中国西南特有翅茎草属的种间界定——基于形态学和分子系统学分析

翅茎草属(Pterygiella)是中国西南地区特有的半寄生植物.翅茎草属4种植物形态差异不显著,种的界定依据较模糊;此外,杜氏翅茎草2变种的划分依据也存在疑问.本研究选取了翅茎草属4种13个居群,通过数量性状的主成分分析和质量性状的非加权组平均法聚类分析;结合叶绿体4个片段(即atpB-rbcL、trnD-trnT、trnS-trnG和sbA-trnH)和核基因组的ITS片段研究,对该属下的种类划分作了重新界定.研究表明:翅茎草属应包括3种,即翅茎草、杜氏翅茎草和圆茎翅茎草;川滇翅茎木应作为圆茎翅茎草的变种.对杜氏翅茎草指定了后选模式,该种仅包括茎无毛的个体,而茎疏被毛的个体应归入翅茎草中.基于以上研究结果,本文提出了一个新的翅茎草属分种检索表,并做了分类修订.     

中国海南内生拟盘多毛孢

2004 至 2005 年期间,从我国海南地区 95 种植物中分离鉴定了 43 种内生拟盘多毛孢,包括 5 个新组合,16 个内生拟盘多毛孢新记录种。5 个原归在盘多毛孢属 Pestalotia 的种重组到拟盘多毛孢属Pestalotiopsis 中,它们是二色拟盘多毛孢 P. bicolor,金鸡纳树拟盘多毛孢 P. cinchonae,密花拟盘多毛孢P. lambertiae,草原拟盘多毛孢 P. pampeana 和露兜树拟盘多毛孢 P. pandani。对 5 个新组合进行了重新描述和图解,其它 16 个内生拟盘多毛孢新记录种列出名录。     

角唇宽猛蚁工蚁的发现及中国云南小盲猛蚁属一新种记述 (膜翅目:蚁科)(英文)

首次发现并描述角唇宽猛蚁PlatythyreaclypeataForel的工蚁。宽猛蚁属PlatythyreaRoger和角唇宽猛蚁P .clypeataForel为中国新记录属种。在中国记载小盲猛蚁属ProbolomyrmexMayr 2种 :长结小盲猛蚁P .longinodusTerayamaetOgata分布于台湾省 ,长柄小盲猛蚁P .longiscapussp .nov .新种分布于云南省。     

Three new species of Paralomis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Lithodidae) from the Pacific and Antarctic Oceans

Three new species of the lithodid genus Paralomis from the Sulawesi (Celebes) Islands, P. ochthodes sp.n., Chilean coast, P. tuberipes sp.n., and Antarctic Ocean, P. birsteini sp.n., are described and illustrated. The first two species have features that set them well apart from other species of the genus. Characters are also given to distinguish P. birsteini from the closely allied P. spectabilis Hansen (North Atlantic).     

中国南方内生拟盘多毛孢

采集并鉴定了我国南方8科17种植物的内生拟盘多毛孢23种,其中4个过去归在盘多毛孢属的种重组到拟盘多毛孢属中,它们是布氏拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis briosiana,、芍药生拟盘多毛孢P.paeoniicola、亚角质拟盘多毛孢P.subcuticularis和窒息拟盘多毛孢P.suffocata,并对这4个新组合进行了重新描述和图解,其它19种列出名录。     

广西大头蚁属分类研究及三新种记述(膜翅目:蚁科)(英文)

记述广西大头蚁属昆虫１３种,其中３新种,即奇大头蚁Ｐ．ａｐｈｒａｓｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,长柄大头蚁Ｐ．ｌｏｎｇｉｓｃａｐａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和淡黄大头蚁Ｐ．ｆｌａｖｅｒｉａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,中国１新纪录种费氏大头蚁Ｐ．ｆｅａｅＥｍｅｒｙ,提出１新地位种香港大头蚁Ｐ．ｈｏｎｇｋｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＷｈｅｅｌｅｒ,ｎｅｗｓｔａｔｕｓ。新种奇大头蚁与香港大头蚁近似,主要不同为头部刻纹,尤其是头部的奇特形状,即不仅头顶具横形凹陷,头侧也具斜形凹陷。新种长柄大头蚁与阿伦大头蚁Ｐ．ａｌａｎｉＢｉｎｇｈａｍ相似,不同之处为：唇基具中脊;唇基前缘凹陷;第１结节上缘完整。此外,小型工蚁触角极长,柄节比达１６４～１６７,在同属各种中也是少见的。新种淡黄大头蚁与兴起湖大头蚁Ｐ．ｆｕｎｋｉｋｏｅｎｓｉｓＷｈｅｅｌｅｒ相似,主要区别为大型工蚁头长大于宽;唇基不具中脊;小型工蚁后头缘具粗大网状刻纹。后一特征可与同属中大多数种类相区别。新种正模标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所,副模标本及其余研究标本保存于广西师范大学生物系。     

