光唇鱼源无乳链球菌的分离鉴定及遗传特征

【目的】为查明浙江养殖光唇鱼大量死亡的病原,了解病原的遗传特征。【方法】本工作对患病光唇鱼进行病原分离,结合形态特征、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列同源性,对分离菌株进行鉴定;采用人工回感试验确定其病原性,并对分离株的血清型、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing,MLST)、毒力基因型和表面蛋白抗原基因型等遗传特征进行分析;此外,还测试了菌株的药敏特性。【结果】从患病光唇鱼体中分离得到优势菌株ACRO-0708,为革兰氏阳性球菌,不溶血,分子与生化鉴定为无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae);人工感染试验证实其对光唇鱼有较强的致病性,LD50为6.47×10~3CFU/g,属于血清型Ⅰb和MLST型ST261,毒力基因型为sip~+bibA~+cfb~+hylB~+iagA~+fbsA~+fbsB~+bac~–bca~–cylE~–scpB~–lmb~–,不携带所检测的6种表面蛋白基因。药敏试验结果显示,对青霉素、氨苄西林等8种药物较敏感,对氯霉素、复方新诺明等7种药物耐药。【结论】引起浙江养殖光唇鱼死亡的病原菌为无乳链球菌,其分子特征与水产动物主要流行的无乳链球菌株具有显著差异,生产中可选用氨苄西林、氟苯尼考等药物进行防治。     

无乳链球菌表面蛋白的研究进展

无乳链球菌是链球菌属的一个种,按Lancefild血清学分类,划归为B群(B群链球菌)。上世纪90年代以来,无乳链球菌是新生儿严重感染性疾病致病菌之一,在发达国家的感染率是围生儿间接死因的首位。由于该菌是许多妇女阴道的常驻菌群,在阴道和宫颈的定植率也很高,是引起新生儿侵袭性感     

海南罗非鱼无乳链球菌分离鉴定及其特性研究

从海南省患暴发性疾病的罗非鱼(Tilapia)上分离出1株细菌HNLFYL4,对分离菌株进行了鉴定及致病性和药物敏感性研究.通过形态学观察和生理生化鉴定,结果显示,分离菌株为无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae).对分离菌株的16S rRNA基因进行PCR扩增和测序,所得序列已登录到GenBank,登录号为HQ645983,与GenBank中收录的链球菌16S rRNA 基因进行比对并构建系统进化树,结果表明,分离菌株的16S rRNA基因序列与无乳链球菌同源性高达100%,进一步确定分离菌株为无乳链球菌.人工感染显示分离菌株对小白鼠和罗非鱼均具有致病性,对小白鼠的LD50为1.0×104 CFU/mL,对体重为500g±20g的罗非鱼的LD50为1.729×109CFU/mL.分离菌株对氯霉素、青霉素G、呋喃妥因等敏感,对丁胺卡那、链霉素、卡那霉素等不敏感.     

无乳链球菌耐药性及分子分型方法的研究进展

无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)是链球菌属最主要的致病菌之一,又被称为B群链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)。S. agalactiae致病性主要由毒力因子和表面蛋白引起,毒力因子包括荚膜多糖、溶血素、菌毛岛屿、透明质酸酶、磷酸甘油激酶和CAMP因子,表面蛋白是αC蛋白、表面免疫相关蛋白、黏附蛋白、纤维蛋白原结合蛋白、层黏连蛋白结合蛋白和纤溶酶受体蛋白。近8年的S. agalactiae耐药情况统计数据发现,S.agalactiae已对19种抗菌抗药物产生耐药,检出20个耐药基因和12种毒力因子。国内外S. agalactiae分子分型方法主要致力于血清型、多位点序列、脉冲场凝胶电泳、菌毛岛屿和细菌前噬菌体基因分型。本文阐述了S.agalactiae生物学特性、流行性致病信息、耐药性研究现状和分子分型方法研究进展,以期为进一步探明S.agalactiae耐药机制、开发治疗S. agalactiae的新型药物提供参考。     

