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1.
Identification and validation of a major QTL conferring crown rot resistance in hexaploid wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Ma H. B. Li C. Y. Zhang X. M. Yang Y. X. Liu G. J. Yan C. J. Liu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(6):1119-1128
Crown rot (CR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a chronic wheat disease in Australia. As part of our objective of improving the efficiency of breeding CR resistant
wheat varieties, we have been searching for novel sources of resistance. This paper reports on the genetic control of one
of these newly identified resistant genotypes, ‘CSCR6’. A population derived from a cross between CSCR6 and an Australian
variety ‘Lang’ was analyzed using two Fusarium isolates belonging to two different species, one Fusarium pseudograminearum and the other Fusarium graminearum. The two isolates detected QTL with the same chromosomal locations and comparable magnitudes, indicating that CR resistance
is not species-specific. The resistant allele of one of the QTL was derived from ‘CSCR6’. This QTL, designated as Qcrs.cpi-3B, was located on the long arm of chromosome 3B and explains up to 48.8% of the phenotypic variance based on interval mapping
analysis. Another QTL, with resistant allele from the variety ‘Lang’, was located on chromosome 4B. This QTL explained up
to 22.8% of the phenotypic variance. A strong interaction between Qcsr.cpi-3B and Qcsr.cpi-4B was detected, reducing the maximum effect of Qcrs.cpi-3B to 43.1%. The effects of Qcrs.cpi-3B were further validated in four additional populations and the presence of this single QTL reduced CR severity by up to 42.1%.
The fact that significant effects of Qcrs.cpi-3B were detected across all trials with different genetic backgrounds and with the use of isolates belonging to two different
Fusarium species make it an ideal target for breeding programs as well as for further characterization of the gene(s) involved in
its resistance. 相似文献
2.
G. D. Chen Y. X. Liu Y. M. Wei C. L. McIntyre M. X. Zhou Y.-L. Zheng C. J. Liu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(10):2511-2520
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a serious cereal disease in semi-arid regions worldwide. In assisting the effort of breeding cultivars with enhanced resistance, we identified several barley genotypes with high levels of FCR resistance. One of these genotypes, AWCS079 which is a barley landrace originating from Japan, was investigated by developing and assessing three populations of recombinant inbred lines. Two QTL, one located on the long arm of chromosome 1H (designated as Qcrs.cpi-1H) and the other on 3HL (designated as Qcrs.cpi-3H), were found to be responsible for the FCR resistance of this genotype. Qcrs.cpi-1H is novel as no other FCR loci have been reported on this chromosome arm. Qcrs.cpi-3H co-located with a reduced height (Rht) locus and the effectiveness of the former was significantly affected by the latter. The total phenotypic variance explained by these two QTL was over 60 %. Significant effects were detected for each of the QTL in each of the three populations assessed. The existence of these loci with major effects should not only facilitate breeding and exploitation of FCR-resistant barley cultivars but also their further characterization based on fine mapping and map-based gene cloning. 相似文献
3.
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is one of the most damaging cereal diseases in semi-arid regions worldwide. The genetics of FCR resistance in the bread wheat (Triticum eastivum L.) variety EGA Wylie, the most resistant commercial variety available, was studied by QTL mapping. Three populations of recombinant inbred lines were developed with this elite variety as the resistant parent. Four QTL conferring FCR resistance were detected and resistance alleles of all of them were derived from the resistant parent EGA Wylie. One of these loci was located on the short arm of chromosome 5D (designated as Qcrs.cpi-5D). This QTL explains up to 31.1% of the phenotypic variance with an LOD value of 9.6. The second locus was located on the long arm of chromosome 2D (designated as Qcrs.cpi-2D) and explained up to 20.2% of the phenotypic variance with an LOD value of 4.5. Significant effects of both Qcrs.cpi-5D and Qcrs.cpi-2D were detected in each of the three populations assessed. Another two QTL (designated as Qcrs.cpi-4B.1 and Qcrs.cpi-4B.2, respectively) were located on the short arm of chromosome 4B. These two QTL explained up to 16.9% and 18.8% of phenotypic variance, respectively. However, significant effects of Qcrs.cpi-4B.1 and Qcrs.cpi-4B.2 were not detected when the effects of plant height was accounted for by covariance analysis. The elite characteristics of this commercial variety should facilitate the incorporation of the resistance loci it contains into breeding programs. 相似文献
4.
Guangdeng Chen Yaxi Liu Jun Ma Zhi Zheng Yuming Wei C. Lynne McIntyre You-Liang Zheng Chunji Liu 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a destructive disease of cereal crops in semiarid regions worldwide. As part of our contribution to the development of Fusarium resistant cultivars, we identified several novel sources of resistance by systematically assessing barley genotypes representing different geographical origins and plant types. One of these sources of resistance was investigated in this study by generating and analysing two populations of recombinant inbred lines. A major locus conferring FCR resistance, designated as Qcrs.cpi-4H, was detected in one of the populations (mapping population) and the effects of the QTL was confirmed in the other population. The QTL was mapped to the distal end of chromosome arm 4HL and it is effective against both of the Fusarium isolates tested, one F. pseudograminearum and the other F. graminearum. The QTL explains up to 45.3% of the phenotypic variance. As distinct from an earlier report which demonstrated co-locations of loci conferring FCR resistance and plant height in barley, a correlation between these two traits was not detected in the mapping population. However, as observed in a screen of random genotypes, an association between FCR resistance and plant growth rate was detected and a QTL controlling the latter was detected near the Qcrs.cpi-4H locus in the mapping population. Existing data indicate that, although growth rate may affect FCR resistance, different genes at this locus are likely involved in controlling these two traits. 相似文献
5.
Prashant G. Golegaonkar Colin R. Wellings Davinder Singh Robert F. Park 《Journal of applied genetics》2013,54(1):1-9
Seedlings of 62 Australian barley cultivars and two exotic barley genotypes were assessed for resistance to a variant of Puccinia striiformis, referred to as “Barley Grass Stripe Rust” (BGYR), first detected in Australia in 1998, which is capable of infecting wild Hordeum species and some genotypes of cultivated barley. Fifty-three out of 62 cultivated barley cultivars tested were resistant to the pathogen. Genetic analyses of seedling resistance to BGYR in six Australian barley cultivars and one Algerian barley landrace indicated that they carried either one or two major resistance genes to the pathogen. A single recessive seedling resistance gene, rpsSa3771, identified in Sahara 3771, was located on the long arm of chromosome 1 (7 H), flanked by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers Xwg420 and Xcdo347 at genetic distances of 12.8 and 21.9 cM, respectively. Mapping resistance to BGYR at adult plant growth stages using the doubled haploid (DH) population Clipper × Sahara 3771 identified two major quantitative trait loci (QTL), one on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3 H) and the second on the long arm of chromosome 1 (7 H), accounting for 26 % and 18 % of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. The QTL located on chromosome 7HL corresponded to seedling resistance gene rpsSa3771 and the second QTL was concluded to correspond to a single APR gene, designated rpsCl, contributed by cultivar Clipper. 相似文献
6.
Tajinder S. Grewal Brian G. Rossnagel Graham J. Scoles 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,30(1):267-279
Spot blotch and net blotch are important foliar barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) diseases in Canada and elsewhere. These diseases result in significant yield reduction and, more importantly, loss of grain quality, downgrading barley from malt to feed. Combining resistance to these diseases is a breeding priority but is a significant challenge using conventional breeding methodology. In the present investigation, an evaluation of the inheritance of resistance to spot and net blotch was conducted in a doubled-haploid barley population from the cross CDC Bold (susceptible)?×?TR251 (resistant). The population was screened at the seedling stage in the Phytotron and at the adult-plant stage in the field for several years. Chi-squared analysis indicated one- to four-gene segregation depending on disease, isolate, plant development stage, location and year. A major seedling and adult-plant resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL), designated QRpt6, was re-confirmed for net-form net blotch resistance, explaining 32?C61% of phenotypic variation in different experiments. Additional QTL for seedling and adult-plant resistance to net blotch were identified. For spot blotch resistance, a major seedling resistance QTL (QRcss1) was detected on chromosome 1H for isolate WRS1909, explaining 79% of the phenotypic variation. A highly significant QTL on 3H (QRcs3) was identified for seedling resistance to isolate WRS1908 and adult-plant resistance at Brandon, MB, Canada in 2008. The identification of QTL at only one location or from 1?year suggests spot blotch resistance is complex and highly influenced by the environment. Efforts are being made to combine spot and net blotch resistance in elite barley lines using molecular marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
7.
