Tabanidae (Diptera) of State of Maranhão, Brazil II. Description of Esenbeckia (Esenbeckia) rafaeli, sp. nov

Esenbeckia (Esenbeckia) rafaeli, sp.nov. is described and figured from nine specimens collected in Carolina, state of Maranh?o, Brazil. The new species is compared with the species Esenbeckia (Esenbeckia) laticlava Wilkerson & Fairchild, 1983; Esenbeckia (Esenbeckia) bitriangulata Lutz & Castro, 1935 e Esenbeckia (Esenbeckia) enderleini Kr?ber, 1931.     

Three new species of Galipea (Rutaceae, Galipeinae) from Brazil

Three new species of Galipea (Rutaceae, Galipeinae) are described and illustrated. Galipea carinata Pirani sp. nov. is known from the pluvial tropical forest in southern Espírito Santo State, eastern Brazil, and its main diagnostic features are the urceolate and conspicuously keeled calyx, the relatively short (14–16 mm) corolla tube, the long pedunculate, divaricate and loosely branched inflorescence, with few flowers crowded on tip of side branchlets, and the chartaceous leaflets, with lateral veins very prominent on both sides of the blade. Galipea revoluta Pirani sp. nov. is probably endemic to the coastal hygrophyllous Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, eastern Brazil, and is very distinct by its mostly unifoliolate leaves, with a leathery, shiny lamina that is thickened and usually revolute at margin, by its calyx with large glands only at the base, and median nerve on each sepal. Galipea congestiflora Pirani sp. nov. is from forests on terra firme (non-inundated vegetation) of eastern Amazonia, most of them from the State of Pará, some others from eastern Maranhão and north of Tocantins. It is characterized mainly by 3-foliolate, chartaceous and dull leaves; a dense, corymbiform thyrsoid (partial inflorescences very short, crowded on top of the peduncle), which is smaller than the leaves; relatively large capsules (the largest in the genus) with an acute rim at the tip of each valve, and by the marmorate surface of the seeds. A brief discussion on the relationships of the new taxa to other species of Galipea is provided.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 144, 365–373.     

Cordiera longicaudata sp. nov. and Duroia valesca sp. nov. of the Alibertia group (Gardenieae–Rubiaceae)

Two neotropical species of the Alibertia group (Gardenieae–Rubiaceae) are described and illustrated. Cordiera longicaudata C. Persson & Delprete sp. nov. occurs in Panama and northwestern Ecuador (Awá Reserve) and is characterized by its long drip tips and glabrous to minutely puberulent corollas. Duroia valesca C. Persson & Delprete sp. nov. is from the Atlantic forest of Brazil (states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and is distinguished by its heteromorphic calyx lobes that are large, 13–15×7–8 mm, elliptic and contorted in female flowers, whereas the calyx lobes of the male flowers are 3–5×1–2 mm and narrowly triangular.     

Disporum sinovietnamicum sp. nov. (Colchicaceae) from southwestern Guangxi,China

Disporum sinovietnamicum R. C. Hu & Y. Feng Huang sp. nov. is described and from southwestern Guangxi, China. It is morphologically closest to D. jinfoshanense X. Z. Li, D. M. Zhang & D. Y. Hong, but differs by having stems that are 35–90 cm tall, narrowly lanceolate and thinly leathery leaves, and ovate and glabrous tepals.     

Primulina petrocosmeoides sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guangxi,China

Primulina petrocosmeoides Bo Pan & Fang Wen sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to P. weii Mich. Möller & A. Weber, but differs from it in leaf blade ovate to elliptical, 1.0 × 0.8 to 2.5 × 2.0 cm, leaf base broadly cuneate, cymes 5–16, 2–6‐flowered, bracts narrowly lanceolate, calyx lobes lanceolate, 4.0–6.5 mm long, corolla bluish purple, 1.2–1.5 cm long, pubescent outside but glabrous inside, filaments purple, pubescent, staminodes 3, stigma trapezoid with its apex lobed to the middle and with dense short papillae.     

