广东省卵翅蝗属一新种(直翅目:蝗总科)

在调查广东省封开县黑石顶自然保护区的昆虫中,作者发现斑腿蝗科卵翅蝗属(Caryanda Stl,1878)一新种。模式标本保存于中山大学昆虫学研究所标本室。 黑条卵翅蝗Caryanda nigrolinedta新种(图1—9) 雄虫 体型小。头短于前胸背板。触角丝状,细长,向后远超过后足股节基部,中段     

四川家蝇属(双翅目:蝇科)间性体一例记述

记述采自中国四川西部蝇科Muscidae家蝇属Musca家蝇间性体M.domestica Linnaeus 1例.观察标本存中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所昆虫博物馆.     

云南省卵翅蝗属一新种(直翅目,斑腿蝗科)

记述采自云南省普洱地区卵翅蝗属1新种,即圆板卵翅蝗Caryanda cyclata sp.nov.,新种近似于方板卵翅蝗Caryanda quadrata Bi et Xia,1984,主要区别为:1)雄性肛上板盾形,后缘圆弧形;2)雌性下生殖板后缘具3齿;3)雌性前翅超过第1腹节背板后缘;4)雄性尾片及肛上板两侧缘非黑色;5)雄性尾须黑色;6)前翅黑色;7)后足股节端半部橙红色;8)后足胫节青兰色.模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室.     

脊翅蝗属一新种(直翅目:蝗科)

脊翅蝗属 Eclipophleps Tarb.自1927年被记述以后,现已知11种2亚种。它们分布在我国甘肃兰州(1种)以及蒙古西半部(8种2亚种)和苏联的哈萨克斯坦(2种)。 笔者在整理以在所采新疆蝗虫标本时,又发现了此属的1个新种。后在1978年又到此新种的模式产地(东天山林带以上的高山、亚高山草甸)进行采集和观察,发现此新种在此区域内还是优势种。     

云南蝗虫一新属(直翅目:蝗科)

在中苏考察队1956年所采的云南蝗虫标本中,发现一新属,现记述如下。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国卵翅蝗属一新种——(直翅目:蝗总科)

卵翅蝗属Caryanda Stal,1878是一个较小的属,主要分布于印度,缅甸,越南,印尼,菲律宾,中非以及我国。目前已知有21种,其中分布于我国的有11种。我们在整理卵翅蝗属时,发现一新种,现记述如下。模式模本保存于广东省昆虫研究所。     

云南卵翅蝗属一新种记述 (直翅目:斑腿蝗科)

记述采自滇西南地区德宏的卵翅蝗属Caryanda 1新种:德宏卵翅蝗Caryanda dehongensis, sp. nov., 模式标本保存于大理学院生命科学与化学系。 德宏卵翅蝗Caryanda dehongensis,新种(图1~4) 本新种近似于方板卵翅蝗Caryanda quadrata Bi et Xia 和大尾片卵翅蝗C. macrofurcula Mao et Ou,但以以下特征区别于后二种:1)体较大,♂19.5~20.0 mm,♀22.5~25.5 mm;2)前胸背板沟前区长为沟后区长的2.4(♂)或2.8(♀)倍;3)雄性次末节背板后缘具三角形小尾片;4)雄性肛上板长盾形,后缘中央三角形突出;5)雌性下生殖板后缘接近平直。 正模:♂,云南德宏(24.7°N,98.2°E),2002-Ⅷ-20,李燕珍采;副模:2♂♂4♀♀,云南德宏(24.7°N,98.2°E),2002-Ⅹ-01,李燕珍、徐吉山、杨国辉采。     

中国贵州舟形蝗属一新种(直翅目,蝗总科,斑腿蝗科,卵翅蝗亚科)

记述了采自贵州的舟形蝗属l新种,模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.贵州舟形蝗,新种Lemba guizhouensis sp.nov.(图l～4)新种同叉尾舟形蝗Lemba bituberculata Yin et Liu,1987近似,区别特征为:前胸腹板突扁锥形,不向后弯曲;前胸背板沟前区长为沟后区长的1.7倍;前翅较短,仅达腹部第2节中部;肛上板长大于宽;下生殖板较短,其超出肛上板部分的长度短于肛上板;尾片褐色.新种也同云南舟形蝗Lemba yunnana Ma et Zheng,1994近似,区别特征为:前胸腹板突扁锥形,不向后弯曲;中胸腹板侧叶中隔长约为最狭处的3倍;尾须长度超过肛上板的后缘;肛上板顶端较尖;下生殖板顶端平.正模♂,贵州绥阳宽阔水(28° 17′N,107° ll′E;海拔800 m),2010-08-11,智永超采.词源:新种种名源自模式标本采集地地名.     

云南卵翅蝗属二新种(直翅目,蝗总科)

记述卵翅蝗属Caryanda St(a)tl,1878 2新种,印氏卵翅蝗Caryanda yini Mao et Ren,sp.nov.和尾齿卵翅蝗Caryanda dentata Mao et Ou,sp.nov.;为便于比较补充记述了上述2种的近似种德宏卵翅蝗Caryanda dehongensis Mao,Xu et Yang,2003的雄性外生殖器.模式标本及本文使用的其它标本均保存于大理学院生命科学与化学学院.     