Identification and molecular mapping of PdR1, a primary resistance gene to Pierce’s disease in Vitis
Krivanek AF Riaz S Walker MA 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(6):1125-1131
A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling resistance to Pierce’s disease (PD) of grape, caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), was identified on a Vitis linkage map and denoted as ‘Pierce’s disease resistance 1’ (PdR1). Placement of the locus was accomplished by evaluating a family of full-sib progeny from a cross of two PD-resistant interspecific
hybrids with resistance inherited from Vitis arizonica. Resistance was measured under greenhouse conditions by direct quantification of Xf numbers in stem tissues as well as by
evaluation of disease symptoms based on leaf scorch and a cane maturation index (CMI). A large QTL (LOD 17.2) accounting for
72% of the phenotypic variance in bacterial numbers was localized to linkage group 14 of the male parent F8909-17. The approximate
95% confidence interval around the QTL peak extended 5.7 cM when using composite interval mapping. The other disease evaluation
methods (leaf scorch and CMI, respectively) placed the resistance QTL to the same region on linkage group 14, although at
wider 95% confidence intervals (6.0 and 7.5 cM), lower peak LOD scores (11.9 and 7.7) and accounting for less phenotypic variance
(59 and 42%). This is the first report of an Xf resistance QTL mapped in any crop species. The relevance of the markers located
in the region spanning the QTL will be discussed, addressing their usefulness for the development of PD-resistant grape cultivars. 相似文献
8.
Jessica Bovill Anke Lehmensiek Mark W. Sutherland Greg J. Platz Terry Usher Jerome Franckowiak Emma Mace 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2010,26(4):653-666
Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus) is the fungal pathogen responsible for spot blotch in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and occurs worldwide in warmer, humid growing conditions. Current Australian barley varieties are largely susceptible
to this disease and attempts are being made to introduce sources of resistance from North America. In this study we have compared
chromosomal locations of spot blotch resistance reactions in four North American two-rowed barley lines; the North Dakota
lines ND11231-12 and ND11231-11 and the Canadian lines TR251 and WPG8412-9-2-1. Diversity arrays technology-based PCR, expressed
sequence tag and SSR markers have been mapped across four populations derived from crosses between susceptible parental lines
and these four resistant parents to determine the location of resistance loci. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring resistance
to spot blotch in adult plants (APR) were detected on chromosomes 3HS and 7HS. In contrast, seedling resistance (SLR) was
controlled solely by a locus on chromosome 7HS. The phenotypic variance explained by the APR QTL on 3HS was between 16 and
25% and the phenotypic variance explained by the 7HS APR QTL was between 8 and 42% across the four populations. The SLR QTL
on 7HS explained between 52 and 64% of the phenotypic variance. An examination of the pedigrees of these resistance sources
supports the common identity of resistance in these lines and indicates that only a limited number of major resistance loci
are available in current two-rowed germplasm. 相似文献
9.
Silvar C Perovic D Scholz U Casas AM Igartua E Ordon F 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(1):49-62
The intervals containing two major quantitative trait loci (QTL) from a Spanish barley landrace conferring broad spectrum
resistance to Blumeria graminis were subjected to marker saturation. First, all the available information on recently developed marker resources for barley
was exploited. Then, a comparative genomic analysis of the QTL regions with other sequenced grass model species was performed.