Two new species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) from South Korea and Russian Far East

Two species of the genus Probles Förster, P. interruptor sp . nov . and P. segaza sp . nov ., from South Korea and Russian Far East, are described. Probles interruptor differs from its congeners by occipital carina mediodorsally narrowly interrupted and polished occipital surface extending partly on the vertex. Probles segaza differs from other species of Euporizon by its robust ovipositor with a deep and narrow dorsal subapical notch.     

Macrolepiota subcitrophylla sp. nov., a new species with yellowish lamellae from southwest China

Macrolepiota subcitrophylla sp. nov. is described from Yunnan and Hunan Provinces, China. Morphologically, it is characterized by its yellowish lamellae, relatively small, ovoid to subamygdaliform-ellipsoid, dextrinoid basidiospores with distinct germ pore, narrowly clavate, clavate to subfusiform cheilocystidia, and a pileus covering composed of a trichoderm of subcylindrical hyphae. Sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region show that M. subcitrophylla is distinct from all other Macrolepiota species tested, suggesting it is a taxon close to M. clelandii, a species originally described from Australia.     

马鞍菌属新种和新记录(一)

有关马鞍菌属 Helvella 的历史,属种概念以及中国已知种的检索表已作过报道(刘波等,1985)。本文描述了近年来采到的两个新种:粘马鞍菌 Helvella glutinosa sp.nov.和伞形马鞍菌 H.galeriformis sp.nov.;四个新记录:白柄马鞍菌 H.albellu Quél.,小马鞍菌H.helvellula(Dur.et Mont.)Dissing,乳白马鞍菌 H.lactea Boud.和脉马鞍菌 H.phlebo-phora Pat.et Doass.。此外,斑点马鞍菌 H.maculata Weber 虽已作过报道和描述(李静丽等,1986),然而由于它是一个非常具特征性的种,而且有一限制的地理分布,因此本文也对它进行了更充分的描述和讨论。     

Two new Daedalea species (Polyporales,Basidiomycota) from South China

Two new Daedalea species were described from South China based on morphological and molecular evidences. Daedalea circularis sp. nov. was discovered from Guangdong and Yunnan provinces, it is characterized by its bluish gray to peach, glabrous, concentrically sulcate and zonate pileal surface with irregular, white to cream outgrowth and fuscous to black patches spreading from the base, round hymenophore, colorless, thin-walled cystidioles present in the hymenium which sometimes with branched apiculus and occasionally collapsed and septate. Daedalea radiata sp. nov. was discovered from Yunnan Province, it is easily recognizable by its effused-reflexed, grayish-brown to fuscous, hispid pileal surface with angular to daedaleoid pores, tissue darkening and skeletal hyphae slightly swollen in KOH, and a typical catahymenium formed by apices of skeletal hyphae in the hymenium.     

Notes on new Agaricales of Japan 3

Three new species of Agaricales are described and illustrated from eastern Honshu, Japan:Agrocybe pseudoerebia sp. nov. (sectionVelatae of subgenusAporus), forming fugaceous veil remnants around the pileal margin and relatively shorter basidiospores (less than 10 μm long) without a germ pore, was found on the ground in a broad-leaved forest;Lactarius glutininitens sp. nov. (sectionTriviales of subgenusRussularia), forming a pale grayish, strongly glutinous pileus and watery, latex without discoloration, was found on the ground in a lowland forest dominated byQuercus myrsinaefolia andQuercus serrata; Tricholoma foliicola sp. nov. (close to sectionAlbobrunnea), forming a reddish brown, hygrophanous, dry, glabrous pileus, almost adnate, densely crowded lamellae, small, ellipsoid basidiospores, and clampless hyphae, was found on leaf litter of a broad-leaved forest.     

