首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Prolactin (PRL) was purified from freshly frozen pituitary glands of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) by a combination of existing procedures of Ellis and Jiang and Wilhelmi involving serial extraction of different pituitary proteins. The partially purified preparation was further fractionated on DEAF-Sephadex followed by Sephadex G-100 chromatography. This was finally purified on HPLC. This preparation was found to be homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and HPLC and had a single N-terminus amino acid (Threonine). The molecular size was estimated to be 24K ± 0.5 by SDS-PAGE and 25K by GPC-HPLC. The buffalo PRL gave a dose dependent inhibition curve in a rat liver based radio receptor assay with a potency of 30–35 L U./mg and also in a partial homologous RIA using 125I-buffalo PRL and rabbit anti-oPRL serum giving a potency of 30I.U./mg. Metabolic labelling studies using 35SO4 2– with buffalo pituitary minces showed the incorporation of radioactive sulfate into immunoprecipitable PRL-like material. Physico-chemical characterization of the site of the linkage between sulfate and PRL revealed the presence of Tyr-O-SO4 in bu-PRL. A high affinity monoclonal antibody (MAB) with Ka of 1010 L/M, belonging to IgG1 isotype, and capable of cross reacting with ovine and bovine PRL was generated. This MAB was conformation specific as reduced and carboxymethylated PRL did not react with it. A homologous RIA system using this MAB has been standardised.  相似文献   

2.
Peripheral testosterone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay of 65 serum samples taken at various intervals from 11 buffaloes in advanced pregnancy. Average testosterone levels measured at day 210 of gestation (248 ± 39 pg/ml) remained similar up to the last week of gestation. No difference in testosterone levels was recorded between buffaloes carrying male and female fetuses. Pregnant buffaloes had significantly higher testosterone levels than non-pregnant buffaloes.  相似文献   

3.
Parturition was induced in ten buffaloes by combining treatments of dexamethasone and vetoestrol, so that they calved about one month before the expected term. Either dexamethasone alone (Group B) or dexamethasone and vetoestrol (Group C) was used. Another five animals served as controls (Group A). Calving was induced in four animals in group B and three animals in group C after two injections of the compounds four days apart. The average time from first injection to calving for these animals was 117.22 hr and 117.66 hr for groups B and C respectively. Induced calves weighed less at birth (P < 0.05) averaging 24.4 and 26.2 kg for groups B and C respectively, than controls (Group A; 30.20 kg). The body weight gain/week among calves was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The service period, number of services/conception and the milk yield of the buffaloes induced to calve was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from their previous records.  相似文献   

4.
Circulating FSH levels of 13 Murrah buffaloes were investigated by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay using a homologous bovine system. The mean (+/- s.e.m.) peak FSH level on the day of estrus was if57.94 +/- 12.84 ng/ml of blood serum during hotter months (June-August) and 65.23+/-10.54 ng/ml during cooler months (October-December). These were much higher than the FSH concentrations recorded during the rest of the cycle post-mating. There were sizable fluctuations in FSH levels on different days of the estrous cycle within animals. However, the mean values did not exhibit much variation. The occurrence of the FSH peak and the LH peak coincided during the cycle.  相似文献   

5.
6.
A purified preparation of growth hormone from pituitaries of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) has been extensively characterized with regard to physico-chemical properties. The molecular size of buffalo GH (buGH) by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ES-MS) was found to be 21394.00+/-8.44Da and its stokes radius was determined as 2.3 nm. Size heterogeneity in buffalo GH was checked both by electrophoresis and molecular sieve chromatography using 125I-labelled buffalo GH. Similar size heterogeneity was found in standard preparations of ovine and bovine growth hormones. Isoelectric focussing and chromatofocussing indicated charge heterogeneity in buffalo GH preparation. Major charge isoforms having pI of 7.2, 7.7 and minor forms in the pI range of 5.7 to 7.0 were found. Lectin chromatography on Concanavalin A matrix showed that less than 1% of buffalo GH was glycosylated. Heterogeneity in NH2-terminal sequence was also observed, with alanine, phenylalanine and methionine as the NH2-terminal residues as checked by dansyl and DABITC methods. Estimation of tryptophan residue indicated that a single tryptophan residue was present. Ellman's method showed presence of two disulfide bridges per mole of buffalo GH. Intrinsic fluorescence spectrum of buffalo GH exhibited lambda emission maximum at 337 nm. UV-CD spectrum showed that almost 48% of the secondary structure of buGH was constituted by alpha-helicity. The T(M) of buGH as determined by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies was found to be 63 degrees C.  相似文献   

