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外加肌醇和钙离子对酿酒酵母乙醇发酵的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
酒精发酵是重要的发酵工业之一,在传统的酒精发酵过程中,菌种的酒精发酵浓度低,原料的利用率和酒精的转化率也低,能量消耗大,导致生产效率较差[1]。近年来国内外许多研究者致力于筛选和构建能产高浓度酒精和耐高浓度酒精的菌种,并把这些酿酒酵母应用于浓醪发酵生... 相似文献
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以1株能够直接利用菊糖产乙醇的酿酒酵母L610为出发菌株,对其利用菊糖生产乙醇的发酵条件进行了一系列研究。结果表明,L610最适乙醇发酵温度为37℃,且40℃高温发酵对其产乙醇能力无显著影响;L610对酸性发酵环境有良好的耐受性,当发酵液p H值降至3.5时,其糖醇转化率及乙醇产量仍保持较高水平;以0.025~0.10 vvm的通气量通气12 h有利于L610发酵菊糖产乙醇;L610对350 g/L的高浓度菊糖有良好的转化率,乙醇浓度和生产强度分别达到129 g/L和1.35 g/(L·h);当直接以300 g/L菊芋粗粉为唯一底物进行发酵时,L610发酵产乙醇浓度达到89.6 g/L,为理论产量的78.1%。本研究所取得的成果为酿酒酵母一步法发酵菊芋生产乙醇的工业化发展提供参考。 相似文献
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为获得菌株发酵菊芋生产燃料乙醇的最佳方案,首先选取实验室保存的重组菌株R32对其产酶条件进行优化,其最高产菊粉酶活性为298.8 U· mL-1,此时的最佳培养基配方为:YPG培养基为酵母粉1% (w/v),蛋白胨2% (w/v),甘油0.5% (v/v);YPM培养基为酵母粉1% (w/v),蛋白胨2% (w/v),甲醇1%(v/v);培养基pH为自然初始pH.然后选取酿酒酵母S.c和克鲁维酵母Klu,比较是否在添加重组菌株R32粗酶液条件下,两株酵母菌分别进行单独发酵和混合发酵时的产乙醇能力,以获得最佳的发酵组合.结果表明,酿酒酵母S.c和克鲁维酵母Klu在未添加重组菌株R32粗酶液时,混合一步发酵获得的乙醇含量较高,发酵84 h时乙醇含量为11.37%.添加重组菌株R32粗酶液进行两步发酵时,2株酵母菌混合发酵72 h时,乙醇含量为11.43%.2种发酵组合的最高乙醇含量以及各个发酵参数基本相同,虽然一步法发酵时间延长,但节省成本,操作简单,更适宜工业生产应用.最后对其进行正交试验优化,培养条件为菊粉浓度225 g· L-1,脲素浓度40 g·L-1,接种量15%,pH为5时,酿酒酵母菌S.c和克鲁维酵母Klu混合一步发酵法的最高乙醇体积比达11.82%. 相似文献
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燃料乙醇发酵过程中酿酒酵母细胞活性被高浓度乙醇严重抑制而导致发酵提前终止,生产强度严重降低,因此构建同时具有高耐受性、高发酵性能的菌株一直是发酵工业追求的目标。选取酿酒酵母细胞形态调节关键基因小GTP酶家族成员Rho1,构建易错PCR产物文库,以酿酒酵母S288c为出发菌株采取“富集-自然生长-复筛”的筛选策略,成功筛选得到两株乙醇胁迫耐受性与发酵性能均提高的突变株M2和M5。测序发现突变株过表达的Rho1序列出现了3~5个氨基酸的突变和大片段的缺失突变。以300 g/L起始葡萄糖进行乙醇发酵,72 h时,M2和M5的乙醇滴度比对照菌株分别提高了19.4%和22.3%,超高浓度乙醇发酵能力显著提高。本研究为利用蛋白定向进化方法改良酵母菌复杂表型提供了新的作用靶点。 相似文献
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耐温酵母与酿酒酵母的属间融合及融合株的高温乙醇发酵 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用原生质体融合技术进行耐温的克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces Y034)与酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cereuisiae A001) 的属间融合,获得属间隔合子AY068。该融合株在45℃下进行高温乙酵发酵,结果表明融合株表达了双亲耐温和产酒率高的特性。通过正交试验优化培养基成分,表明蛋东用量对菌体热抗性差异显著。比较了不同温度条件下,菌体生物量、糖利用率、pH因素与酒精产率的 相似文献
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发酵法精制大豆低聚糖的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
发酵法精制大豆低聚糖的研究 《微生物学通报》2001,28(6):56-59
研究了三种面包酵母对大豆低聚糖碳源利用的选择性。结果表明 :面包酵母C可选择性地利用蔗糖 ,而水苏糖和棉子糖的保留率大于 96 %;通过添加酵母膏 ,经过 3 6h培养 ,面包酵母C可全部利用大豆低聚糖中的蔗糖。进一步研究表明 ,以大豆乳清废糖浆为原料直接发酵再经下游处理 ,可得到蔗糖含量低于 1 3 %的精制大豆低聚糖干粉。 相似文献
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G. Ch. Lainioti J. Kapolos A. Koliadima 《Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology》2013,43(5):489-506
The technique of reversed-flow gas chromatography (RFGC) was employed for the determination of the alcoholic fermentation phases and of kinetic parameters for free and immobilized cell systems, at different initial glucose concentrations and temperature values. In addition to this, due to its considerable advantages over other techniques, RFGC was used for the characterization of a new biocatalyst, yeast cells immobilized on starch gel, and especially wheat starch gel. Immobilization of wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae AXAZ-1 was accomplished on wheat and corn starch gels in order to prepare new biocatalysts with great interest for the fermentation industry. The RFGC led with great accuracy, resulting from a literature review, to the