罗非鱼无乳链球菌α蛋白基因的克隆、鉴定及分子特性分析

本研究克隆了罗非鱼源无乳链球菌HN0101分离株的α蛋白基因,通过生物信息学对其序列分析结果显示:α蛋白基因的ORF由1341个碱基组成,编码一个长度为446个氨基酸的多肽,N-端具有一个保守的YSIRK信号肽序列和一个AlphaC_N超家族结构域,C-末端含有1个保守Gram_pos_anchor超家族结构域,而在中间具有2个重复的Rib结构域;比较不同来源分离株的α蛋白结构,发现主要区别在于Rib结构域重复数目的不同;同源性及系统进化树分析,发现本株菌的α蛋白与已报道的人源A909和鱼源GD201008-001α蛋白聚为一簇,同源性达100%;罗非鱼源无乳链球菌α蛋白为亲水性蛋白,存在一个跨膜区,有37个潜在的磷酸化位点和1个潜在的N-糖基化位点;二级结构分析发现存在较多的无规则卷曲,推测有12个氨基酸区域可能是B细胞抗原表位;当选择大肠杆菌为表达宿主时,该重组蛋白的溶解度高达100%,亚细胞定位显示该蛋白位于细胞壁上。     

无乳链球菌的研究进展

无乳链球菌亦称B群链球菌（Group B streptococcus,GBS）,一直是新生儿和女性生殖道受感染的重要病菌,尤其是新生儿时期的感染是危及生命的重要原因,其病发症包括败血症、肺炎和脑膜炎等。在成年妇女的阴道和直肠内有15％～40％可以检出无乳链球菌,因此,这类女性所分娩的新生儿感染该菌的机率会比较高。     

无乳链球菌鱼源株10 kb基因序列对细菌致病力的影响

【目的】在前期比较基因组学分析中,我们发现中国无乳链球菌鱼源株GD201008-001基因组中有一段10 kb基因序列,内含11个未知功能的开放阅读框。为了研究该段基因序列与细菌的致病力的关系,本研究将这段基因进行了全段缺失。【方法】运用链球菌-大肠杆菌穿梭质粒p SET4s,构建了10 kb基因缺失株(Δ10 kb),并通过生物学性状的比较,细胞粘附试验,斑马鱼攻毒试验和缺失前后毒力相关基因转录水平的检测,评价该序列对无乳链球菌毒力的影响。【结果】经测序证明缺失株Δ10 kb构建成功,与亲本株GD201008-001相比较,缺失株Δ10 kb在细菌染色形态、对HEp-2细胞的粘附能力无明显差异,但在培养液中的生长速度略慢;缺失株Δ10 kb对斑马鱼的毒力明显增强,LD_(50)有极其显著的差异(P0.001);编码菌毛骨架蛋白2b的基因(PI-2b)和唾液酸酶基因(neul)在缺失株中的转录水平明显上升。【结论】该序列对无乳链球菌GD201008-001的毒力有显著的影响,可能调控某些毒力基因的转录表达,使细菌的毒力减弱。     