7.
A total of 24 uterine biopsies were successfully obtained from 40 repeat-breeding buffaloes. The endometrium of 15 buffaloes showed marked neutrophilic infiltration in the epithelium, stroma and uterine glands. In some cases, lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration, cystic dilatation of the glands and periglandular fibrosis indicated chronicity of the endometritis. Most of the animals (85.0%) had uterine cultures positive for Streptococci, Staphylococci, Gram positive variable cocci, Gram negative bacilli, Anthracoids, and Gram positive bacilli with a predominance of Corynebacteria. With the treatment based on in vitro drug sensitivity tests, 57.1% repeat-breeding buffaloes conceived.  相似文献   

8.
Batra SK  Pandey RS 《Theriogenology》1983,19(2):193-200
The changes in luteinizing hormone concentration were measured by heterologous double-antibody radioimmunoassay in blood plasma of 28 Murrah buffaloes. The LH concentration fluctuated between 0.22 to 0.78 ng/ml during first 21 days post-partum. The level increased significantly (P < 0.001) at estrus. The basal LH concentration of second and third week post-partum was inversely related to the first post-partum ovulation interval.  相似文献   

9.
The aim of the current study was to establish ultrasonic biometric threshold of different fetal parts in buffaloes and to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of ultrasonic fetal sex determination. Serial ultrasonographic examinations were carried out on twelve pregnant buffalo-cows, during which fetal parts were measured, and fetal sex and presentation were determined. The obtained results revealed that embryo and amniotic vesicle (AV) were detected by the forth and fifth week of pregnancy, respectively. Organization was observed by the seventh week, while ossification was indicated between the eighth and 10th week. High correlations were found between different studied parameters and gestational age, where the highest correlation was found with the crown-rump length (CRL) and amniotic vesicle diameter (AVD) at the early-gestation; the biparietal diameter (BPD) at the mid-gestation; and the eyeball diameter (EBD) at the mid- and late-gestation. The results also revealed that the best window for fetal sexing was found between the 10th and 18th week of gestations, with an overall accuracy of 97.1%. The final polarity with all fetuses in anterior presentation was adopted by the 30th week. In conclusion, the overall data indicated the feasibility and value of ultrasonographic fetometry in buffaloes for evaluation of fetal development, estimation of gestational age and determination of fetal sex.  相似文献   

10.
Nanda AS  Sharma RD 《Theriogenology》1986,26(3):383-389
Serum samples from 32 buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion at approximately the completion of the gestation period were analyzed for progesterone concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Fifteen buffaloes had progesterone concentrations of more than 1.0 ng/ml (1.65 +/- 0.13 ng/ml; 1.1 to 2.8 ng/ml), while the serum progesterone concentrations of the remaining 17 buffaloes were below 1.0 ng/ml (599 +/- 59 pg/ml; 200 to 900 pg/ml). The occurrence of uterine torsion was associated with labour and/or abdominal pain around the expected time of parturition at the completion of the gestation period. High progesterone concentrations at labour in cases of torsion in almost half of the buffaloes may suggest that there were instances of premature labour resulting from an impaired hormonal milieu. Disturbances in the onset of labour owing to hormonal imbalance as evidenced by high progesterone levels may also contribute to the causation of uterine torsion. Cases of uterine torsion having low progesterone values are also discussed in this study.  相似文献   

11.
Sperm morphometry, in combination with other objective traits, can be useful for developing a fertility index. The objective of the present study was to measure various biometric end points of frozen-thawed sperm from eight breeds of Indian buffaloes (Murrah, Surti, Tarai, Mehsana, Jaffrabadi, Bhadawari, Pandharpuri and Nili-Ravi). The sperm head of Pandharpuri buffaloes had the greatest length (10.21 microm), width (6.05 microm), area (52.31 microm(2)) and perimeter (31.86 microm). The ratio of sperm width to length was also greatest (0.61) in Pandharpuri as well as in two other breeds, viz. Nili-Ravi and Jaffrabadi. Murrah had the smallest sperm head width (4.75 microm), area (41.65 microm(2)) and perimeter (29.17 microm), but its sperm tail was longest (57.02 microm), along with that of Jaffrabadi buffaloes (56.96 microm). Based on mean values of sperm tail length, mid piece length and its width the eight buffalo breeds were categorized into three, four and five groups, respectively. Multivariate analysis and clustering put six breeds (Surti, Tarai, Mehsana, Jaffrabadi, Bhadawari and Nili-Ravi) in one cluster, whereas Murrah and Pandharpuri appeared as separate entities.  相似文献   

