 1mg·L- 1(单位下同 ) + 2 ,4 D 1 ;( 2 )MS + 6 BA 1 +NAA 1 ;( 3)MS + 6 BA 1 +IBA 1 ;( 4 )MS + 6 BA 1 +IAA1 ;( 5 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5 +IAA 0 .1 +GA 0 .2 ;( 6)MS + 6 BA 0 .5 +IAA 0 .4+GA 2 ;( 7)MS + 6 BA1 +IAA 0 .2 +GA 2 ;( 8)MS + 6 BA 1 +IAA 0 .4+GA 2 ;( 9) 1 /2MS +IAA 2 ;( 1 0 ) 1 /2MS。上述培养基 ( 1 )～ ( 4 )加CH(水解酪蛋白 ) 2 0 0、45 g·L- 1 蔗糖 ,( 5 )～ ( 8…     

土人参茎尖培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　土人参 (Talinumpaniculatum)。2　材料类别　实生苗之茎尖 ,种子取自本校花圃。3　培养条件　种子萌发培养基 :( 1 ) 1 /2MS +0 .7%琼脂 + 2 %蔗糖。丛生芽诱导培养基 :( 2 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 3)MS +NAA0 .5 + 6 BA 2 .0 ;( 4 )MS +NAA 0 .5 +KT 2 .0 ;( 5 )MS+NAA 0 .5 + 6 BA 3.0。丛生芽增殖培养基 :( 6)MS + 6 BA 2 .0 ;( 7)MS +NAA 0 .0 5 + 6 BA 3.0。生根培养基 :( 8) 1 /2MS +NAA 2 .0。上述 ( 2 )～ ( 8)培养基均附加 30 g·L- 1 蔗糖、7g·L- 1 琼脂 ,pH 5 .8。培养室温…     

仁用杏的组织培养与快速繁殖

1　植物名称　杏 (Prunusarmeniaca)品种仁用杏“龙王帽”。2　材料类别　休眠芽 (dormantbud)。3　培养条件　芽启动分化培养基 (buddifferentia tonmedium) :( 1 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 2 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5 +IBA 0 .1 ;( 3)WPM +6 BA 0 .5 ;( 4 )WPM + 6 BA 0 .5 +IBA 0 .1。增殖培养基 (budmultiplicationmedium) :( 5 )WPM + 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .5 ;( 6)WPM + 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .5+GA33 ;( 7)MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .2 ;( 8)NN69+ 6 BA 0 .5 +IBA 0 .1 ;( 9)NN69+ 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .2。生根…     

海州蒿组织培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　海州蒿 (Artemisiafauriei)。2　材料类别　茎尖。3　培养条件　愈伤组织诱导培养基 :(1)MS +6 BA1mg·L- 1(单位下同 ) +NAA 1;(2 )MS +6 BA 1+NAA 0 .5 ;(3)MS +6 BA 2 +NAA 0 .5。芽分化培养基 :(4 )MS +6 BA 1;(5 )MS +6 BA 2 ;(6 )MS +6 BA 5 +NAA 0 .1;(7)MS +6 BA 2 +NAA 0 .0 1。生根培养基 :(8) 1/2MS ;(9) 1/2MS +NAA 0 .1;(10 )MS。以上培养基中的蔗糖含量除生根培养基 (8)～(10 )为 2 0 g·L- 1外 ,其余均为 30 g·L- 1。pH 5 .8～6 .0。培养温度 (2 5± 1)℃ ,光照时间 14h·d- 1,…     

红蛋的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　红蛋 (Echinodorusosiris)。2　材料类别　茎尖 (budofthestem)。3　培养条件　 ( 1 )诱导芽培养基 :1 / 3MS + 6 BA1 .0mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +IBA 0 .1 + 3%蔗糖(sugar) ;( 2 )增殖培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA0 .0 5 + 3%蔗糖 ;( 3)生根培养基 :1 / 2MS + 6 BA0 .0 5 +IBA 0 .7+ 2 .5 %蔗糖。上述培养基加入 5 .0 g·L- 1 倍力凝 (一种微生物多糖固化剂 ,河北科技大学生产 ) ,pH 5 .8。培养温度为 2 0～ 2 8℃ ,光照度为 1 5 0 0～ 2 0 0 0lx ,光照时间 1 0h·d- 1 。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的处理　在超…     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism