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1.
《热带亚热带植物学报》2018,(3)
报道了中国菊科的新归化属种:点叶菊属(Porophyllum Guettard)点叶菊([P.ruderale(Jacquin)Cassini]。点叶菊属原产于美洲,这是本属植物在我国境内归化的首次记录。该种在许多地方表现出入侵性,建议加强动态监测。 相似文献
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近年甘肃省河西走廊一带胡萝卜上发生一种叶斑病,严重时造成减产20%~30%。其病原物为丝分孢子真菌(半知菌)腔孢纲Coelomycetes中一未描述的真菌。该菌具有分生孢子器,但其形态与相似属茎点霉属Phoma、鞘茎点霉属Coleophoma和拟腊肠茎点霉属Allantophomopsis不同,遂建立类腊肠茎点霉属Allantophomoides(新属);其模式种为胡萝卜类腊肠茎点霉Allantophomoidescarotae(新种)。研究的标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。 相似文献
3.
腔孢纲一新属--类腊肠茎点霉属 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年甘肃省河西走廊一带胡萝卜上发生一种叶斑病,严重时造成减产20%~30%.其病原物为丝分孢子真菌(半知菌)腔孢纲Coelomycetes中一未描述的真菌.该菌具有分生孢子器,但其形态与相似属茎点霉属Phoma、鞘茎点霉属Coleophoma和拟腊肠茎点霉属Allantophomopsis不同,遂建立类腊肠茎点霉属Allantophomoides(新属);其模式种为胡萝卜类腊肠茎点霉Allantophomoides
carotae(新种).研究的标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP). 相似文献
4.
腔孢纲—新属——类腊肠茎点霉属 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年甘肃省河西走廊一带胡萝卜上发生一种叶斑病,严重时造成减产20%-30%。其病原物为丝分孢子真菌(半知菌)腔孢纲Coelomycetes中一未描述的真菌。该菌具有分生孢子器,但其形态与相似属茎点霉属Phoma、鞘茎点霉属Coleophoma和拟腊肠茎点霉属Allantophomopsis不同,遂建立类腊肠茎点霉Allantophomoides(新属);其模式种为胡萝卜类腊肠茎点霉Allantophomoides carotae(新种)。研究的标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。 相似文献
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线叶菊草地总地上生物量的增长规律符合Logistic增长,最大值出现在8月中旬,为198.15g/m2。返青后,线叶菊较同群落内的禾草和杂类草提前达到其生物量最大值。线叶菊、禾草和杂类草的地上生物量的增长与降水量和≥5℃积温呈显著或极显著正相关。地下生物量的季节变化曲线大致为“U”字形,最低值出现在8月中旬,而在早春和秋末时期地下生物量基本相等。地下生物量最大值出现在10月中旬,为1608.5g/m2(干物质)。该草地地上部分净第一性生产力为256.74gm2·a,地下部分为599.51g/m2·a(干物重计)。将生长季内以凋落物形式损失的生物量计算在内,得到的地上净第一性生产力比用极大现存量法估测的结果高出29.57%。 相似文献
6.
瓜叶菊是拥有多种花色品种资源的观赏植物,同时具有蓝色、斑色等观赏植物中稀缺的花色表型,不同花色品种具有多种花青素代谢途径,解析其花色性状形成的分子机制能够为观赏植物的分子育种提供理论依据,其中鉴定的关键基因能够为蓝色花新品种培育提供宝贵的基因资源。在对瓜叶菊多年研究的基础上,本文从瓜叶菊特殊的花青素结构、花青素生物合成调控途径及其花色研究的主要技术手段方面,综述了近20年来瓜叶菊花色研究的进展,具体内容包括:(1)瓜叶菊不同色系呈色的色素基础,尤其是蓝色花品种中特殊的多聚酰化色素结构;(2)多聚酰化修饰相关糖基化、酰基化修饰的瓜叶菊花青素代谢途径的基因,以及调控花色、花斑形成的MYB、MADS-box等转录因子的功能;(3)瓜叶菊中进行花色研究相关的高效遗传转化体系和病毒介导的基因沉默(VIGS,virus-induced gene silencing)体系,及其在花色研究中的研究进展。本文旨在为后续瓜叶菊及其他花卉花色研究和分子育种提供参考。 相似文献
7.