12.
This review deals with the behaviour of river buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), in confinement and in extensive conditions, also focusing on the effects of different housing and rearing conditions on their welfare. The behavioural repertoire expressed by buffaloes in extensive and intensive conditions is similar to those displayed by other domestic ruminants. However, through natural selection, buffaloes have also acquired several morphological, physiological and behavioural (i.e. wallowing) adaptations to hot climatic conditions. Buffaloes kept in intensive conditions and having no access to pasture and water for wallowing extend their periods of idling and are less often involved in investigative activities. Confinement is also associated with a reduction of space; however, no specific studies have been carried out to determine the specific requirements of this species. Space restriction can adversely affect various aspects of buffalo welfare, such as health (increased levels of lesions and injuries), social behaviour (increased number of agonistic interactions) and heat dissipation. The buffaloes, originating from tropical areas, are well adapted to large variations in food availability and quality, and to dietetic unbalances. As to human animal relationship, it has been observed that the incidence of stepping and kicking behaviour of buffaloes in the milking parlour is positively correlated with the frequency of oxytocin injections, whereas the frequency of positive stockperson interactions with the animals such as talking quietly, petting and gentle touching are negatively correlated with the number of kicks during milking. Data from farms where both dairy cattle and buffaloes are present show that avoidance distance measured in the pen is lower in buffaloes than in cattle. This may be attributed to the fact that buffaloes are generally recognised to be curious animals. Finally, the effects of different farming practices on animal-related indicators are described. However, these measures should be integrated into a monitoring protocol, such as the Welfare Quality® scheme, to reliably assess buffalo welfare in the current intensive farming conditions.  相似文献   

13.
The aim of this study was the investigation of hormonal and ovarian follicular dynamics in prepuberal buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) bred in Italy. Eleven 5-9-month old buffalo calves ranging in weight from 122 to 270kg, maintained under controlled nutritional and environmental conditions, underwent 50 days of ultrasonographic ovarian follicular monitoring in the months of October-December. Blood sampling for E(2) and FSH determination and ultrasonographic monitoring using a 7.5MHz linear probe and an ALOKA SSD-500 monitor were performed daily. No differences in any of the parameters under study were highlighted when calves were divided into two weight categories (<200 and >200kg) and thus data were pooled. In this study, values are reported as mean+/-S.D. A range of two-six regular follicular waves was reported among calves with an average of 4+/-1.1. Overall interval (days) between wave emergence was 9.9+/-2.8 and largest diameters (mm) of dominant and first subordinate follicles were 8.4+/-1.2 and 4.8+/-0.6, respectively (P<0.05). With the exception of one calf, some minor follicular waves (short waves or SWs; 1.6+/-1), lasting <10 days (6.1+/-1.2) were reported. They were monitored contemporaneously on the ovary contralateral (n=7) or ipsilateral (n=3) to the main follicular wave. Growth rate (mm per day) of dominant follicles (DF) was significantly faster than for corresponding subordinate follicles (SF) and follicles of SWs (1.08+/-0.2 versus 0.79+/-0.1 and 0.83+/-0.1, respectively, P<0.05). The static phase (days) lasted longer in DF compared to SF and SW (5.4+/-1.8 versus 2.4+/-1.2 and 2.6+/-1, respectively, P<0.05). The regressing phase (mm per day) was similar among DF, SF and SW (0.86+/-0.2, 0.94+/-0.2 and 0.84+/-0.1, respectively, P=0.09). Episodic spikes of E(2) and FSH were reported, corresponding to wave development throughout the course of investigation. In conclusion, the majority of buffalo calves displayed a typical pattern of regular follicular development in conjunction with a dynamic trend of ovarian and hypophyseal hormones. Some minor follicle turnover was reported with parallel main follicular waves.  相似文献   