罗非鱼源无乳链球菌肠道拮抗芽孢杆菌的筛选及其生物学特性

【目的】从健康尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)肠道中筛选一株对罗非鱼源无乳链球菌等病原菌具有拮抗功能的益生菌。【方法】取健康尼罗罗非鱼肠道,匀浆后进行10倍系列梯度稀释,然后涂布BHI平板,培养1–2d,挑取单克隆菌落。采用点种法初步筛选对罗非鱼源无乳链球菌有拮抗作用的菌株,选取其中一株拮抗效果较好的菌株LF01,通过形态学、生理生化特征以及分子生物学分析,对LF01菌株进行鉴定。然后对LF01菌株的生长特性、水解淀粉和酪蛋白能力、药物敏感特性、抗菌谱和生物安全性进行测定和分析。【结果】根据菌落形态和生长时间的差异,从健康尼罗罗非鱼肠道中筛选出64株细菌,通过拮抗试验筛选出6株具有明显拮抗效果的菌株,其中LF01菌株的拮抗效果最好。根据LF01的形态、生理生化特征和gyr A基因的进化分析,确定该菌株为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。LF01菌株的最适生长温度为30°C,最适p H值为7,最适盐度为5‰,而且该菌株具有水解淀粉和酪蛋白的功能。药敏试验结果显示,LF01菌株对多数抗生素敏感,仅对杆菌肽耐药。拮抗试验结果显示LF01株对无乳链球菌、海豚链球菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌、鮰爱德华氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌、舒氏气单胞菌、维氏气单胞菌、简氏气单胞菌、鰤鱼诺卡氏菌等病原菌均具有拮抗作用,其中对鰤鱼诺卡氏菌的拮抗作用最强,平均抑菌圈直径达28.3 mm。生物安全试验表明,LF01菌株对尼罗罗非鱼、斑马鱼(Danio rerio)和乌鳢(Channa argus)等3种鱼均无致病性,具有良好的安全性。【结论】本研究筛选了一株贝莱斯芽孢杆菌LF01株,该菌的生物安全性良好,而且可拮抗常见的水产病原菌,具有防控多种水产经济动物疾病的潜力,应用前景十分广阔。     

具有拮抗无乳链球菌能力乳杆菌的筛选及抑菌特性

目的 从罗非鱼(Nile tilapia)肠道中筛选出具有抑菌作用的乳杆菌,测定其对无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)的抑菌效果,分析乳杆菌抑制无乳链球菌的有效成分,并利用分子生物学手段对筛选的乳杆菌菌种进行鉴定。 方法 采用双层平板法对具有抑制无乳链球菌的乳杆菌进行筛选,牛津杯法对抑菌效果进行测定,酶蛋白敏感性测定、热处理、有机酸处理等方法分析抑菌活性物质有效成分,16S rDNA分子标记对乳杆菌进行鉴定。 结果 从罗非鱼肠道中筛选出14株乳杆菌,其中菌株RS2对无乳链球菌具有明显的抑菌效果;不同蛋白酶种类、pH处理对乳杆菌无细胞培养液均有不同的影响,经80 ℃处理的乳杆菌无细胞培养液,其抑菌效果未显著改变(t=0.169 2,P=0.873 8)。此外,此株乳杆菌对猪霍乱沙门菌(Salmonella choleraesuis)、大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和志贺菌(Shigella sp.)等病原菌具有良好的抑制作用。经鉴定,该乳杆菌为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。 结论 从罗非鱼肠道中分离得到的植物乳杆菌菌株RS2对无乳链球菌等致病菌具有一定的抑制作用,推断其抑菌有效成分为细菌素类物质。此项研究对开发抗生素替代产品,提高食品的品质具有一定价值。     

广东与海南养殖罗非鱼无乳链球菌的分离、鉴定与特性分析

从中国广东、海南罗非鱼主养区发生爆发性疾病的多个养殖场的罗非鱼病鱼体上,分离到多株致病菌株。人工感染试验显示分离菌株具有较强的致病力,有多株经腹部注射分离细菌浓度为1×106CFU/mL时可使100%的受感染鱼死亡,选择其中7株强毒株进行药物敏感性实验与鉴定。不同菌株对药物敏感性存在一定的差异但与菌株来源无相关性,29种抗生素中对13种敏感、7种不敏感、9种存在菌株的差异。各分离菌株均为革兰氏阳性菌,呈β溶血。采用链球菌快速鉴定系统ID32STREP、Lancefield分析及多项补充生理生化鉴定结果,初步判断为无乳链球菌Streptococcus agalactiae。PCR扩增16S rRNA基因和GBS-specific gene cfb(CAMP factor)基因的全长序列,BLAST分析显示所有菌株的16S rRNA基因与GenBank上登录的无乳链球菌的相应序列高度同源(99.8%),各分离菌株间的16S rRNA基因序列也高度同源(≥99.9%?100%)。各菌株cfb基因序列高度同源(100%),BLAST显示与已知无乳链球菌的相应序列也具有高度同源性(≥99.0%)。综合上述实验结果,可判定广东与海南罗非鱼主养区2009年夏季发生的罗非鱼爆发性疾病的病原菌为无乳链球菌。     