Foraging by a Generalist Grasshopper: The Distance Between Food Resources Influences Diet Mixing and Growth Rate (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

The grasshopper, Schistocerca americana, grew better on a mixture of cotton and kale than on either alone. When the two foods were placed in close proximity, growth rates were similar among individuals, but when they were 20 cm apart growth rates were extremely variable among individuals. Behavioral analyses showed that distance influenced the dietary mixing behavior of individuals. Foods close together were sampled more often and there were more meals that included both food types. When foods were distant, individuals tended to stay for relatively long periods at one or the other; when on cotton, this resulted in more feeding on cotton, which was an inferior food. Individuals varied in the extent to which they were constrained by the distance between the two foods. Those that moved between the foods less and therefore mixed less seemed to grow less well, suggesting the possibility of a trade-off between active foraging and behavior associated with predator avoidance.     

Pharmacological Activation of Stridulation in the Grasshopper Chorthippus albomarginatus (Orthoptera: Gomphocerinae)

Calling and courtship stridulatory behavior of Chorthippus albomarginatus was induced by injections of acetylcholine agonists into the protocerebrum. Pharmacologically induced stridulation, in many parameters, was quite similar to the natural behavior. However, the order of the courtship element alternation was different from that of the natural song. In some cases the pharmacologically induced stridulation included only one or two courtship elements. Based on the exclusive stimulation of a particular element of courtship songs and similarity of its movement pattern with the calling song, both patterns of Ch. albomarginatus stridulation appear to be homologous. The results obtained on this species confirm the idea of a hierarchic organization of the central nervous control of stridulation in gomphocerine grasshoppers and indicate participation of certain protocerebrum structures in this control.     

Ontogeny of territoriality in the desert clickerLigurotettix coquilletti (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Field observations and experiments showed that settlement prior to reproductive maturation strongly influenced territorial success in the desert clicker(Ligurotettix coquilletti), an acridid grasshopper in which males defend individual host plants (Larrea tridentata bushes) as mating arenas. High tendencies to move and reposition among the host plants were displayed in two distinct episodes. The first occurred during early nymphal development, and it resulted in many individuals settling on high-qualityLarrea bushes. Prior work showed thatL. coquilletti that fed on foliage from these specific bushes exhibited higher relative growth rates and therefore were expected to eclose sooner. Early-eclosing males enjoyed a priority advantage in defending high-quality bushes as mating territories, and they consequently encountered more females and mated more frequently. Despite the distribution of most insects on high-quality bushes at the time of eclosion, though, a second movement episode occurred shortly thereafter. This reshuffling contrasts markedly with the site fidelity of mature adult males, most of which settle on mating territories, and it may function as a means of examining an enlarged sample of potential sites. The above results imply that territorial success of maleL. coquilletti does not result from retaining sites defended by the parents. This point is also supported by the finding that females do not oviposit particularly close to theLarrea bushes in which they reside regardless of their quality; most egg pods are deposited in bare soil midway between the bushes. Nonetheless, certain oviposition sites may be conducive to earlier hatch, and this can lead to earlier eclosion and ultimately to defense of a valuable territory. Therefore, the parental generation, through selective oviposition, may yet influence the success of their male offspring.     

The importance of palpation in food selection by a polyphagous grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

The behavioral responses of final-instar nymphs of Schistocerca americanato a variety of acceptable and unacceptable plants were recorded. Palpation occurred on all plants and the palps are involved in both acceptance and rejection. On most unacceptable plants, rejection was at first dependent on biting the leaf, but subsequently on Lantana, Machaeranthera, Moms,and Physalis,rejection often occurred after palpation of the surface alone. This is consistent with the suggestion that associative learning occurs. This response did not wane even when the insects had been without food for over 2 h. There was also some evidence of an innate response to the surface characteristics of Physalis.The features of the surfaces that produced these responses were not determined.     

Prevalence and infection intensity of the biocontrol agent Paranosema locustae (Microsporidia) in field-collected,newly-associated hosts (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae)

Host range, prevalence, and infection intensity of Paranosema locustae in grasshoppers at an establishment site in Patagonia, Argentina, were recorded. Results agreed with earlier observations at other introduction-establishment areas. Affected grasshoppers were melanoplines (Baeacris punctulatus, Dichroplus elongatus, Dichroplus maculipennis). Sporulation was not observed in instars I, II, and III.     

云南卯翅蝗属一新种记述(直翅目:斑腿蝗科)

One new species of Caryanda Stal, namely C. dehongensis, sp. nov. fromsouthwestern Yunnan Province is described in the present paper. Type specimens are kept inthe Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Dali College, Yunnan.     

One new genus and three new species of wingless grasshoppers from Xizang,China(Orthoptera:Acridoidea)

One new genus and three new species of wingless grasshoppers,i.e.Pseudozubovskia gen.nov.,Pseudozubovskia xizangensis sp.nov.,Eokingdonella gongbugyanda sp.nov.,Dysanema magna sp.nov.are described.The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology,Shaanxi Normal University.