Impatiens rugosipetala sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh,northeast India

Impatiens rugosipetala sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. The species is characterised by brick‐red flowers, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate coriaceous leaves, lower sepal mouth with a thick awn or beak, hooked spur and rugose petals.     

Saussurea haizishanensis sp. nov. (Compositae,Cardueae) from Sichuan,China

Saussurea haizishanensis B. Q. Xiu, G. Hao & N. H. Xia sp. nov., a new species from Sichuan, China, belonging to Saussurea subg. Eriocoryne (DC.) Hook. f. sect. Cincta Lipsch., is described and illustrated. It is similar to S. delavayi, but differs in its narrowly elliptic, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate leaves, outer phyllaries that are broadly triangular with irregularly dentate margin, and densely yellowish stipitate glandular stem, leaf blades, and adaxial phyllaries. It is also similar to S. schlagintweitii, but differs in possessing numerous capitula and having adaxially glabrous petiole bases. Color plates, line drawings, a distribution map of S. haizishanensis, photographs of phyllaries and leaf blades, and SEM microphotographs of the adaxial surface of style arms, the leaf blades, the abaxial surface of phyllaries of S. haizishanensis and S. delavayi are provided.     

Systematics of the bryozoan genus Macropora (Cheilostomata)

Macropora is a distinctive genus of anascan cheilostomes. All species have large zooids with an extensive cryptocystal frontal shield perforated by numerous pores through which parietal muscle strands pass. Also characteristic of Macropora are the calcified opercula closing the d -shaped orifice, avicularia resembling autozooids but having slightly enlarged, typically crenulated opercula/mandibles, and large ovicells that are often costate. This mostly Australasian genus has a documented fossil record stretching back to the Eocene. Here we revise the generic diagnosis of Macropora and describe eight new species from New Zealand (three Recent: M. nodulosa sp. nov. , M. filifera sp. nov. and M. carlosi sp. nov. ; five fossil: M. septispinosa sp. nov. , M. similis sp. nov. , M. pittensis sp. nov. , M. leeae sp. nov. and M. bullata sp. nov. ) and one new species from Japan ( M. mawatariorum sp. nov. ), the only species known with certainty to occur in the northern hemisphere. New observations are given for some previously described species, several of which are illustrated using SEM for the first time. The northern hemisphere Upper Cretaceous species Monoporella exsculpta (Marsson), showing features allowing it to be placed tentatively in the stem-group of Macropora , is redescribed. Attempts to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of species within Macropora were hampered by the relatively few morphological characters compared with the number of species, and it proved impossible to obtain a phylogeny robust to slight changes in taxon and/or character inclusion. The favoured cladogram has poor bootstrap and Bremer support, and its stratigraphical and biogeographical congruences are low.  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 153 , 115–146.     

A Rich and Highly Endemic Decapod Crustacean Fauna from the Middle Jurassic of North-east France

Decapod crustaceans are relatively widespread in Jurassic deposits of Europe and a small number have been collected from the north-east of France. A new fossil of a macrurous decapod assigned to Eryma burgundiaca sp. nov., an erymid lobster, is described from this area and comparisons are made with closely allied species from Europe. Probable pagurid anomurous decapods are represented by Orhomalus magnificus sp. nov., Palaeopagurus acutus sp. nov. and Palaeopagurus neraudeaui sp. nov. No brachyurous decapods are presently known from the fauna. Based on the associated ammonites, the material is considered to be Callovian in age.     

