Quaternary alkaloids of Fumaria indica

Dehydrocheilanthifoline, a phenolic protoberberine alkaloid has been isolated from the whole plant of Fumaria indica together with coptisine. This is the second report of the natural occurrence of dehydrocheilanthifoline and first from any Fumaria species.     

Alkaloids of Fumaria vaillantii

The aerial parts of Turkish Fumaria vaillantii yielded 26 isoquinoline alkaloids. Of these, oxysanguinarine, (±)-8-acetonyldihydrosanguinarine, (±)-8-methoxydihydrosanguinarine and fumaramidine are reported for the first time from this plant. New alkaloids for the genus Fumaria are dihydrosanguinarine, norsanguinarine, (+)-isocorydine, (?)-corledine and (+)-juziphine. This is the first occurrence of the isoquinolone N-methylcorydaldine in a member of the Fumariaceae. Spectral data are given for the new compound, E-fumaramine.     

Fumschleicherine,an alkaloid of Fumaria schleicheri

The structure of fumschleicherine has been elucidated by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by its conversion to fumaramine.     

A berbine alkaloid,lienkonine from Corydalis ochotensis

Lienkonine, a further alkaloid from Corydalis ochotensis, has been isolated and elucidated as (?)-2,3,10-trimethoxy-8α-methyl-13aαH-berbine-9-ol by the spectral data and chemical properties.     

Cadabicine,an alkaloid from Cadaba farinosa

A new spermidine alkaloid, cadabicine, has been isolated from Cadaba farinosa. Its structure was determined by X-ray crystallographic and spectral methods.     

Polyavolinamide,an indolosesquiterpene alkaloid from Polyathia suaveolens

A new indolosesquiterpene alkaloid, polyavolinamide, has been identified in the stem of Polyathia suaveolens accompanied by the three previously isolated indolosesquiterpene alkaloids, polyavolensin, polyavolensinol, polyavolensinone, as well as an unidentified triterpene and an aporhine alkaloids. Polyavolinamide was also the major component of the root bark. Its structure was assigned on the basis of ¹¹H and ¹³C NMR, and mass spectrometry.     

A new alkaloid from Voacanga chalotiana

The structure of 3-hydroxyvoachalotine, a new indole alkaloid isolated from the root bark of Voacanga chalotiana, has been determined by spectroscopic analysis and by chemical correlation with voachalotine.     

Structure of solanaviol,a new steroidal alkaloid from Solanum aviculare

A new alkaloid solanaviol ((22R, 25R)-spirosol-5-ene-3β,12β-diol) was isolated from Solanum aviculare in addition to solasodine as one of the main alkaloids. The structure of solanaviol was established by NMR spectroscopy, as well as by conversion into a known pregnane derivative and solasodine.     

Strychnozairine,an indole alkaloid from Strychnos variabilis

Through a combination of spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, mass spectrometry and NMR) it has been possible to show that strychnozairine, an alkaloid isolated from the root bark of Strychnos variabilis, is N₁-acetyl-16-R-formyl-19-oxo-20,21-didehydrostrychnane.     

The indole alkaloid,hypaphorine and Pterocarpus seed protection

L-Hypaphorine has been isolated as a major constituent of the seeds of Pterocarpus officinalis, seeds which are rejected as a food source by a wide variety of seed-eating rodents dwelling in the same habitat. Incorporation of the isolated hypaphorine into artificial diets of a small seed predator, Liomys salvini (a rodent) supports its role as a feeding deterrent.     

Effects of histidine decarboxylase inhibitors on the production of an aberrant alkaloid in Dolichothele sphaerica

Attempts at regulating the production of the aberrant alkaloid 4(5)-[N-isovalerylaminomethyl]imidazole were initiated by pretreating Dolichothele sphaerica plants with Known histidine decarboxylase inhibitors. Larger quantities of the unnatural precursor, 4(5)-aminomethylimidazole, were converted to the corresponding aberrant alkaloid when the cactus plants were pretreated with α-methylhistidine or α-hydrazinohistidine. These compounds appeared to be successful in inhibiting the formation of histamine from histidine, thereby limiting the availability of the natural precursor.     

Annonelliptine,an alkaloid from Annona elliptica

Annonelliptine has been isolated from Annona elliptica and its structure has been identified as (R)-7-hydroxy-1-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.     

Echitoserpidine: A new alkaloid of the fruits of Alstonia venenata

The structure of echitoserpidine, a new alkaloid of the fruits of Alstonia venenata has been established as (1) on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.     

Solanopubamine,a steroidal alkaloid from Solanum pubescens

Aerial parts of Solanum pubescens yielded a new steroidal alkaloid, solanopubamine, the structure of which was elucidated as 3β-amino-5α,22αH,25βH-solanidan-23β-ol by ¹³C NMR, ¹H NMR, IR, mass spectral analysis and chemical degradation methods.     

Castanospermine,A 1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine alkaloid,from seeds of Castanospermum australe

A new type of higher plant alkaloid, 1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine, designated castanospermine, has been isolated from the toxic seeds of the Australian legume Castanospermum australe.     

Glycozolidol,an antibacterial carbazole alkaloid from Glycosmis pentaphylla

Glycozolidol, a new carbazole alkaloid, has been isolated from the roots of Glycosmis pentaphylla. Its structure has been established as 6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-methylcarbazole on the basis of physical and chemical evidence. The compound has been found to be active at some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.     

1-Hydroxycanthin-6-one,an alkaloid from Ailanthus giraldii

A new alkaloid has been isolated from the heartwood of Ailanthus giraldii and its structure determined as 1-hydroxycanthin-6-one.     

(+)-Epimaritidine,an alkaloid from Zephyranthes rosea

The isolation and determination, by spectroscopic analyses and chemical correlation, of the structure and stereochemistry of (+)-epimaritidine, a new alkaloid from Zephyranthes rosea, is reported. A facile transformation of maritidine to (+)-epimaritidine is described and the mechanism is appraised in the light of the thermodynamic stability of the latter epimer. (+)-Epimaritidine comprises a missing link in the C-3 epimeric pairs of 5,10b-ethanophenanthridine alkaloids of the vittatine-haemanthamine type.     

Camtschatcanidine,an alkaloid from Fritillaria camtschatcensis

From the hydrolysed glycoalkaloid fraction from bulbs of mature Fritillaria camtschatcensis in addition to already reported alkaloids a new solanidanine alkaloid, 22 R,25 S-solanid-5-ene-3β,27-diol (camtschatcanidine), was isolated and its structure elucidated by spectral analysis and its conversion to solanidine. Also veralkamine was identified from the same plant.