高黎贡山多毛蚤属一新种(蚤目:多毛蚤科)

在鉴定1987年底从滇西高黎贡山南段西坡采获的一批多毛蚤(Hystrichopsylla)中,发现其中自克钦绒鼠(Eothenomys cachinus)巢的两只雌性标本为一新种。新种蚤以自登云主任的姓氏命名,以此对他近年给予我们工作上的支持和帮助表示敬意。 自氏多毛蚤Hystrichopslla(Hystroceras)zii新种 鉴别特征 本新种的颊栉较少(4到6根)和前胸栉较多(40余根)与颊板多毛蚤H.     

中国鼠平亚科田鼠族(Microtini)分类学研究进展与中国已知种类

鼠平亚科田鼠族(Microtini)是一个分布广、物种多、在分类学上存在争议也较多的类群。通常认为该族在全世界有10属81种,中国有7属24种。近年来,通过广泛采集标本,开展分类与系统发育研究,基本厘清我国鼠平亚科田鼠族分类与系统发育问题。确认田鼠族在全世界仅8属,分别是东方田鼠属(Alexandromys)、雪田鼠属(Chionomys)、毛足田鼠属(Lasiopodomys)、艾草田鼠属(Lemmiscus)、田鼠属(Microtus)、松田鼠属(Neodon)、沟牙田鼠属(Proedromys)和川西田鼠属(Volemys)。帕米尔田鼠属(Blanfordimys)被证明是田鼠属的亚属,白尾松田鼠属(Phaiomys)是松田鼠属的同物异名,水鼠平属(Arvicola)被证明不属于田鼠族。而东方田鼠属是从田鼠属的亚属提升为属。中国田鼠族包括6属26种。青海毛足田鼠(Lasiopodomys fuscus)、白尾松田鼠(Phaiomys leucurus)和克氏田鼠(Microtus clarkei)均属于松田鼠属。凉山沟牙田鼠(Proedromys liangshanensis)、林芝松田鼠(Neodon linzhiensis)、聂拉木松田鼠(Neodon nyalamensis)和墨脱松田鼠(Neodon medogensis)是近年来命名的新种。     

八种沙鼠亚科和田鼠亚科啮齿动物阴茎的比较研究

本文对我国仓鼠科沙鼠亚科和田鼠亚科8种啮齿动物的阴茎进行了比较解剖学研究。分析了两亚科的沙鼠属(Meriones)、大沙鼠属(Rhombomys)、田鼠属(Microtus)和绒鼠属(Eothenomys)4个属之间以及同属的种间异同。结果证明阴茎头(包括阴茎骨和软体结构)的形态结构具有属和种的稳定性和特异性,可以作为分类学研究的重要依据。     

种间竞争对同域分布田鼠种群动态的影响

我们对美国伊利诺斯州中东部的蓝草和高草牧场共生的橙腹田鼠(Microtus ochrogaster)和草原田鼠(Microtus pennsylvanicus)开放种群进行了去除实验,以测定潜在的种间竞争。在蓝草草原,橙腹田鼠和草原田鼠的种群密度不因另一种的存在而受抑制;同时,另一种存在的情况下,相互间对月存活率、青年鼠位置的持久性生殖或迁入鼠数量没有负面影响,尽管在高草草原,草原田鼠似乎对橙腹田鼠的种群密度有强烈影响,并限制了迁入鼠的数量,但是雌橙腹田鼠的存活率、青年鼠的持久性和生殖活动的比例不因草原田鼠的存在而受影响。总之,在此研究地点,种间竞争没有对橙腹田鼠和草原田鼠共存种群的动态起到驱动作用。     

新疆社田鼠一新亚种——博格多社田鼠

社四鼠(Microtus socislis)主要分布于西南亚各国和苏联中亚等地,在国内仅见于新疆的天山和塔尔巴哈台山地一带。我们在天山中段博格多山地采获一批社田鼠标本,经研究为一新亚种,报道于下。     

棕色田鼠的生活习性观察及其防治

棕色田鼠(Microtus mandarinus Milne-Edwards)又名北方田鼠,在我国山西、陕西、河北到江苏北部等局部地区均有分布。由于其分布范围不广,不甚引起注意,迄今有关该鼠的研究和报道比较少。 我们连续五年在太原市南郊,对该鼠的栖息地、生     

布氏田鼠G带染色体研究

布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)是田鼠亚科中的一种小型野鼠,分布在我国内蒙古东部地区,对牧草和农田危害甚大,同时又是鼠疫的贮存宿主。有关布氏田鼠的染色体研究国内外未见报道。作者得到内蒙古锡盟鼠防     

布氏田鼠的一些生态资料

本文就呼伦贝尔草原布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)生态的一些资料简报如下: 1.布氏田鼠的生长 1975年6月,先后捕7只孕鼠,经笼养分别在6月5、8、9、12日产仔,幼鼠12—16天睁眼。这批幼鼠中有16只从6月养到9月,定期称重,到90天后处死。幼鼠初生平均体重2.05克;26日龄平均体重15.77克,平均日增重为0.54克;38日龄平均体重23.84克,此期平均日增重0.70克;64日龄平均体重30.2克,此期平均日增重0.25克;90日龄平均体重31克,日增重0.03克。     

内蒙狭颅田鼠一新亚种

中国科学院动物研究所工作组于1963年夏在内蒙东北部呼伦贝尔高原采得一系列狭颅田鼠Microtus gregalis Pallas,其中采自海拉尔河北岸、哈克车站东北谢尔塔拉的5个标本,经研究认为系一新亚种,定名为谢尔塔拉狭颅田鼠,现予描述于下:     

布氏田鼠动情周期的初步研究

布氏田鼠(Microtus brandti Radde)是我国呼伦贝尔草原的害鼠之一。为配合布氏田鼠的防治工作,我们对该鼠的动情周期进行了研究。关于这个问题,迄今,尚未见国内外有过报道。动情周期的出现,是决定动物是否具繁殖能力的一个因素,弄清这个问题,对阐明布氏田鼠的繁殖规律,具有一定意义。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.