中国新记录种黑毛地蜂记述（膜翅目：地花蜂科：毛地蜂亚科）

对近来记述的古北区东部地区的毛地蜂属Panurginus Nylander全部14个种作了补充研究。中国对该属的研究较少,仅知2种：黑足毛地蜂Panurginus nigripes Morawitz 和黄跗毛地蜂Panurginus flavotarsus ? Wu。黑毛地蜂Panurginus niger Nylander为该属的模式种,分布于俄罗斯和蒙古,本文报道该种为中国新记录种。目前,中国已知该属3种,分属于2个组即niger-group和herzi-group。文中提供了中国已知种类检索表。     

Une nouvelle espèce de Podocnemis (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) provenant du Néogène de la formation Solimões, Acre, Brésil

A Neogene turtle from Brasil is described. It represents the first find of a new species close to the extant Podocnemis sextuberculata. Both species constitute a new clade in the genus. The synapomorphies they share and the differences between them are given. P. negrii nov. sp. is the second fossil species of the genus, after P. bassleri from the Neogene of Peru, which constitutes another clade with the extant P. expansa. The relationships between these two clades and the other species of the genus are not determinate.     

中国霜霉的几个新种

本文描述了霜霉属(Peronospora)两个新种。即:寄生于唇形科植物香薷(Elsholtziapatrnia Garcke)上的香薷霜霉(Peronospora elsholtziae sp.nov.)和寄生于大花益母草(Leonurusmacranthus Maxim.)上的大花益母草霜霉(Peronospora leonuri sp.nov);单轴霉属(Plasmopara)一个新种,寄生于车前草科植物车前草(Plantago major L.)上的车前草单轴霉(Plasmoparaplantaginicola sp.nov.,);盘梗霉属(Bremia)一个新种,寄生于石竹科植物莫石竹(Moehringialateriflora L.)上的莫石竹盘梗霉(Bremia moehringiae sp.nov.).这四个新种均有拉丁文和中文描述。还分别讨论了新种与同科近似种之间的区别。     

中国肥螈属(两栖纲:蝾螈科)一新种——弓斑肥螈Pachytriton archospotus sp. nov.

本文记述两栖纲蝾螈目蝾螈科一新种,新种具肥螈属(Pachytriton)系列特征,与肥螈属已知2种比较有明显区别.如1)本新种与黑斑肥螈(Pachytriton brevipes)相似,体表具黑色小圆斑,但新种具额鳞弓、上鳃骨直而与后者不同;无斑肥螈(Pachytriti on labiatus)(地模标本)虽具额鳞弓,但上鳃骨明显弯曲,体表无黑色小圆斑;2) 新种吻短,吻长小于眼间距,黑斑肥螈吻长大于眼间距,无斑肥螈吻长大于或等于眼间距, 它们的头型明显不同,虽然三者头长均大于头宽,但头长、吻长、眼间距差异显著;3)繁 殖期新种雄体肛区不明显肿胀,肛裂周边中、后部生殖乳突长,而且多,十分醒目;黑斑肥 螈和无斑肥螈繁殖期肛区明显肿胀膨大,生殖乳突较短、且稀.经统计分析三种肥螈的头体长、头长、头宽、吻长和眼间距存在显著差异     

中国柱衣属小志

对中国柱衣属Pilophorus进行了系统的分类学研究。通过标本采集发现了6个种,包含过去报道的4个种：P. acicularis,P. cereolus,P. clavatus和P. curtulus,以及两个作者近期发表的种：P. fruticosus和P. yunnanensis。对这6个种进行了形态学,解剖学以及化学特征的描述,并且提供了中国柱衣属的检索表和形态特征。     

The genus Plectranthus in India and its chemistry

Phytochemical constituents isolated from Indian species of the genus Plectranthus reported up to 2009 are compiled. In India, the genus Plectranthus is found in all the habitats and altitudes, particularly in the Himalaya, the Southern Ghats, and the Nilgiri region. P. amboinicus, P. barbatus, P. caninus, P. mollis, P. coetsa, and P. incanus are the most common species found in India. Phytochemical studies of the genus revealed that Indian Plectranthus species are rich in essential oil, and that the most abundant secondary metabolites are diterpenoids, i.e., labdanes, abietanes, and ent-kauranes, as well as triterpenoids.     

世界奇蚁属第三种记述(膜翅目:蚁科)

The third species of the ant genus Perissomyrmex in the world, P.fissus sp. nov., is collected from Ailao Mountain Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province. Perissomyrmex is a new record genus in China. Taxonomic key based on worker caste is provided for the 3 species: P.snyderi Smith, P monticola de Andrade, and P fissus sp. nov.     