14.
Twelve Murrah male buffaloes of 3.5 years age, weighing 370.3 ± 8.41 kg were assigned to three diets in different physical forms with similar ingredient composition comprising of wheat straw, sugarcane molasses, crushed maize, deoiled peanut meal, mineral mixture, sea salt along with vitablend @ 690, 100, 100, 100, 6,4 and 0.2 g kg−1, respectively in a randomized block design. The animals on Diet 1 received wheat straw impregnated with molasses and concentrate mixture separately, while those on Diet 2 were fed the total feed as a complete mix. Diet 3 was offered after moulding complete mix into a compressed complete feed block (CCFB), prepared with the help of indigenously designed and fabricated feed block machine operable on compression technology. A metabolism trial of seven days duration was conducted after 60 days feeding trial in order to assess nutrient utilization and retention as well as plane of nutrition.The physical form of the diet had no significant influence on nutrient utilization as well as on the digestibility of various nutrients. But feeding of CCFB resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) higher intake of DM and digestible DM and in turn in the intake of all other nutrients as compared to the feeding of diets in other two ways. Though, daily nitrogen retention was not affected, the feeding of CCFB diet resulted in higher (P < 0.05) retention of calcium and phosphorus. Thus, CCFB would be a balanced wholesome diet for ruminants. Because of a decrease in the bulk density, the handling, storage and transportation becomes easy and economical. Further, they can be a part of famine feed banks for drought prone regions of developing countries as evolved technology is easy to adapt.  相似文献   

15.
Aims:  To study the diversity of rumen methanogens in Murrah buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) from North India by using 16S rRNA gene libraries obtained from the pooled rumen content from four animals and using suitable software analysis.
Methods and Results:  Genomic DNA was isolated and PCR was set up by using specific primers. Amplified product was cloned into a suitable vector and the positive clones were selected on the basis of blue–white screening and sequenced. The resulting nucleotide sequences were arranged in the phylogenetic tree. A total of 108 clones were examined, revealing 17 different 16S rRNA gene sequences or phylotypes. Of the 17 phylotypes, 15 (102 of 108 clones) belonged to the genus Methanomicrobium , indicating that the genus Methanomicrobium is the most dominant component of methanogen populations in Murrah buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) from North India. The largest group of clones (102 clones) was more than 98% similar to Methanomicrobium mobile . BLAST analysis of the rumen contents from individual animals also revealed 17 different phylotypes with a range of 3–10 phylotypes per animal.
Conclusion:  Methanomicrobium phylotype is the most dominant phylotype of methanogens present in Murrah buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ).
Significance and Impact of the Study:  Effective strategies can be made to inhibit the growth of Methanomicrobium phylotype to reduce the methane emission from rumen contents and thus help in preventing global warming.  相似文献   

16.
Luteolysis of corpus luteum, due to un-inhibited PGF(2α) secretion, has been reported to be a cause of early embryonic mortality in dairy animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of fish meal (FM) supplementation on the uterine secretion of PGF(2α) and hence establish its supplementation as an antiluteolytic strategy in dairy buffaloes. Five cycling Murrah buffaloes were supplemented with 250g FM daily for 55 days in addition to their routine feed and seven buffaloes were kept as non-supplemented control. After 30 days of FM supplementation, the oestrus was synchronized in all the buffaloes using Ovsynch protocol. On day 15 of synchronized cycle, animals were challenged with oxytocin (OT; 100IU) intravenously and blood samples were collected at 15min interval, 1h before to 4h after OT challenge. The PGF(2α) response was measured as the venous concentration of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF(2α) (PGFM). The mean hourly concentration of PGFM in FM supplemented buffaloes was lower than in the control buffaloes at all the occasions. During peak response (1h post-OT challenge), PGFM concentration was significantly lower (P<0.05) in FM supplemented buffaloes than in the control (197.4±41.7pg/ml versus 326.3±33.5pg/ml, respectively). Also the percent rise in PGFM after OT-challenge in FM supplemented buffaloes was less than the control (11.73% versus 22.47%). The dietary supplementation did not affect the size of corpus luteum (CL) and plasma progesterone concentration. Plasma glucose and total protein concentrations remained within the normal physiological limits during FM supplementation. The present study indicated that supplementing FM decreased the concentrations of PGF(2α) without alterations in the size of CL and plasma progesterone concentrations in dairy buffaloes.  相似文献   