湖北玉兰属两新种

描述了木兰科玉兰属两新种,湖北玉兰(Yulania verrucata D.L.Fu,T.B.Zhao et S.S.Chen,sp.nov.)和楔叶玉兰(Y.cuneatofolia T.B.Chao,Z.X.Chen et D.L.Fu,sp.nov.)。湖北玉兰的独特特征是:枝、叶背面、叶柄、托叶、花梗和果梗均无毛;幼枝皮孔疣状突起,棕色,狭长椭圆体形。楔叶玉兰的独特特征是:叶楔形;花被片皱曲。     

Species of Oswaldella Stechow, 1919 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from recent antarctic expeditions with R. V. 'Polarstern', with the description of eight new species

Twelve species of the genus Oswaldella Stechow have been studied, eight of which are new to science [Oswaldella delicata sp. nov., O. encarnae sp. nov., O. garciacarrascosai sp. nov., O. gracilis sp. nov., O. grandis sp. nov., O. incognita sp. nov., O. obscura sp. nov. and O. rigida sp. nov.], originating from the Weddell Sea and collected by several antarctic expeditions with R.V. Polarstem. Each is described and figured, its systematic position is considered and current data concerning its autecology and geographical distribution are given. Finally, a comparative table is presented including the principal features of all known species of the genus.     

Crepidolithus cantabriensis nov. sp., a new calcareous nannofossil (Prymnesiophyceae) from the Lower Jurassic of northern Spain

A new calcareous nannofossil, Crepidolithus cantabriensis nov. sp., is described from the Lower Jurassic marls and marly limestones of the Cantabrian Range (Northern Spain). The new species is characterized by medium-sized, normal to narrowly elliptical coccoliths with open central-areas. In the light microscope, under crossed nicols and in distal view, it displays a characteristic bicyclic extinction pattern. Its inner rim edge shows maximum birefringence colours, which vary from white to yellow, whereas the faintly outer rim margin exhibits low birefringence, tending to grey, and they are separated by a dark and sigmoidal isogyre. C. cantabriensis nov. sp. seems closely related to Crepidolithus crassus on the basis of shared morphological characters. Both of them have a distal shield composed of around thirty sub-vertical, dextrally imbricating laths. The central-area width of C. cantabriensis nov. sp. is approximately half of the coccolith width, whilst it is reduced to one or two tiny lenticular slits in C. crassus. Nevertheless, the phyletic relationships between C. cantabriensis nov. sp. and Crepidolithus cavus are not clear, since they show different rim structures, and C. cavus has a delicate bar aligned along the minor axis of its central area. The first specimens of C. cantabriensis nov. sp. have been recognized within the Raricostatum AZ in the Tudanca section. This species seems to be more abundant in the Reinosa area, which occupied a more distal position with respect to the Iberian Massif during the studied time interval. It is hypothesized here that C. cantabriensis nov. sp. could have inhabited the lower-photic zone.     

Ctenodactylids from the Lower and Middle Miocene of Saudi Arabia

The ctenodactylids from the Lower and Middle Miocene of Saudi Arabia are represented by two species: Sayimys intermedius (Sen and Thomas, 1979) and Sayimys assarrarensis sp. nov. This new taxon differs from the other species of Sayimys by its larger size together with an association of characters such as the presence of a metalophulid II in d4 and the strength of the anteroloph and posteroloph in P4. A cladistic analysis involving Prosayimys flynni , Sayimys obliquidens , S. assarrarensis sp. nov., S. intermedius, S. sivalensis, S. baskini , and Metasayimys curvidens is provided. Sayimys assarrarensis sp. nov. nests between Sayimys obliquidens and Metasayimys curvidens as a relatively primitive taxon.     

滇东北早寒武世梅树村阶单板类及其新属种研究

本文描述了云南东部早寒武世早期梅树村阶软体动物单板类化石,计有５新属７新种和１个未定种,它们是Ｓｔｒｉａｔｏｃｏｎｕｓ ｙｕｌｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｓｔｒｉａｔｏｃｏｎｕｓ ｓｐ．,Ａｅｇｉｔｅｌｌｕｓ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｔｒｉｃｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｔｕｂａｔｏｃｏｎｕｓ ｙｕｌｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｐａｐｉｌｌｏｃｏｎｕｓ ｅｘｐｌａｎａｔ