Cell Surface Cdc37 Participates in Extracellular HSP90 Mediated Cancer Cell Invasion

Cdc37 is a 50 kDa molecular chaperone which targets intrinsically unstable protein kinases to the molecular chaperone HSP90. It is also an over-expressed oncoprotein that mediates carcinogenesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotype by stabilizing the compromised structures of mutant and/or over-expressed oncogenic kinases. Here we report that Cdc37 is not restricted intracellularly but instead it is also present on the surface of MDA-MB-453 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, where it is shown to participate in cancer cell motility processes. Furthermore, we demonstrate using an anti-Cdc37 cell impermeable antibody, that similarly to its intracellular counterpart, this surface pool of Cdc37 specifically interacts with HSP90 as well as the kinase receptors HER2 and EGFR on the cell surface, probably acting as a co-factor in HSP90's extracellular chaperoning activities. Finally, we show that functional inhibition of surface HSP90 using mAb 4C5, a cell impermeable monoclonal antibody against this protein, leads not only to disruption of the Cdc37/HSP90 complex but also to inhibition of the Cdc37/ErbB receptors complexes. These results support an essential role for surface Cdc37 in concert with HSP90 on the cell surface during cancer cell invasion processes and strengthen the therapeutic potential of mAb 4C5 for the treatment of cancer.     

温度和病原菌感染对大黄鱼热激蛋白90基因表达的影响

热激蛋白（heat shock protein,HSP）是进化上非常保守的蛋白质家族之一,普遍存在于各种生物体中,在多种生理活动中起到重要作用。该实验克隆了大黄鱼HSP90基因,并分析了温度和病原菌感染对其表达的影响。克隆到的大黄鱼HSP90序列长3 930 nt,含4个外显子和3个内含子,其中编码区2 178 nt,编码725个氨基酸。同源性分析发现,大黄鱼HSP90基因序列和其它鱼类的同源性在90%以上。在不同水温下,HSP90基因在不同组织中的表达量变化不同,心、肠和脑等组织在29 oC时表达量最高,而肌肉、脾和肝等组织在24 oC时表达量最高。用病原菌感染大黄鱼,感染48 h后,鳃、心、脾、肠、肾和脑组织HSP90的表达量明显上升;发病时（感染7天后）,受检的9种组织中HSP90的表达量都比未感染时明显增加。     

高温对原代支持细胞增殖能力和occludin紧密连接蛋白的影响

目的:研究高温对原代大鼠睾丸支持细胞增殖作用和对紧密连接蛋白的损伤机制.方法:体外分离培养雄性Wistar大鼠睾丸支持细胞(Sertoli cell,SC),免疫组化FasL鉴定.实验分为对照组(36℃)和实验组(37℃、38℃、39℃).在相应的温度下培养5d后,CCK-8法检测SC增殖作用,Western印迹法检测OCLN表达水平.结果:体外培养SC的纯度＞90％,CCK-8结果显示,细胞增殖活性在36℃时最强,37～39℃时逐渐降低;Western印迹显示,36℃时OCLN表达量最高;高于36℃时,OCLN表达量随着温度的增加而降低(P＜0.05).结论:高温影响SC增殖活性,破坏了支持细胞紧密连接蛋白的正常表达和血睾屏障的完整性,从而影响正常精子的形成.     

Apoptosis Versus Cell Differentiation: Role of Heat Shock Proteins HSP90, HSP70 and HSP27

Heat shock proteins HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 are molecular chaperones whose expression is increased after many different types of stress. They have a protective function helping the cell to cope with lethal conditions. The cytoprotective function of HSPs is largely explained by their anti-apoptotic function. HSPs have been shown to interact with different key apoptotic proteins. As a result, HSPs can block essentially all apoptotic pathways, most of them involving the activation of cystein proteases called caspases. Apoptosis and differentiation are physiological processes that share many common features, for instance, chromatin condensation and the activation of caspases are frequently observed. It is, therefore, not surprising that many recent reports imply HSPs in the differentiation process. This review will comment on the role of HSP90, HSP70 and HSP27 in apoptosis and cell differentiation. HSPs may determine de fate of the cells by orchestrating the decision of apoptosis versus differentiation.Key Words: apoptosis, differentiation, heat shock proteins, chaperones, cancer cells, anticancer drugs     

华蟾素注射液对前列腺癌PC3细胞株增殖及VEGF及其受体KDR表达的影响

目的:探讨华蟾素注射液对前列腺癌PC3细胞的生长抑制作用及其对VEGF及KDR表达水平的影响。方法:体外培养前列腺癌PC3细胞株,采用MTT(四甲基偶氮唑蓝)法检测不同浓度华蟾素注射液对前列腺癌PC3细胞增殖的影响;采用FCM法分析该药对PC3细胞周期分布的影响;蛋白印迹法检测药物处理PC3细胞后,细胞中VEGF及KDR蛋白表达的变化。结果:不同浓度浓度的华蟾素注射液对前列腺癌PC3细胞具有抑制作用(P<0.05),并呈一定的时间剂量依赖性;流式细胞仪检测显示,华蟾素可阻滞细胞进程于S期(P<0.05);蛋白印迹法检测结果显示,华蟾素注射液能使VEGF及KDR蛋白表达下降,并呈浓度依赖性。结论:华蟾素注射液能抑制PC3细胞的增殖作用,其机制可能与下调VEGF及KDR表达有关。     