Binding of bovine lactoferrin to Streptococcus agalactiae

Bovine lactoferrin is an iron-binding protein present in mammary gland secretions. The exposure of Streptococcus agalactiae to bovine lactoferrin resulted in the binding of this protein to all the 12 strains of bovine origin tested, and also, although to a lesser degree, to the five tested strains of human origin. The interaction of lactoferrin with one high-binding bovine strain (24/60, the prototype NT/X strain) was studied. Binding was time-dependent, dose-dependent, and saturable. The binding of lactoferrin was slightly affected by cultivation conditions, and appeared to be heat-stable. The binding of biotinylated lactoferrin was inhibited by unlabelled lactoferrin but not by bovine serum albumin.     

Determination of epidemiological relationships of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from bovine mastitis

In the present study 79 streptococcal cultures isolated from subclinical mastitis of 54 cows from seven dairy farms (A-G) in Hesse, Germany, were comparatively investigated using conventional and molecular methods. The isolates could be identified as Streptococcus agalactiae, belonging to Lancefield's serological group B by determination of cultural, biochemical and serological properties and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated amplification of species-specific parts of the 16S ribosomal DNA, the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and the CAMP factor gene cfb. The investigated group B streptococci were further characterized serologically for specific polysaccharide and protein antigens. Serotyping the isolates revealed a predominance of surface protein antigen X, either alone or in combination with polysaccharide antigen Ia. This could be observed for 39 isolates of farms A, B and C. Six group B streptococci from farm E displayed the serotype pattern III/Rib, two isolates from farm G showed the serotype pattern Ib/calpha. The remaining cultures from farms D and F (n=32) were non-typable. The occurrence of protein Rib could be confirmed by PCR amplification of the gene rib. The two isolates with serotype pattern Ib/calpha also reacted positively for the cbeta-encoding gene bag. Additional properties which allowed a phenotypic characterization of the S. agalactiae were the degree of pigmentation, growth properties in fluid media and soft agar, the surface hydrophobicity, the ability to hemagglutinate rabbit erythrocytes and their resistance reactions to tetracycline and minocycline. The isolates of the seven farms showed identical or almost identical characteristics. The 79 group B streptococci were additionally investigated by macrorestriction analysis of their chromosomal DNA using the restriction endonucleases SmaI, ApaI and SalI. The restriction patterns obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis displayed identical or closely related patterns for the cultures of the various farms. The pheno- and genotypic characteristics of the 79 group B streptococci of the present study revealed that a single S. agalactiae strain or at least closely related subtypes of this strain were responsible for the mastitis situation of the seven farms.     

Molecular serotype identification of Streptococcus agalactiae of bovine origin by multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) hybridization assay

We used a multiplex PCR-based reverse line blot (mPCR/RLB) hybridization assay and sequencing of a variable region of the cps cluster to identify serotypes of 140 Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus; GBS) isolates from cattle. Only 71 (51%) isolates were typeable using antisera, but molecular serotypes (MS) were assigned to 133 (95%) and 139 (99%) isolates by partial cpsE-cpsF-cpsG sequencing and mPCR/RLB, respectively. Ninety-four isolates (67%) belonged to MS III and most belonged to a molecular serosubtype (msst) III-3, which is uncommon among GBS isolates from humans. Our results demonstrate that cps clusters of bovine GBS differ significantly from those of GBS isolates from humans.     

无乳链球菌临床株对四环素类的敏感性研究

为探讨无乳链球菌对四环素类的敏感性及其与耐药基因、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing,MLST)之间的关系,本研究收集2014—2017年深圳市南山区人民医院分离自患者的136株无乳链球菌临床分离株,采用琼脂平板稀释法分析四环素类最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory co...     