木兰属(Magnolia)系统发育探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在传统的形态解剖基础上 ,结合木兰科 (Magnoliaceae)种子内种皮合点区呈孔状或管状的新的分类依据 ,探讨了木兰属 (Magnolia)的系统发育 ,并提出了木兰属内可能的演化途径。 相似文献
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该文报道了广西维管植物5个新记录属和种,即双角草属(Diodia L.)、伏金腰箭属(Calyptocarpus Less.)、兔儿伞属(Syneilesis Maxim.)、凤头黍属(Acroceras Stapf)和落芒草属(Piptatherum P. Beauv.),以及隶属于该5属的双角草(Diodia virginiana L.)、金腰箭舅(Calyptocarpus vialis Less.)、兔儿伞[Syneilesis aconitifolia(Bunge) Maxim.]、山鸡谷草[Acroceras tonkinense(Balansa) C. E. Hubbard ex Bor]和钝颖落芒草(Piptatherum kuoi S. M. Phillips&Z. L. Wu)。其中双角草和金腰箭舅为归化种,文中提供了2个新归化种的形态描述和照片,并对其入侵性给予了评估;兔儿伞、山鸡谷草和钝颖落芒草为本土植物,提供了其特征集要描述和照片,并对其生物地理学意义进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Molecular phylogeny of the genus Stereocaulon (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized ascomycetes) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Filip Hgnabba 《Mycological Research》2006,110(9):1080-1092
In the present study phylogenetic relationships of the genus Stereocaulon (lichenized ascomycetes) were examined using DNA sequences from the ITS1–5.8 S–ITS2 rDNA gene cluster and from the protein-coding β-tubulin gene. In addition to the fruticose species traditionally classified in Stereocaulon, representatives of the crustose species that have recently been transferred to the genus were included. Muhria, a monotypic genus that is morphologically similar to Stereocaulon, differing only in apothecia ontogeny, was also incorporated. The analyses included 101 specimens from the ingroup representing 49 taxa. Sequences from both DNA regions were analysed simultaneously using direct optimization under the parsimony optimality criterion. The results support the inclusion of the crustose species and Muhria in Stereocaulon, while the current infrageneric classification is not supported. As Muhria is securely nested within Stereocaulon the new combination Stereocaulon urceolatum comb. nov. (syn. Muhria urceolata) is made. Further, species concepts need to be re-examined, as some species do not appear as monophyletic entities in the phylogeny. 相似文献
13.
Pseudocercospora cyatheae C. Nakash. & S. Inaba on Cyathea sp. as a new species is described. Three species belonging to the genus Cercospora and allied genera are newly added to the mycoflora of Japan. They are Cercospora armoraciae on Armoracia rusticana, Passalora passaloroides on Amorpha fruticosa, and Pseudocercospora nogalesii on Cytisus scoparius. 相似文献
14.
Dumbacher JP Deiner K Thompson L Fleischer RC 《Molecular phylogenetics and evolution》2008,49(3):774-781
Bird species in the avian genus Pitohui contain potent neurotoxic alkaloids that may be used for defense. The genus comprises multiple species that are endemic to New Guinea and were presumed to belong to the family Pachycephalidae or Colluricinclidae, within the core corvoidea, an ancient Australasian radiation of crow-like birds. In order to understand the evolution of toxicity within the genus Pitohui, we sequenced three mitochondrial and two nuclear gene segments and reconstructed a phylogeny of the genus Pitohui and its putative relatives. We show that the genus Pitohui is polyphyletic, and consists of five different lineages. Using Bayesian ancestral state reconstruction, we estimate that toxicity likely evolved multiple times within this group. Furthermore, because the morphological and behavioral similarity among these poisonous birds appears to have evolved convergently, we hypothesize that this may be a possible example of Müllerian mimicry in birds. The Morningbird of Palau, Micronesia, that has often been included in the genus Pitohui, actually belongs in the genus Pachycephala and offers an intriguing case of pronounced evolution on a remote oceanic island. 相似文献
15.
Figueras MJ Levican A Collado L Inza MI Yustes C 《Systematic and applied microbiology》2011,34(6):414-418
As part of a study carried out for detecting Arcobacter spp. in shellfish, three mussel isolates that were Gram-negative slightly curved rods, non-spore forming, showed a new 16S rDNA-RFLP pattern with a specific identification method for the species of this genus. Sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and those of the housekeeping genes rpoB, gyrB and hsp60 provided evidence that these mussel strains belonged to an unknown genetic lineage within the genus Arcobacter. The similarity between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the representative strain (F79-6T) and type strains of the other Arcobacter species ranged between 94.1% with A. halophilus and 99.1% with the recently proposed species A. defluvii (CECT 7697T). DDH results between strain F79-6T and the type strain of the latter species were below 70% (53 ± 3.0%). Phenotypic characteristics together with MALDITOF mass spectra differentiated the new mussel strains from all other Arcobacter species. All the results indicate that these strains represent a new species, for which the name Arcobacter ellisii sp. nov. with the type strain F79-6T (=CECT 7837T = LMG 26155T) is proposed. 相似文献
16.