The Effect of Manganese-induced Cytotoxicity on mRNA Expressions of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 in Chicken Spleen Lymphocytes in Vitro

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of manganese (Mn)-induced cytotoxicity on heat shock proteins in chicken spleen lymphocytes. Lymphocytes were cultured in medium in the absence and presence of MnCl₂ (2?×?10^?4, 4?×?10^?4, 6?×?10^?4, 8?×?10^?4, 10?×?10^?4, and 12?×?10^?4 mmol/L) for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h in vitro. Then, the mRNA levels of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that the mRNA levels of HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in all treatment groups at all time points, except mRNA levels of HSP27 at 48 h, had the same tendency. As manganese concentration increased, the mRNA expression of the heat shock proteins first increased and then decreased. In other words, we demonstrated that the mRNA expression of the heat shock proteins was induced at lower concentrations of manganese and was inhibited at higher concentrations. Mn had a dosage-dependent effect on HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 mRNA expression in chicken spleen lymphocytes in vitro.     

Cellular Expression of Cyclooxygenase,Aromatase, Adipokines,Inflammation and Cell Proliferation Markers in Breast Cancer Specimen

Current evidences suggest that expression of Ki67, cyclooxygenase (COX), aromatase, adipokines, prostaglandins, free radicals, β-catenin and α-SMA might be involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. The main objective of this study was to compare expression/localization of these potential compounds in breast cancer tissues with tissues collected adjacent to the tumor using immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinical pathology. The breast cancer specimens were collected from 30 women aged between 49 and 89 years who underwent breast surgery following cancer diagnosis. Expression levels of molecules by different stainings were graded as a score on a scale based upon staining intensity and proportion of positive cells/area or individually. AdipoR1, adiponectin, Ob-R, leptin, COX-1, COX-2, aromatase, PGF_2α, F₂-isoprostanes and α-SMA were localised on higher levels in the breast tissues adjacent to the tumor compared to tumor specimens when considering either score or staining area whereas COX-2 and AdipoR2 were found to be higher considering staining intensity and Ki67 on score level in the tumor tissue. There was no significant difference observed on β-catenin either on score nor on staining area and intensity between tissues adjacent to the tumor and tumor tissues. A positive correlation was found between COX-1 and COX-2 in the tumor tissues. In conclusion, these suggest that Ki67, COXs, aromatase, prostaglandin, free radicals, adipokines, β-catenin and α-SMA are involved in breast cancer. These further focus the need of examination of tissues adjacent to tumor, tumor itself and compare them with normal or benign breast tissues for a better understanding of breast cancer pathology and future evaluation of therapeutic benefit.     

AFP的亚细胞定位及对肿瘤细胞生长的影响

目的观察甲胎蛋白（AFP）在不同肿瘤细胞中的亚细胞定位及对肿瘤细胞生长的影响。方法运用免疫荧光的方法观察内源性AFP在HeI。a细胞、QGY-7703细胞、MCF-7细胞中的亚细胞定位。将构建的表达AFP的质粒pcDNA3-AFP及AFP腺病毒siRNA干涉载体Adv—AFPsiRNA作用于QGY-7703细胞,MCF-7细胞,运用M1Tr,集落形成实验检测细胞增殖状况。结果免疫荧光显示,内源性的AFP在HeLa细胞、QGY-7703细胞、MCF-7细胞均只在细胞质中表达。pcDNA3-AFP使QGY-7703的细胞活性增加了2l％（P〈0．05）及集落形成能力增加了32％（P〈0．01）,MCF-7实验组比对照组细胞活性降低了30％（P〈0．01）．克隆形成能力降低82％（P〈0．01）。Adv—AFPsiRNA使QGY-7703的细胞活性降低了22％（P〈0．05）,平均克隆形成能力降低52％（P〈0．01）,MCF-7细胞活性提高了24．5％（P〈0．05）,克隆形成能力提高了89％（P〈O．01）。结论内源性的AFP只在细胞质中表达。AFP能促进QGY-7703细胞的增殖及克隆形成能力,而在MCF-7细胞中发挥相反的作用。腺病毒介导的内源性的AFP表达的下调能降低QGY-7703的增殖,却增加了MCF-7的细胞活性及克隆形成能力。     

