幽门螺杆菌与胃黏膜相关淋巴瘤相关性研究

目的研究幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)与胃黏膜相关淋巴瘤相关性。方法通过胃镜和相关辅助检查,对24例胃黏膜相关淋巴瘤病人胃内幽门螺杆菌进行动态观察。结果24例胃黏膜相关淋巴瘤病人中,18例出现H.pylori感染(75%);治疗后H.pylori感染例数减少(6/24,25%);1年后H.pylori病人感染又增加(11/24,46%)。结论抗H.pylori及胃黏膜相关淋巴瘤常规治疗方法有效,但易反复,可考虑辅以微生态调节剂治疗。     

23例儿童霍奇金淋巴瘤临床分析

目的：分析儿童青少年霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）患者的病理特征、临床表现及其预后影响因素。方法：收集青岛大学医学院附属医院血液儿科2001年5年至2013年8月收治的23例经病理确诊的儿童青少年HL患者的临床资料,采用Fisher确切概率法等进行各组间差异检验。结果：确诊病例共23例,中位年龄7.5岁,男：女发病比例=6.7：1,Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期分别占13.0%、26.2%、30.4%、30.4%;结节性淋巴细胞为主型（NLPHL）1例（4.3%）,经典型HL22例（95.7%）：混合细胞型（MC）10例（43.5%）,淋巴细胞为主型（LP）11例（47.9%）,结节硬化型（NS）1例（4.3%）;受累部位以颈部淋巴结最多见,其次依次为纵隔、腹腔及腹膜后、脾、骨骼、肺组织等,其中巨大纵隔肿块者2例;具有B症状者8例（34.7%）。化疗2个疗程评估总有效率为100%,完全缓解（CR）率69.6%,部分缓解（PR）率30.4%。Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者CR率100%,明显高于Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者（50%）,P〈0.05;23例患者7例复发,复发率Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者为46.2%,Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者为11.1%,前者高于后者（P=0.0098）;有B症状与无B症状患者之间复发率有显著统计学差异（P=0.019）;2例有巨大包块患者皆复发;各病理分型与疾病的复发间差异无统计学意义（x2=2.695,P〉0.05）。结论：儿童霍奇金淋巴瘤预后相对较好,但Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期、合并B症状及大肿块或大纵隔肿瘤的患者复发率高,应依据疾病危险度分层治疗,以期更好的预后。     

沼泽瘦尾虫皮层纤毛器及其附属微管的观察

应用扫描电镜技术、荧光紫杉醇直接荧光标记显示了腹毛目纤毛虫沼泽瘦尾虫(Uroleptus limnetis)的细胞形态和皮层纤毛器的组成模式,以及皮层口围带、额腹横棘毛、左右缘棘毛等纤毛器微管和纤毛器附属微管的建构特征,可为进一步阐明瘦尾虫类纤毛虫的形态学及其系统发育研究提供基础资料。     

用生物素标记的寡核苷酸探针检测入淋巴组织和淋巴瘤内免疫球蛋白轻链mRNA

本文用生物素标记的κ和λ寡核苷酸探针,在原位杂交的基础上,检测了人淋巴组织,恶性淋巴瘤和浆细胞瘤内轻链 mRNA。结果显示扁桃体和淋巴结内κ和λ轻链 mRNA 主要分布在次级淋巴滤泡的生发中心和浆细胞内,帽状区阴性。初级淋巴滤泡虽然尚无明显生发中心,但也有 mRNA阳性细胞。κ和λ轻链 mRNA 阳性细胞在淋巴组织内混合存在。相反地,淋巴瘤和浆细胞瘤内 mRNA表达则是单一型的。瘤细胞内的 mRNA 含量较多,可能与 mRNA 复制速度增快有关。实践证明经过Formalin 固定和石蜡包埋的组织切片,mRNA 仍被保存,用检测系统四步法能够捕捉到被检 mRNA,而且是特异的。     