determination of reaction rate constants and activation energies at each phase of the fermentation processes. A maximum value of rate constants was observed at initial glucose concentration of 205 g/L, where a higher number of yeast cells was observed. The increase of glucose concentrations had a negative influence on the growth of AXAZ-1 cells and rate constants were decreased. The decrease of fermentation temperature caused a substantial reduction in the viability of immobilized cells as well as in rate constant values. Activation energies of corn starch gel presented lower values than those of wheat starch gel. However, the two supports showed higher catalytic efficiency than free cell systems, proving that starch gels may act as a promoter of the catalytic activity of the yeast cells involved in the fermentation process. 相似文献
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树状多节孢发酵生产紫杉醇工艺条件的初步研究* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了树状多节孢HQD33内生真菌融合子TPF-1摇瓶发酵工艺条件,进行了2.8L和10L通用式机械搅拌罐的发酵试验。结果表明,HQD33适宜发酵工艺条件是:发酵时间16~18d,培养基中蔗糖、苯丙氨酸、醋酸钠、酪氨酸、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和亚油酸的加量分别为10g/L、1mg/L、1.5g/L、15mg/L、5mg/L和15mg/L,摇瓶装量为150ml/500ml,在此条件下摇瓶发酵液中紫杉醇平均含量为448.52 g/L; 2.8L和10L罐发酵液中紫杉醇含量达406.95和395.12g/L(平均值)。 相似文献
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变灰青霉固态发酵降解植酸的初步研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
从发霉植酸钠溶液中分离到一株产植酸酶的变灰青霉(Penicilliumcanescens)P4。以麸皮:玉米面:黄豆饼粉=7:2:1为主要培养基成份,用优选法确定最适培养基为在上述基本培养基中添加4%(NH4)2SO4,1%葡萄糖,1.5倍水,自然pH。发酵过程的动态分析表明,该菌在上述条件下28℃恒温培养6d后植酸降解率可达90%;无机磷含量由0.13%增至0.57%;可溶性蛋白含量由3.80%增至7.60%。用4%CaCl2·2H2O水溶液抽提 相似文献
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Bioethanol production from carob pods has attracted many researchers due to its high sugar content. Both Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been used previously for this purpose in submerged and solid-state fermentation. Since extraction of sugars from the carob pod particles is a costly process, solid-state and solid submerged fermentations, which do not require the sugar extraction step, may be economical processes for bioethanol production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bioethanol production in solid submerged fermentation from carob pods. The maximum ethanol production of 0.42 g g?1 initial sugar was obtained for Z. mobilis at 30°C, initial pH 5.3, and inoculum size of 5% v/v, 9 g carob powder per 50 mL of culture media, agitation rate 0 rpm, and fermentation time of 40 hr. The maximum ethanol production for S. cerevisiae was 0.40 g g?1 initial sugar under the same condition. The results obtained in this research are comparable to those of Z. mobilis and S. cerevisiae performance in other culture mediums from various agricultural sources. Accordingly, solid submerged fermentation has a potential to be an economical process for bioethanol production from carob pods. 相似文献
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离子注入麦角甾醇酵母选育及发酵工艺 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
通过离子注入诱变筛选到产麦角甾醇酵母高产菌,得率较出发菌提高55%~60%。对高产菌进行发酵条件优化,发现其对发酵通氧量有更高的要求,培养基中添加10%的糖或0.1%的Ca(NO3)2对麦角甾醇发酵有明显促进作用。 相似文献
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黑曲霉G2.1.1.1.4菌株在产生植酸酶时受无机磷的反馈阻遏,并且植酸酶的产生与淀粉酶的产生存在相互抑制。对植酸酶固体发酵进行调控和通过响应面分析优化发酵条件,提高了植酸酶产量。最适发酵条件下,植酸酶(PhytA)的产量可达62.1u/g.干基。 相似文献