Identification of lactoferrin-binding proteins in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae and Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from cows with mastitis

Three strains of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae) and five strains of Streptococcus agalactiae were used to identify lactoferrin-binding proteins (LBPs). LBPs from extracted surface proteins were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. All strains of S. dysgalactiae evaluated had 52- and 74-kDa protein bands. All strains of S. agalactiae evaluated had 52-, 70- and 110-kDa protein bands. In addition, a 45-kDa band was detected in two of five S. agalactiae strains evaluated. This study demonstrated that S. dysgalactiae and S. agalactiae of bovine origin contain two and three major LBPs, respectively.     

2006-2011年无乳链球菌的临床分布及药敏监测

目的 调查分析无乳链球菌(GBS)的耐药情况及其临床分布,为临床合理用药提供依据.方法 对临床各科室送检各类标本进行无乳链球菌的培养,经ATB-Expression细菌分析系统进行鉴定和药敏试验;所有资料采用WHONET 5.6软件进行回顾性分析.结果 共分离448株GBS,临床标本分离率最高的是泌尿生殖道分泌物(86.8％),科室检出最多的是妇产科(85.0％);药敏结果显示:耐药率最高的是四环素94.9％,其次是红霉素80.1％和克林霉素62.7％,其他耐药率分别为左旋氧氟沙星36.4％,奎奴普丁/达福普汀20.3％,氯霉素16.3％,头孢噻肟1.1％,青霉素0.2％;呋喃妥因、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药率均为0％;克林霉素耐药率表现出下降趋势,左旋氧氟沙星呈现上升趋势.结论 加强无乳链球菌的培养检测,关注无乳链球菌的耐药趋势;提高临床重视并指导临床合理用药和治疗.     

Proteomics study on the protective mechanism of soybean isoflavone against inflammation injury of bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by Streptococcus agalactiae

This study aimed to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of soybean isoflavones (SI) on the inflammatory response induced by Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) and to elucidate its possible mechanism. BMECs were pretreated with SI of different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/mL) for 0.5, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 h. And then, S. agalactiae was used to infect bMECs for 6 h (MOI = 50:1) to establish the inflammation model. Cell viability, growth curves of S. agalactiae, cytotoxicity, and S. agalactiae invasion rate were determined. A proteomics technique was used to further detect differential proteins and enrichment pathways. SI (40 μg/mL) improved the viability of bMECs at 12 h (p < 0.05) and 60 and 80 μg/mL of SI greater (p < 0.01). Moreover, 60 μg/mL of SI protects cells from bacterial damage (p < 0.05). SI could inhibit S. agalactiae growth and internalization into bMECs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, proteomics results showed that 133 proteins were up-regulated and 89 proteins were down-regulated significantly. The differentially significantly expressed proteins (DSEPs) were mainly related to cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. GO annotation showed that 222 DSEPs were divided into 23 biological processes (BP) terms, 14 cell components (CC) terms, and 12 molecular functions (MF) terms. DSEPs were significantly enriched in 10 pathways, of which the immune pathway was the main enrichment pathway.     

Identification and characterization of four proteases produced by Streptococcus suis

Streptococcus suis is an important worldwide swine pathogen. In this study, we investigated the production of proteases by S. suis serotype 2. Proteases were identified and characterized using chromogenic and fluorogenic assays and zymography. An Arg-aminopeptidase with a molecular mass of 55 kDa was found to be both cell-associated and extracellular. Cell-associated chymotrypsin-like and caseinase activities, belonging to the serine- and metalloprotease classes respectively, were also detected. Lastly, a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) with a molecular mass of 70 kDa was detected in both whole cells and culture supernatants of S. suis serotype 2. Arg-aminopeptidase, caseinase and DPP IV activities were detected in all strains of S. suis serotype 2 tested whereas the chymotrypsin-like activity was only detected in European virulent strains of serotype 2. The optimum pH for all four proteases was between 6 and 8, and the optimum temperature ranged from 25 to 42 degrees C. This is the first report on the production of proteases by S. suis. Further investigations will determine the possible contribution of these proteases in the pathogenicity of S. suis serotype 2.