As a result of the first step, 32 new markers were added to the previous map and new flanking markers closer to both QTL were
identified. Next, syntenic integration revealed that the barley target regions showed homology with regions on chromosome
6 of rice (Oryza sativa), chromosome 10 of Sorghum bicolor and chromosome 1 of Brachypodium distachyon. A nested insertion of ancestral syntenic blocks on Brachypodium chromosome 1 was confirmed. Based on sequence information
of the most likely candidate orthologous genes, 23 new barley unigene-derived markers were developed and mapped within the
barley target regions. The assessment of colinearity revealed an inversion on chromosome 7HL of barley compared to the other
three grass species, and nearly perfect colinearity on chromosome 7HS. This two-step marker enrichment allowed for the refinement
of the two QTL into much smaller intervals. Inspection of all predicted proteins for the barley unigenes identified within
the QTL intervals did not reveal the presence of resistance gene candidates. This study demonstrates the usefulness of sequenced
genomes for fine mapping and paves the way for the use of these two loci in barley breeding programs. 相似文献
10.
Wenchun Zhou Frederic L Kolb Jianbin Yu Guihua Bai Larry K Boze Leslie L Domier 《Génome》2004,47(6):1137-1143
Molecular mapping of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted selection of these QTL will aid in the development of resistant cultivars. Most reported FHB resistance QTL are from 'Sumai 3' and its derivatives. 'Wangshuibai' is a FHB-resistant landrace that originated from China and is not known to be related to 'Sumai 3'. A mapping population of 139 F(5:6) recombinant inbred lines was developed from a cross of 'Wangshuibai' and 'Wheaton'. This population was developed to map the FHB-resistant QTL in 'Wangshuibai' and was evaluated twice for Type II FHB resistance. A total of 1196 simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were screened on this population, and four FHB resistance QTL were detected. A major QTL near the end of 3BS explained 37.3% of the phenotypic variation. Another QTL on 3BS, located close to the centromere, explained 7.4% of the phenotypic variation. Two additional QTL on 7AL and 1BL explained 9.8% and 11.9% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. The simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers closely linked to these QTL may be useful for stacking QTL from 'Wangshuibai' and other sources to develop cultivars with transgressive FHB resistance. 相似文献
11.
Association mapping of stem rust race TTKSK resistance in US barley breeding germplasm 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. Zhou B. J. Steffenson Gary Muehlbauer Ruth Wanyera Peter Njau Sylvester Ndeda 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(6):1293-1304
Key message
Loci conferring resistance to the highly virulent African stem rust race TTKSK were identified in advanced barley breeding germplasm and positioned to chromosomes 5H and 7H using an association mapping approach.Abstract
African races of the stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) are a serious threat to barley production worldwide because of their wide virulence. To discover and characterize resistance to African stem rust race TTKSK in US barley breeding germplasm, over 3,000 lines/cultivars were assessed for resistance at the seedling stage in the greenhouse and also the adult plant stage in the field in Kenya. Only 12 (0.3 %) and 64 (2.1 %) lines exhibited a resistance level comparable to the resistant control at the seedling and adult plant stage, respectively. To map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to race TTKSK, an association mapping approach was conducted, utilizing 3,072 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. At the seedling stage, two neighboring SNP markers (0.8 cM apart) on chromosome 7H (11_21491 and 12_30528) were found significantly associated with resistance. The most significant one found was 12_30528; thus, the resistance QTL was named Rpg-qtl-7H-12_30528. At the adult plant stage, two SNP markers on chromosome 5H (11_11355 and 12_31427) were found significantly associated with resistance. This resistance QTL was named Rpg-qtl-5H-11_11355 for the most significant marker identified. Adult plant resistance is of paramount importance for stem rust. The marker associated with Rpg-qtl-5H-11_11355 for adult plant resistance explained only a small portion of the phenotypic variation (0.02); however, this QTL reduced disease severity up to 55.0 % under low disease pressure and up to 21.1 % under heavy disease pressure. SNP marker 11_11355 will be valuable for marker-assisted selection of adult plant stem rust resistance in barley breeding. 相似文献12.