多西紫杉醇修饰的人工晶体与眼组织相容性分析

目的：探讨经多西紫杉醇修饰的人工晶体对眼组织相容性的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法将32 只日本大耳兔分为两组： 实验组通过手术植入表面经多西紫杉醇修饰处理后的疏水性人工晶体,对照组植入疏水性人工晶体。比较两组人工晶体亲水角、 术后24 小时光耀斑块计数以及人工晶体周围组织炎症浸润数。结果：实验组的亲水角小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 实验组光耀斑块计数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组家兔人工晶体周围组织炎症浸润计数低于对照组,差异有 统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：人工晶体表面经多西紫杉醇修饰后,其亲水性、与眼组织的组织相容性增加,且可缓解光耀斑炎症感 染和降低并发症的发生,有重要的临床参考价值。     

猴艾滋病急性期肠粘膜相关淋巴组织NK细胞表型及功能

目的研究猴艾滋病毒感染急性期恒河猴肠道相关淋巴组织（mucosal associated lymphoid tissues,MALTs）NK细胞亚群和功能变化。方法 SIV静脉感染恒河猴后,定期进行动物感染指标测定,并在感染后不同时间点取肠组织,分离派氏淋巴结单个核细胞（peyer＇s patch mononuclear cells,PPMC）和粘膜固有层单个核细胞（lamina propria mononuclear cells,LPMC）,进行T细胞和NK细胞表面抗体染色,流式分析。结果 SIV感染急性期MALTs CD56CD16＋NK细胞亚群比例增幅明显,同时细胞毒性功能增强;CD56-CD16-NK细胞亚群数量减少,功能无明显变化;CD56＋CD16＋和CD56＋CD16-NK细胞数量比例略有增加趋势,但免疫调节功能显著降低。结论SIV感染急性期恒河猴肠道MALTs中NK细胞脱颗粒作用增强,表型功能呈现出较强可塑性。该研究对探索艾滋病粘膜免疫机理、抗病毒治疗及药物研发具有参考意义。     

原发性小肠淋巴瘤6例临床分析并文献复习

目的：探讨原发性小肠淋巴瘤临床特点,诊断及治疗方法。方法：对1997—2012年确诊的6例原发性小肠淋巴瘤患者的临床资料进行临床分析,总结其临床特点,同时复习相关文献。结果：隐性失血、脐周隐痛、腹部肿物、隐匿消瘦是原发性小肠淋巴瘤的最常见表现,而以全身症状为主的很少。推进式小肠镜及胶囊内镜的应用对该病诊断有重要价值,但阳性率较低。MSCT和MRE对本病的诊断有重要辅助作用。本组患者病理结果均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,其中B细胞型4例,T细胞型2例,4例发生淋巴转移。6例患者中4例行手术切除治疗,2例行单纯化疗,2例死亡。结论：选择有效的检查手段,可提高小肠肿瘤的术前诊断,降低其误诊误治的发生率。手术切除是治疗该疾病的主要手段,采用手术后配合化疗及放疗的综合治疗可提高患者的生存率。     

放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤的诊断

目的:探讨放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤诊断的可行性。方法:选择哈尔滨医科大学第四临床医学院2007年5月～2010年7月诊断的结节性胃炎、疑诊胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤患者,观察临床、内镜、病理表现、幽门螺杆菌感染情况和根除治疗的效果。并应用日本FUJINON EG-590ZW型放大内镜对患者进行检查,观察根除幽门螺杆菌前后结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤的改变。结果:纳入分析的100例成人患者,男25例,女75例,年龄19～68岁,平均年龄39.2岁。主要临床表现为上腹痛和消化不良症状。内镜下表现为胃窦部为主,可扩展至胃体部的色泽均匀的结节样或颗粒样改变。病理检查显示胃窦部活检标本中有伴生发中心的淋巴滤泡增生。所有患者均有幽门螺杆菌感染,经根除治疗后,症状缓解率达92.0%。结论:结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤发生与幽门螺杆菌感染相关,放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎有诊断意义。     

