Description of Scalithrium n. gen. (Cestoda,Tetraphyllidea) with Scalithrium minimum (Van Beneden, 1850) n. comb., a parasite of Dasyatis pastinaca (Elasmobranchii,Dasyatidae), as type species

Scalithrium gen. n. (Cestoda, Tetraphyllidea) is proposed with Scalithrium minimum (Van Beneden, 1850) n. comb., parasite of Dasyatis pastinaca (Elasmobranchii, Dasyatidae) as type-species. The new genus Scalithrium (Tetraphyllidea, Phyllobothriidae, Rhinebothriinae) is erected for several species previously included in the genus Rhinebothrium. These species have a scolex with four bothridia, the distal surface of which is divided by transverse septa in a single row of loculi. Scalithrium minimum (Van Beneden, 1850) n. comb. is redescribed from specimens collected from the type-host Dasyatis pastinaca in Tunisia and becomes the type-species of the new genus. After Braun (1900) Echeneibothrium variabile Van Beneden, 1850 is considered as type-species of the genus Echeneibothrium. Species of Rhinebothriinae to be transferred into the genus Scalithrium are discussed and a key is proposed for the eight species.     

Description of a second species of Nannogonalia Young, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) from the Atlantic Forest of south Brazil

A second species of the poorly known sharpshooter genus Nannogonalia Young, 1977 is described and illustrated from the Atlantic Forest of south Brazil (state of Paraná). Types are deposited in DZUP. Nannogonalia inusitata n. sp. can be distinguished from the type-species (Tettigonia circumcincta Signoret, 1855) mainly by the color pattern and form of the male subgenital plates and female sternite VII. Nannogonalia circumcincta is newly recorded from the state of Paraná. The female genitalia of Nannogonalia are described in detail for the first time, based on the type-species and the new species. We discuss some peculiar features of the first and second ovipositor valvulae of this genus that were previously observed in Versigonalia Young, 1977.     

Revision of the Arctic-Atlantic Rissoidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)

The present paper contains a revision of the Arctic-Atlantic Rissoidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Twenty-two species are recognized. Two new species, Alvania obliqua and Alvania pseudoareolata are described, both previously wrongly identified. One new genus, Frigidoalcania , is established with Rissoa janmayeni as type-species.     

A revision of the neotropical genus Vilga Stål (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

Abstract. Thirteen species of the genus Vilga Stål are recognized and described or redescribed and a key for their identification is given. Lectotypes are designated for Centrocoris westwoodi Kolenati, Vilga dissimilis Distant, Vilga spinosula Montandon, Vilga mexicana Distant, Vilga penningtoni Bergroth and Vilga dallasi Distant. The new combination Vilga chilensis (Stein) is established for Arenocoris chilensis Stein. The new synonymy Vilga dissimilis Distant (= Vilga spinosula Montandon) is established. The new species Vilga brasiliensis (from Brazil), V.grisea (Brazil), V.grisescens (Brazil), V.obliqua (Brazil), V.peruviana (Peru) and V.sanctipauli (Brazil) are described. The genus Vilga is divided into six subgenera, the five new subgeneric names being Vilgula (type-species: Vilga dissimilis Distant), Trichovilga (type-species: Vilga mexicana Distant), Platyvilga (type-species: Arenocoris chilensis Stein), Laevivilga (type-species: Vilga divaricata Distant) and Echinovilga (type-species: Vilga dallasi Distant).     

The genus cephalocoema serville, 1,839 (orthoptera: proscopiidae, tetanorhynchini)

The genus Cephalocoema Serville, 1,839 is revised by the study of its type-species and additional ones. New species are described and synonymies are made. Each species is studied in its morphological features and genital characters, both male and female. Type localities are marked in Biogeographical regions map, which let us to get a pattern of distribution related with the habitat preferences of each species, for the whole genus.     

Glossocercus chelodinae (MacCallum, 1921) n. comb. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) from freshwater turtles in Australia and a redefinition of the genus Bancroftiella Johnston, 1911

Glossocercus chelodinae (MacCallum, 1921) n. comb. is redescribed from fresh material recovered from the intestine of an Australian freshwater turtle, Chelodina expansa. G. chelodinae can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by the shape of its rostellar hooks. It is suggested that this species has colonised fish-eating turtles from fish-eating birds. The morphological relationships among Parvitaenia, Bancroftiella and Glossocercus are discussed. The diagnosis of Bancroftiella is amended and marsupials are eliminated as hosts. Bancroftiella sudarikovi Spasskii &; Yurpalova, 1970 becomes a synonym of Glossocercus glandularis (Fuhrmann, 1905); only B. tenuis Johnston, 1911, the type-species, and B. ardeae Johnston, 1911 remain in the genus.     

Two new termites (Isoptera) from the United Republic of Cameroon

Abstract Two new termites (Isoptera) from the Apicotermes branch of the Apicotermitinae (Termitidae) are described. One, Phoxotermes cerberus , is the type-species of a new genus and the other is a species of Machadotermes Weidner, namely M.rigidus . The affinities and habits of the two species are discussed and a key to the three known species of Machadotermes given.     