Alexandre M. Fuentefria Sung-Oui Suh Melissa F. Landell Josiane Faganello Augusto Schrank Marilene H. Vainstein Meredith Blackwell Patrícia Valente 《Mycological Research》2008,112(1):93-99
Three killer yeasts, isolated from the gut of insects in Panama and artisanal cheese in Brazil, were shown to be related to the Ovoides clade of the genus Trichosporon. Sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the LSU rDNA and physiological characterization revealed a distinct taxonomic position in relation to known species of the genus. Conspecificity of the three killer isolates was reinforced by similar M13 fingerprinting and killer profiles. We propose a new species in this genus: Trichosporon insectorum. The type strain is CBS 10422T (syn. NRRL Y-48120). This anamorphic species produces arthroconidia but not appressoria, and its killer character seems to be associated with dsRNA. 相似文献
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报道了中国黄枝衣科(Teloschistaceae)的一中国新记录属粉黄衣属(新拟)(Xanthomendoza)和一中国新记录种漫粉黄衣(新拟)(Xanthomendoza ulophyllodes)及石黄衣属(Xanthoria)的一新记录种裂芽黄衣(新拟)(Xanthoria calcicola)。对漫粉黄衣的ITS序列进行了测定和系统发育分析,并对相关类群的形态和分子数据进行了讨论。对2新记录种的形态特征、生境与分布进行了详细描述,并提供了形态特征图。 相似文献
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The new genus and species Teracosphaeria petroica is described for a perithecial ascomycete and its anamorph occurring on decayed wood collected in New Zealand. The fungus produces immersed, non-stromatic ceratosphaeria-like perithecia in nature, with hyaline, septate ascospores produced in unitunicate, non-amyloid asci. The anamorph produced in vitro is phialophora-like with lightly pigmented phialides terminating in flaring, deep collarettes that are often noticeably brown with conspicuous periclinal thickening. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU rDNA sequence data indicates that this fungus is distinct from morphologically similar fungi classified in the Chaetosphaeriales, the Trichosphaeriales or the Magnaporthaceae. It forms a monophyletic group with recently described, chaetosphaeria-like ascomycetes, such as the pyrenomycete genus Mirannulata, and shows affinity with the anamorphic species Dictyochaeta cylindrospora. The usefulness of describing anamorph genera for morphologically reduced anamorphs, when anamorph characteristics are actually part of the holomorph diagnosis, is discussed. An apparently contradictory example of the so-called Cordana and Pseudobotrytis anamorphs of Porosphaerella spp. is also discussed. 相似文献
19.
摘要:本文报道了中国横断山地区石蕊属地衣12种,其中新种1个:贡嘎石蕊(Cladonia ngganensis S.Y. Guo & Wei),中国新记录11种:类黄粉石蕊(Cl. bacilliformis),比蒙氏石(Cl. beaumontii),小棍棒石蕊(Cl. clavulifera),圆筒石蕊(Cl. cylindrica),具粉石蕊(Cl. farinacea),北海道石蕊(Cl. hokkaidensis),厚叶石蕊(Cl. incrassata),大叶石蕊(Cl. macrophylla),丛杯石蕊( Cl. mateocyatha),多孔石蕊(Cl. multiformis)和亚石蕊(Cl. subrangiformis)。对于每一种的化学成分及地理分布进行了测定和分析。 相似文献
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A molecular phylogeny of Hebeloma species from Europe 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Herbert Boyle Bettina Zimdars Carsten Renker Franois Buscot 《Mycological Research》2006,110(4):369-380
In order to widen the scope of existing phylogenies of the ectomycorrhizal agaric genus Hebeloma a total of 53 new rDNA ITS sequences from that genus was generated, augmented by sequences retrieved from GenBank, and analysed using Bayesian, strict consensus and neighbour joining methods. The lignicolous Hebelomina neerlandica, Gymnopilus penetrans, and two species of Galerina served as outgroup taxa. Anamika indica, as well as representatives of the genera Hymenogaster and Naucoria, were included to test the monophyly of Hebeloma, which is confirmed by the results. Hebeloma, Naucoria, Hymenogaster and Anamika indica cluster in a strongly supported monophyletic hebelomatoid clade. All trees largely reflect the current infrageneric classification within Hebeloma, and divide the genus into mostly well-supported monophyletic groups surrounding H. crustuliniforme, H. velutipes, H. sacchariolens, H. sinapizans, and H. radicosum, with H. sarcophyllum being shown at an independent position; however this is not well supported. The section Indusiata divides with strong support into three groups, the position of the pleurocystidiate Hebeloma cistophilum suggests the possible existence of a third subsection within sect. Indusiata. Subsection Sacchariolentia is raised to the rank of section. 相似文献