原发性小肠淋巴瘤6例临床分析并文献复习

目的:探讨原发性小肠淋巴瘤临床特点,诊断及治疗方法。方法:对1997-2012年确诊的6例原发性小肠淋巴瘤患者的临床资料进行临床分析,总结其临床特点,同时复习相关文献。结果:隐性失血、脐周隐痛、腹部肿物、隐匿消瘦是原发性小肠淋巴瘤的最常见表现,而以全身症状为主的很少。推进式小肠镜及胶囊内镜的应用对该病诊断有重要价值,但阳性率较低。MSCT和MRE对本病的诊断有重要辅助作用。本组患者病理结果均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,其中B细胞型4例,T细胞型2例,4例发生淋巴转移。6例患者中4例行手术切除治疗,2例行单纯化疗,2例死亡。结论:选择有效的检查手段,可提高小肠肿瘤的术前诊断,降低其误诊误治的发生率。手术切除是治疗该疾病的主要手段,采用手术后配合化疗及放疗的综合治疗可提高患者的生存率。     

放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤的诊断

目的：探讨放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤诊断的可行性。方法：选择哈尔滨医科大学第四临床医学院2007年5月～2010年7月诊断的结节性胃炎、疑诊胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤患者,观察临床、内镜、病理表现、幽门螺杆菌感染情况和根除治疗的效果。并应用日本FUJINONEG-590ZW型放大内镜对患者进行检查,观察根除幽门螺杆菌前后结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤的改变。结果：纳入分析的100例成人患者,男25例,女75例,年龄19-68岁,平均年龄39．2岁。主要临床表现为上腹痛和消化不良症状。内镜下表现为胃窦部为主,可扩展至胃体部的色泽均匀的结节样或颗粒样改变。病理检查显示胃窦部活检标本中有伴生发中心的淋巴滤泡增生。所有患者均有幽门螺杆菌感染,经根除治疗后,症状缓解率达92．0％。结论：结节性胃炎、胃粘膜相关组织淋巴瘤发生与幽门螺杆菌感染相关,放大染色内镜对结节性胃炎有诊断意义。     

Clinical Features,Treatment and Outcome of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma of the Ocular Adnexa: Single Center Experience of 60 Patients

Background

Orbital marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (OAML) constitutes for the most frequent diagnosis in orbital lymphoma. Relatively little data, however, have been reported in larger cohorts of patients staged in a uniform way and no therapy standard exists to date.

Material and Methods

We have retrospectively analyzed 60 patients diagnosed and treated at our institution 1999–2012. Median age at diagnosis was 64 years (IQR 51–75) and follow-up time 43 months (IQR 16–92). All patients had undergone uniform extensive staging and histological diagnosis was made by a reference pathologist according to the WHO classification.

Results

The majority of patients presented with stage IE (n = 40/60, 67%), three had IIE/IIIE and the remaining 17 stage IVE. Seven patients with IVE had bilateral orbital disease whereas the others showed involvement of further organs. Treatment data were available in 58 patients. Local treatment with radiotherapy (14/58, 24%) or surgery (3/58, 5%) resulted in response in 82% of patients. A total of 26 patients (45%) received systemic treatment with a response rate of 85%. Nine patients received antibiotics as initial therapy; response rate was 38%. Watchful-waiting was the initial approach in 6/58 patients. In total 28/58 patients (48%) progressed and were given further therapy. Median time-to-progression in this cohort was 20 months (IQR 9–39). There was no difference in time-to-progression after first-line therapy between the different therapy arms (p = 0.14). Elevated beta-2-microglobulin, plasmacytic differentiation, autoimmune disorder and site of lymphoma were not associated with a higher risk for progress.

Conclusion

Our data underscore the excellent prognosis of OAML irrespective of initial therapy, as there was no significant difference in time-to-progression and response between local or systemic therapy. In the absence of randomized trials, the least toxic individual approach should be chosen for OAML.     

Clinicopathological Analysis of Ocular Adnexal Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma with IgG4-Positive Cells

This study aims to analyze clinical and pathologicalcharacteristics of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone B-celllymphoma (EMZL) accompanying IgG4-positive cells. Fifty patients with a diagnosis of primary non-conjunctival ocular adnexal EMZL were enrolled in this study. The number of IgG4-positive cells and the ratio of IgG/IgG4 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the biopsy specimens. The patients were divided into two groups based on the absolute number and the ratio of IgG4-positive cells (IgG4-posivite vs IgG4-negative groups). The demographic data, clinical staging at diagnosis, histopathological characteristics, and response to initial treatment were comparatively analyzed between the 2 groups. Five (10%) of 50 patients were defined as IgG4-positive group, and all the cases showed characteristic histological features such as extensive plasma cell infiltration and dense fibrosis. Most of these patients (4 of 5 patients) had lymphoma of the lacrimal gland. The patients from the IgG4-positive group showed a lower response rate to initial treatment (87.5 vs 33%, p = 0.03) than IgG4-negative group with a median follow-up period of 38 months. A part of the ocular adnexal EMZLs were accompanied with IgG4-positive cells. Significantly, most IgG4-positive ocular adnexal EMZLs occurred in the lacrimal gland, and can be related with a more frequent treatment failure.     