The plam-feeding planthopper genus Ommatissus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Tropiduchidae)

Abstract The tribe Trypetimorphini, the genus Ommatissus , and its two subgenera and eleven species are redescribed or described as new. Evidence for the monophyly of both the genus and of the tribe to which it belongs is examined; it is concluded that while the genus is monophyletic, the monophyly of the tribe is in doubt. Keys for the separation of the three genera of the tribe and for all of the known species of Ommatissus are presented. A new subgenus of Ommatissus is described: O.(Opatissus) , with the type-species O.vietnamicus . Four new species are described: Ommatissus magribus from Morocco, O.kamerunus from Cameroon, O.natalensis from South Africa and O.vietnamicus from Vietnam. The 'Dubas bug', Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin, formerly regarded as a variety of O.binotatus Fieber, is raised to full species status. Trichoduchus is synonymized with Trypetimorpha resulting in the new combinations Trypetimorpha biermani Dammerman, T.china Wu and T.japonicus Ishihara. Trichoduchus japonicus Fennah is synonymized with Trypetimorpha japonicus Ishihara.     

A new genus and species of cypridid ostracod from India, with notes on its biology

A new Recent cypridid ostracod genus Bharatcypris , belonging to the subfamily Cypridinae, with Bharatcypris mackenziei sp. nov. as type-species is described from the Punjab, India. Some observations on its biology are also recorded. Two Indian species previously placed in Sclerocypris are transferred to the new genus.     

A numerical study of the Australian earthworm genera Cryptodrilus Fletcher and Trinephrus Beddard, with a new genus (Megascolecidae:Oligochaeta)

Species of Cryptodrilus and Trinephrus , South-east Australian genera previously suppressed as synonyms of Notoscolex , are redescribed. The affinities of the species of the Cryptodrilus-Trinephrus complex, both within the complex and with other groupings, are determined from considerations of general anatomy complemented by a taxonometric comparison of setal intervals in the species studied. It is concluded that Cryptodrilus must be re-established as an independent genus to include, in addition to the type-species (C. rusticus) , all species of Eastern Australia and Tasmania previously referred to Trinephrus. A key to all constituent species is provided and three species-groups are recognized. Cryptodrilus is unique in the Oligochaeta in having multiple excretory bladders in a segment, a condition hitherto unknown. Megascolides diaphanus Spencer, an avesiculate species from Victoria resembling Cryptodrilus in replication of nephridia, is shown to merit recognition of a new monotypic genus, Pseudocryptodrilus. Both Cryptodrilus and Pseudocryptodrilus are shown from the taxonometric study to have perionychine affinities, having close relationships with the vesiculate Plutellus sensu stricto and the avesiculate Simsia respectively. They show only low affinities with dichogastrine genera, represented by the type-species of Notoscolex and Megascolides. Pseudocryptodrilus is assignable to the Perionychini as previously defined but inclusion of Cryptodrilus would require emendment of the definition of the tribe to include total absence of holonephry, a step deferred pending further investigations. The validity of dividing Notoscolex into separate genera on the basis of the excretory system is confirmed. Association (in the Tribe Dichogastrini) of meronephric genera with tubular prostates (formerly placed in the family Octochaetidae) with those with racemose prostates (formerly the family Megascolecidae) receives strong support.     

The erection of Leporidotaenia n. g. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) for Anoplocephaloides spp. parasitising Leporidae (Lagomorpha)

Leporidotaenia n. g. is proposed for four cestode species parasitising Leporidae (Lagomorpha) which were previously considered as members of the genus Anoplocephaloides. The new genus is differentiated from Anoplocephaloides by the presence of a spinose covering on the tegument, the protrusible genital atrium, the massive cirrus-sac with highly developed musculature, the presence of a retractor muscle associated with the cirrus-sac, the posterior position of vaginal pore relative to the male orifice, the cirrus armed with long spines and its occurrence only in hosts of the family Leporidae (Lagomorpha). The genus includes: L. romerolagi (type-species), L. floresbarroetae, L. pseudowimerosa and L. wimerosa. the species (excluding L. floresbarroetae) are redescribed and figured and a differential key is presented. An attempt is made to explain the range of Leporidotaenia spp. in Central America and the western Palaearctic on the basis of the palaeozoogeography of rabbits and hares.     

A new generic name for the New Zealand species previously assigned to Simaethis auctorum (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae), with description of a new species

Abstract

The 20 described species of diurnal moths previously in Simaethis auct. (not Leach, 1815) in New Zealand are transferred to Asterivora n.gen. The genus is described and distinguished from other genera in Choreutidae; genitalia of the type-species are figured. Asterivora oleariae, a new species associated with Olearia lyalli Hook.f. (Asteraceae: Compositae) from The Snares and Stewart Island, is described.     

One new genus and three new species of Orsillinae (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) from Australia

Abstract  Two new species of Nysius Dallas, N. orarius sp. n. and N. tasmaniensis sp. n. are described from New South Wales and Tasmania (Australia), respectively. A new monotypic genus, Reticulatonysius , with type-species R. queenslandensis sp. n. is described from Queensland, and its systematic relationship with other orsilline genera is discussed.