中国发小卷蛾属研究及二新种记述（英文）

发小卷蛾属Pseudohedya Falkovitch全世界已知5种,分布在古北区东部（日本,韩国,俄罗斯远东地区及我国长白山）,本研究中首次在东洋区发现该属。本文报道了中国所有种类,其中记述2新种：梵净发小卷蛾P. fanjingica sp. nov.（贵州梵净山）与刘氏发小卷蛾P. liui sp. nov.（河南王屋山）;缩发小卷蛾P. retracta Falkovitch为中国新纪录种（河南,陕西,天津,湖北,广东,四川,甘肃）。文中提供了分种检索表、形态特征图、雄性外生殖器图及部分种的雌性外生殖器特征图。模式标本保存在南开大学昆虫标本室。     

The genus Phaeophyscia in East Africa

Eight species of the lichen genus Phaeophyscia are recorded from East Africa. Two species, P. confusa Moberg and P. fumosa Moberg, are described as new. The delimitation of the genus is discussed and the publication date of the combinations P. hirsuta (Mereschk.) Moberg, P. hispidula (Ach.) Moberg and P. rubropulchra (De–gel.) Moberg is stated.     

青海长尾仓鼠吸虱一新种（吸虱亚目：多板虱科）

采自青海乌兰县铜普长尾仓鼠的吸虱经鉴定为一新种,仓鼠多板虱,它与采自我国毛足鼠的相近种裘氏多板虱的区别在于头型及其侧后角的刚毛,腹部无序及外生殖器的不同。     

Phycodrys valentinae sp. nov. (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) with Discussion of Other Species of the Phycodrys Genus from the North Pacific

A new species Phycodrys valentinae Seliv. et Zhigad. from the northwest of the Bering Sea, distinct from other species of the genus Phycodrys by the presence of a distromatic lamina and by the arrangement of basal generative prolifications, was described. Based on the analysis of the morphological and anatomic traits of species of the genus Phycodrys, P. serratiloba (Rupr.) A. Zin., which was considered as synonym of P. riggii Gardn. to the present [27, 28, 30], was reinstated as an independent species. The taxonomic status of other representatives of the genus Phycodrys of the studied region is considered. In our opinion, five species of the genus Phycodrys (P. serratiloba, P. riggii, P. amchitkensis, P. vinogradovae, and P. valentinae) grow in the seas of the Russian Far East.     

A molecular phylogeny of the marine mussel genus Perna (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) based on nuclear (ITS1&2) and mitochondrial (COI) DNA sequences

A molecular phylogeny is presented for marine mussels of the genus Perna, based on nuclear (ITS1,ITS2) and mitochondrial (COI) DNA sequence data. The three generally recognised species (Perna viridis, Perna perna and Perna canaliculus) and one putative species (Perna picta) were each sampled from several locations within their known geographic distributions. A range of phylogenetic analyses was used to investigate the current taxonomic assignments, evolutionary relationships and the biogeographical history of the genus. The different analyses produced similar, well supported topologies and verified the monophyly of the genus with respect to five mytilid outgroup species. P. perna (Atlantic), P. viridis (Indo-West Pacific), and P. canaliculus (New Zealand) each formed distinct clades, confirming their specific status. Putative P. picta from North Africa clustered within the P. perna clade and is not regarded as a separate species. P. perna and P. canaliculus were the most closely related of the three species. Possible biogeographic explanations for the present species distributions are evaluated.     

广西北部地区腐霉种类和地理分布研究

从广西北部地区作物根围采集土壤标样323个,分离纯化出腐霉菌株260个,共15种。其中7种为广西新记录,即棘腐霉Pythiumacanthicum,浮游腐霉P.aquatile,宽雄腐霉P.dissotocum,缺性腐霉P.elongatum,孤雌腐霉P.amasculinum,禾生腐霉P.graminicola,绚丽腐霉P.pulchrum。优势种为瓜果腐霉P.aphanidermatum,其余7种为刺腐霉P.spinosum,德里腐霉P.deliense,昆明腐霉P.kunmingense,南宁腐霉P.nanningense,刺器腐霉P.acanthophoron,终极腐霉P.ultimum,镰雄腐霉P.falciforme。同时对腐霉的地理分布情况进行了初步探讨,发现腐霉分布有着明显的地域性。     

Taxonomic revision of the genus Phryganogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) from China

A taxonomic revision of the genus Phryganogryllacris Karny, 1937 is provided. Twelve species of the genus from China are recorded, including 5 species described as new to science, namely P. sichuanensis Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. parva Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. truncata Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. interrupta Li, Liu Li, sp. nov. and P. longicerca Li, Liu Li, sp. nov. Two new combinations are also reported here, P. gialai(Gorochov, 2004)(Vietnam) comb. nov. and P. alia(Gorochov, 2004)(Vietnam) comb. nov. A key to Chinese species of the genus was provided.