17.
Ali A  Fahmy S 《Theriogenology》2007,68(1):23-28
The objective was to evaluate ovarian dynamics and progesterone concentrations in cyclic (CYC, n=10) and non-cyclic (NCY, n=8) buffalo-cows during Ovsynch program. All cows received GnRH on day 0, PGF2alpha on day 7, and GnRH on day 9, and AI 14 h later. Ovarian structures were monitored by ultrasound and milk samples were collected for progesterone (P4) analysis. The first GnRH resulted in ovulation in CYC (90%) and NCY (62.5%) cows. By day 7, almost all cows had large follicle and lutein tissue. Luteolytic responses to PGF2alpha were 80 and 87.5% for CYC and NCY cows, respectively. Following second GnRH, ovulation occurred in 80% of CYC and 100% of NCY cows. Ovulation began earlier (12 h following second GnRH) and extended for longer (36 h) in NCY cows, when compared to CYC cows (36 and 12 h, respectively). The mean P4 levels increased from days 0 through 7 in CYC and NCY cows and levels were higher in CYC group. Conception rates were 60 and 37.5% in CYC and NYC cows, respectively. Early and asynchronous ovulation and luteal sub-function seemed to be a problem in NCY cows. Inseminating NCY cows twice, at 0 and 24 h of the second GnRH is recommended.  相似文献   

18.
Seventy six apparently anoestrous buffaloes, with a palpable corpus luteum at day 43 to 547 post partum, were treated intramuscularly with Prostaglandin, using either 25 mg single dose (Group I), 25 mg double dose 11 days apart (Group II), or 50 mg single dose (Group III). Animals exhibiting oestrus, without any treatment, during the period of experimentation served as control (Group IV). The overall conception rate for the treated animals was 28.8, 51,5, and 69.7 percents after one, two, and three inseminations, respectively. The conception rate, at induced as well as subsequent oestrus, was comparable to control animals. The intergroup differences among treated animals were not significant. The conception rate was greater when the induced heat was more intensely expressed. The subsequent mean oestrus cycle length was similar to controls when all of the treated animals were considered together.  相似文献   

19.
An experiment was carried out on 10 advance pregnant Murrah buffaloes to determine the role of hormones in milk secretion around parturition. Experimental animals were administered with a single injection of bromocryptine, @ 100 μg/kg BW, for 5 days before expected calving, whereas control group buffaloes were injected with placebo injections. Blood samples collected before parturition (-5,-4,-3,-2,-1 days), on day of parturition (day-0) and on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 post partum were analyzed for growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and prolactin (PRL) by radioimmunassay methods. Milk samples were collected daily for 5 days and on day 10 and 15 after parturition. Milk fat, protein, lactose, citric acid, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and somatic cell counts (SCCs) were determined in milk samples. Bromocryptine treatment significantly (P < 0.01) decreased pre partum PRL and increased GH levels (P < 0.01) on day of parturition in experimental buffaloes without influencing plasma IGF-I level. Milk yield was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in experimental than in control group. Further, effect of bromocryptine on milk yield was only for a week. Milk yield increased (P < 0.01) gradually and was similar to control group on day 15 post partum. Bromocryptine treatment significantly increased milk SCC (P < 0.01) and protein content (P < 0.01) but there was no effect of treatment on fat, lactose, citric acid, glucose, milk and plasma NEFA concentration. It was concluded that prepartum suppression of PRL by bromocryptine impairs milk secretion temporarily in ensuing lactation. The significant rise in GH level before parturition and on day of parturition suggests a role of it in milk secretion of buffaloes.  相似文献   

20.
Pheromonal cues present in the urine and vaginal mucus during the estrus period elicit courtship behaviour in mammals including the characteristic flehmen behaviour. In the present study, the flehmen behaviour was assessed in male buffaloes by exposing them to heifers for three consecutive estrous cycles. Behavioural observations revealed that the bulls sniffed the female's external genitalia, responded to the chemical signal(s) and exhibited the flehmen behaviour similar to those reported in other ungulates. The flehmen behaviour was recorded daily during 15-min contact with females for three consecutive estrous cycles. Out of 180 observations during five days estrus periods (-3 to +1 days) which included high frequency of flehmen behaviour and out of 637 observations with or without flehmen behaviour during diestrus periods, the bull displayed 365 and 441 flehmen behaviour, respectively. Average numbers of all (2.03 +/- 0.66) and repeated flehmen (1.05 +/- 0.64) behaviour during estrus periods were significantly higher than those of diestrus periods of all (0.69 +/- 0.25) and repeated flehmen (0.11 +/- 0.10). The statistical significance was higher (P < 0.001) in repeated flehmen behaviour of estrus as compared to that in diestrus. In case of all flehmen behaviour, the statistical significance was higher (P < 0.01) in estrus when compared to that in diestrus. The occurrence of flehmen behaviour in male buffaloes clearly indicates that the specific pheromonal compound(s) present in the urine/vaginal mucus during estrus significantly influence the flehmen behaviour.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号