浆母细胞淋巴瘤的诊治进展

浆母细胞淋巴瘤是一种临床罕见、侵袭性极强的B细胞淋巴瘤,多发生在HIV感染的患者,也可见于HIV阴性的免疫功能正常或受抑的人群,常与EB病毒感染相关。由于其特殊的形态学及免疫表型特征、化疗耐药及复发率高的临床特点,诊断及治疗仍极具挑战性,总体预后极差。本文简要总结了PBL在流行病学、病理学特征、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后因素等方面的进展,期望为PBL的临床诊治提供帮助。     

Clinical Features and Treatment of Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Ocular toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the infection with Toxoplasma gondii through congenital or acquired routes. Once the parasite reaches the retina, it proliferates within host cells followed by rupture of the host cells and invasion into neighboring cells to make primary lesions. Sometimes the restricted parasite by the host immunity in the first scar is activated to infect another lesion nearby the scar. Blurred vision is the main complaint of ocular toxoplasmic patients and can be diagnosed by detection of antibodies or parasite DNA. Ocular toxoplasmosis needs therapy with several combinations of drugs to eliminate the parasite and accompanying inflammation; if not treated it sometimes leads to loss of vision. We describe here clinical features and currently available chemotherapy of ocular toxoplasmosis.     

Phylogeny of Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Gastrointestinal (GI) tracts from four anuran and four urodelespecies were examined macroscopically and histologically fromthe esophagus to the cloaca. Anatomic observations were facilitatedby treating the GI tracts with acetic acid, a procedure whichremoves gut epithelium and exposes underlying structures. Histologicanalysis involved routine as well as specific histochemicaltechniques. Detailed observations reveal that anuran amphibianspossess nodular, well-organized gut-associated lymphoid tissue(GALT) throughout their GI tracts. In striking contrast, nosuch patterns of lymphoid tissue have been noted in the Urodela. Similar techniques have revealed the location of lymphoid tissuesin the urogenital system (e.g., cloaca and bladder) of advancedanurans. These nodules appear to be lacking in the primitiveanuran Xenopus and in all the urodele species we examined. Preliminary observations have confirmed GALT and urogenital-associatedlymphoid tissues in the snapping turtle.     

23例输尿管子宫内膜异位症患者诊断和治疗的临床分析

目的:总结23例输尿管子宫内膜异位症患者的临床诊断和治疗经验.方法:回顾性分析23例病理证实为输尿管子宫内膜异位症患者的临床诊治以及术后随访资料,并对结果进行对比分析.结果:23例患者均接受了超声检查,其中21例接受了静脉肾盂造影检查,11例接受了逆行肾盂造影检查,16例接受了CT检查,8例接受了MRI检查;23例均行手术治疗,其中3例接受了输尿管粘连松解术治疗,6例接受了输尿管狭窄段切除+输尿管膀胱再吻合术治疗,12例接受了输尿管狭窄段切除+输尿管端端吻合术治疗,2例接受了输尿管内镜下子宫内膜异位病损电灼术治疗.23例患者均为单侧发病,左侧14例,右侧9例.术后病理检查证实为子宫内膜异位症,异位病灶均位于输尿管下段.结论:输尿管子宫内膜异位症是一种泌尿外科罕见的疾病,早期诊断难度较大,影像学检查在输尿管子宫内膜异位症的诊断中起着重要作用.对于轻度的输尿管梗阻患者,推荐行输尿管粘连松解术治疗;对于中、重度输尿管梗阻患者,推荐行输尿管狭窄段切除术治疗;对于病变程度严重的病例,推荐术后应用激素类药物治疗降低术后的复发率.