《Journal of Plant Interactions》2013,8(4):290-300
Abstract The genetic basis of resistance to soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV) in the Triticum turgidum L. var. durum cv. Neodur was analyzed in this study, using a linkage mapping approach. We performed phenotypic and molecular analyses of 146 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross Cirillo (highly susceptible)×Neodur (highly resistant). A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) that explained up to 87% of the observed variability for symptom severity was identified on the short arm of chromosome 2B, within the 40-cM interval between the markers Xwmc764 and Xgwm1128, with wPt-2106 as the peak marker. Three minor QTLs were found on chromosomes 3B and 7B. Two markers coding for resistance proteins co-segregate with the major QTL on chromosome 2B and the minor QTL on chromosome 3B, representing potential candidate genes for the two resistance loci. Microsatellite markers flanking the major QTL were evaluated on a set of 25 durum wheat genotypes that were previously characterized for SBCMV resistance. The allelic composition of the genotypes at these loci, together with pedigree data, suggests that the old Italian cultivar Cappelli provided the SBCMV-resistance determinants to durum cultivars that have been independently bred in different countries over the last century. 相似文献
13.
B. J. Steffenson P. M. Hayes A. Kleinhofs 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1996,92(5):552-558
Net blotch (caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres) and spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus) are important foliar diseases of barley in the midwestern region of the USA. To determine the number and chromosomal location of Mendelian and quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to these diseases, a doubled haploid population (Steptoe/Morex) was evaluated to the pathogens at the seedling stage in the greenhouse and at the adult plant stage in the field. Alleles at two or three unlinked loci were found to confer resistance to the net blotch pathogen at the seedling stage depending on how progeny exhibiting an intermediate infection response were classified. This result was corroborated in the quantitative analysis of the raw infection response data as 2 major QTL were identified on chromosomes 4 and 6M. A third QTL was also identified on chromosome 6P. Seven QTL were identified for net blotch resistance at the adult plant stage and mapped to chromosomes 1P, 2P, 3P, 3M, 4, 6P, and 7P. The 7 QTL collectively accounted for 67.6% of the phenotypic variance under a multiple QTL model. Resistance to the spot blotch pathogen was conferred by a single gene at the seedling stage. This gene was mapped to the distal region of chromosome 1P on the basis of both qualitative and quantitative data analyses. Two QTL were identified for spot blotch resistance at the adult plant stage: the largest QTL effect mapped to chromosome 5P and the other mapped to chromosome 1P near the seedling resistance locus. Together, the 2 QTL explained 70.1% of the phenotypic variance under a multiple QTL model. On the basis of the chromosomal locations of resistance alleles detected in this study, it should be feasible to combine high levels of resistance to both P. teres f. teres and C. sativus in barley cultivars. 相似文献
14.
A major QTL controlling seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance on chromosome 4A in a Chinese wheat landrace 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cui-Xia Chen Shi-Bin Cai Gui-Hua Bai 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2008,21(3):351-358
Wheat pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) can cause significant reduction in yield and end-use quality of wheat grains in many wheat-growing
areas worldwide. To identify a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for PHS resistance in wheat, seed dormancy and sprouting of
matured spikes were investigated in a population of 162 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the white
PHS-resistant Chinese landrace Totoumai A and the white PHS-susceptible cultivar Siyang 936. Following screening of 1,125
SSR primers, 236 were found to be polymorphic between parents, and were used to screen the mapping population. Both seed dormancy
and PHS of matured spikes were evaluated by the percentage of germinated kernels under controlled moist conditions. Twelve
SSR markers associated with both PHS and seed dormancy were located on the long arm of chromosome 4A. One QTL for both seed
dormancy and PHS resistance was detected on chromosome 4AL. Two SSR markers, Xbarc 170 and Xgwm 397, are 9.14 cM apart, and flanked the QTL that explained 28.3% of the phenotypic variation for seed dormancy and 30.6% for
PHS resistance. This QTL most likely contributed to both long seed dormancy period and enhanced PHS resistance. Therefore,
this QTL is most likely responsible for both seed dormancy and PHS resistance. The SSR markers linked to the QTL can be used
for marker-assisted selection of PHS-resistant white wheat cultivars.
Shi-Bin Cai and Cui-Xia Chen contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
15.
Bilgic H Steffenson BJ Hayes PM 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,111(7):1238-1250
Spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, is an important disease of barley in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. The resistance of six-rowed malting
cultivars like Morex has remained effective for over 40 years and is considered durable. Previous research on Steptoe/Morex
(S/M), a 6×6-rowed doubled haploid (DH) population, showed that seedling resistance is controlled by a single gene (Rcs5) on chromosome 1(7H) and adult plant resistance by two quantitative trait loci (QTL): one of the major effect on chromosome
5(1H) explaining 62% of the phenotypic variance and a second of minor effect on chromosome 1(7H) explaining 9% of the phenotypic
variance. To corroborate these results in a 2×6-rowed DH population, composite interval mapping (CIM) was performed on Harrington/Morex
(H/M). As in the S/M population, a single major gene (presumably Rcs5) on chromosome 1(7H) conferred resistance at the seedling stage. However, at the adult plant stage, the results were markedly
different as no chromosome 5(1H) effect whatsoever was detected. Instead, a QTL at or near Rcs5 on chromosome 1(7H) explained nearly all of the phenotypic variance (75%) for disease severity. To determine whether this
result might be due to the genetic background of the two-rowed susceptible parent Harrington, we analyzed another DH population
that included the same resistance donor (Morex) and another six-rowed susceptible cultivar Dicktoo (D/M). Three QTL conferred
seedling resistance in the D/M population: one near Rcs5 on chromosome 1(7H) explaining 30%, a second near the centromere of chromosome 1(7H) explaining 9%, and a third on the short
arm of chromosome 3(3H) explaining 19% of the phenotypic variation. As in the H/M population, no chromosome 5(1H) QTL was
detected for adult plant resistance in the D/M population. Instead, three QTL on other chromosomes explained most of the variation:
one on the short arm of chromosome 3(3H) explaining 36%, a second on the long arm of chromosome 3(3H) explaining 11%, and
a third at or near Rcs5 on chromosome 1(7H) explaining 20% of the phenotypic variation. These data demonstrate the complexity of expression of spot
blotch resistance in different populations and have important implications in breeding for durable resistance. 相似文献
16.
Guo Tai Yu Richard D. Horsley Bingxin Zhang Jerome D. Franckowiak 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(4):853-861
Semi-dwarfing genes have been widely used in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding programs in many parts of the world, but the success in developing barley cultivars with semi-dwarfing genes
has been limited in North America. Exploiting new semi-dwarfing genes may help in solving this dilemma. A recombinant inbred
line population was developed by crossing ZAU 7, a semi-dwarf cultivar from China, to ND16092, a tall breeding line from North
Dakota. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling plant height, a linkage map comprised of 111 molecular markers
was constructed. Simple interval mapping was performed for each of the eight environments. A consistent QTL for plant height
was found on chromosome 7HL. This QTL is not associated with maturity and rachis internode length. We suggest the provisional
name Qph-7H for this QTL. Qph-7H from ZAU 7 reduced plant height to about 3/4 of normal; thus, Qph-7H is considered a semi-dwarfing gene. Other QTLs for plant height were found, but their expression was variable across the
eight environments tested. 相似文献
17.
X. Huang Y. Fan L. Shabala Z. Rengel S. Shabala M. X. Zhou 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2018,38(2):16
Waterlogging stress disturbs plant metabolism through increased ion (manganese and iron) toxicity resulting from the changes in the soil redox potential under hypoxic conditions. Our previous study found a significant correlation between the tolerance to Mn2+ toxicity and waterlogging stress tolerance in barley, suggesting that waterlogging tolerance could be increased by improving the tolerance to Mn2+ toxicity. In this study, a doubled-haploid (DH) population from the cross between barley varieties Yerong and Franklin (waterlogging-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively) was used to identify QTL controlling tolerance to Mn2+ toxicity based on chlorophyll content and plant survival as selection criteria. Four significant QTL for plant survival under Mn2+ stress (QSur.yf.1H, QSur.yf.3H, QSur.yf.4H, and QSur.yf.6H) were identified in this population at the seedling stage. Two significant QTL (QLC.yf.3H and QLC.yf.6H) controlling leaf chlorosis under Mn2+ stress were identified on chromosomes 3H and 6H close to QSur.yf.3H and QSur.yf.6H. The major QTL QSur.yf.3H, located near the marker Bmag0013, explained 21% of the phenotypic variation. The major QTL for plant survival on 3H was validated in a different DH population (TX9425/Naso Nijo). This major QTL could potentially be used in breeding programmes to enhance tolerance to both manganese toxicity and waterlogging. 相似文献
18.
Safar Ali Safavi Assadollah Babai-Ahari Farzad Afshari Mahdi Arzanlou 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(12):1488-1498
Yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei is an important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in some parts of the world. We compared the effectiveness of different types of resistance in field plots at Ardabil Agricultural Research Station (Iran) during 2010–2011. Yield components along with slow rusting parameters including final rust severity (FRS), apparent infection rate (r), relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC) and coefficient of infection (CI) were evaluated for 25 barley cultivars. In all, two barley cultivars with race-specific resistance, 19 cultivars with different levels of slow rusting resistance and four susceptible cultivars were included in two experiments with and without fungicide protection under high disease pressure. Barley cultivars with slow rusting resistance displayed a range of severity responses indicating phenotypic diversity. Mean thousand kernels weight (TKW) losses for susceptible, race-specific and slow rusting genotypes were 31, 3 and 12%, respectively, and mean kernels per spike (KPS) losses for susceptible, race-specific and slow rusting genotypes were 19, 0.2 and 8%, respectively. Correlation coefficient of mean TKW and KPS losses with epidemiological parameters; rAUDPC, r, CI and FRS were highly significant. Slow rusting cultivars with low values of different parameters as well as genotypes with low yield component losses despite moderate disease levels were identified. Such genotypes can be used for breeding barely genotypes with high levels of resistance and negligible yield losses. 相似文献
19.
A Single Locus Is Responsible for Salinity Tolerance in a Chinese Landrace Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction
Salinity and waterlogging are two major abiotic stresses severely limiting barley production. The lack of a reliable screening method makes it very hard to improve the tolerance through breeding programs.Methods
This work used 188 DH lines from a cross between a Chinese landrace variety, TX9425 (waterlogging and salinity tolerant), and a Japanese malting barley, Naso Nijo (waterlogging and salinity sensitive), to identify QTLs associated with the tolerance.Results
Four QTLs were found for waterlogging tolerance. The salinity tolerance was evaluated with both a hydroponic system and in potting mixture. In the trial with potting mixture, only one major QTL was identified to associate with salinity tolerance. This QTL explained nearly 50% of the phenotypic variation, which makes it possible for further fine mapping and cloning of the gene. This QTL was also identified in the hydroponic experiment for different salt-related traits. The position of this QTL was located at a similar position to one of the major QTLs for waterlogging tolerance, indicating the possibility of similar mechanisms controlling both waterlogging and salinity tolerance.Conclusion
The markers associated with the QTL provided a unique opportunity in breeding programs for selection of salinity and waterlogging tolerance. 相似文献20.
Mark E. Looseley Lucie L. Griffe Bianca Büttner Kathryn M. Wright Jill Middlefell-Williams Hazel Bull Paul D. Shaw Malcolm Macaulay Allan Booth Günther Schweizer Joanne R. Russell Robbie Waugh William T. B. Thomas Anna Avrova 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(12):2513-2528