黄芪甲苷对人骨髓间充质干细胞体外增殖及细胞因子表达的影响

目的：探讨黄芪甲苷对人骨髓间充质干细胞体外增殖及细胞因子表达的影响。方法：采用Percoll密度离心法和贴壁法分离纯化hBMSC;流式细胞术检测hBMSC表面标志;MTT法检测不同浓度黄芪甲苷干预72h后hBMSC的增殖情况;Real-timePCR法检测经黄芪甲苷干预后hBMSC对SCF、VEGF、SDF-1、GM-CSFmRNA的表达水平。结果：成功分离培养出laBMSC;不同浓度（20、40、80、160、320mg／mL）的黄芪甲苷可促进hBMSC增殖（P〈0．05）,其中160mg／mL组促增殖最明显;黄芪甲苷可促进hBMSC对SCF、VEGF、SDF-1mRNA的表达,而GM—CSFmRNA表达无明显变化。结论：黄芪甲苷可促进hBMSC体外增殖,可能与其促进hBMSC对SCF、VEGF、SDF-1mRNA表达有关。     

姜黄素对胃癌细胞系HGC-27增殖及侵袭力的影响

目的:探讨姜黄素(curcumin,Cur)对胃癌细胞系HGC-27细胞增殖及侵袭力的影响以阐明Cur的抗瘤机制。方法:采用MTT法检测不同剂量(0、10、20、30、40?mol/L)及不同处理时间(24、48、72h)的姜黄素对HGC-27细胞增殖活性的影响;Transwell侵袭实验检测姜黄素对HGC-27细胞侵袭力的抑制作用。结果:1.MTT法显示姜黄素显著抑制HGC-27细胞增殖,20μmol/L,30μmol/L,40μmol/L姜黄素处理72小时其生长抑制率分别为24.63%,32.42%,76.43%,有明显的剂量及时间依赖性,不同剂量组之间及不同处理时间组之间比较有差异显著性(P<0.05)。2.Transwell侵袭实验显示姜黄素显著抑制HGC-27细胞的侵袭力,呈剂量和时间依赖性,各剂量组与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:姜黄素通过抑制HGC-27细胞增殖和侵袭行为起到抗肿瘤作用。     

Effect of the 90 kDa heat shock protein, HSP90, on glucocorticoid receptor binding to DNA-cellulose

Glucocorticoid receptors in the IM-9 human lymphoblastoid cell line were affinity labeled with [3H]dexamethasone 21-mesylate and activated to a DNA-binding form by filtration through a Bio-Gel A-1.5m column. The 90 kDa heat shock protein, HSP90, was identified by labeling IM-9 cells with 35S-methionine at both 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C and purified to near homogeneity by sequential chromatography through DE52 and hydroxyapatite. Addition of purified HSP90 to activated, affinity labeled glucocorticoid receptors in a molecular ratio of 16 to 1 inhibited the binding of the receptors to DNA-cellulose. HSP90 did not affect the binding of other proteins to DNA-cellulose, indicating that the inhibitory effect of HSP90 was specific for the glucocorticoid receptor. These results suggest that HSP90 may associate with the glucocorticoid receptor, masking its DNA-binding site and thereby inhibiting receptor interaction with DNA.     

FXYD6 shRNA表达载体的构建及其在体外对胰腺癌细胞增殖的影响

目的：构建FXYD6短发夹RNA（shRNA）表达载体,体外评价其对胰腺癌细胞sw1990的增殖与FXYD6蛋白表达的抑制效果。方法：基于microRNA mir-30天然结构,设计表达4对FXYD6 shRNA的互补DNA序列,克隆入pCGM30质粒载体,连接产物转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,PCR法筛选阳性克隆,经酶切和基因测序鉴定;利用LipofectAMINE2000将pCGM30-FXYD6shRNA转染至胰腺癌细胞sw1990,MTT法检测转染后胰腺癌细胞增殖的变化,Western blot检测胰腺癌细胞中FXYD6蛋白表达水平的变化。结果：设计合成了4对表达FXYD6 shRNA的互补DNA序列,构建了4个表达FXYD6 shRNA的重组质粒;基因测序证实shRNA编码序列与设计的片段完全一致,酶切鉴定证实载体构建成功;体外实验表明,转染胰腺癌细胞sw1990的增殖能力和FXYD6蛋白表达水平明显降低（P〈0．05）,FXYD6蛋白表达水平随时间延长逐渐降低（P〈O．01）,但细胞增殖能力无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论：构建了4个表达FXYD6 shRNA的重组质粒载体,可有效抑制FXYD6的表达;抑制胰腺癌细胞sw1990中FXYD6的表达可以抑制细胞的增殖,提示FXYD6可能是一个具有潜在临床应用价值的基因治疗靶点。     

Effect of Eriocitrin on Cell Proliferation,Apoptosis, Migration,and Scar Formation-Related Genes Expression in Tendon Stem Cells

Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics - Tendinopathy is a common disease in elite and recreational athletes, and Eriocitrin is a flavonoid compound, which has antioxidant properties. The present...     

慢病毒介导的GFP-Hsp90αE47A基因在HepG2细胞表达及对细胞增殖性影响的研究

目的：建立真核细胞表达的GFP-Hsp90αE47A基因重组慢病毒载体三质粒包装细胞系统,并检测其对细胞增殖性的影响,为进一步研究HSP90分子伴侣功能奠定基础。方法：制备完整的重组慢病毒载体三质粒系统：转移质粒（Hsp90αE47A/psin-GFP）,包装质粒（ΔNRF）及包膜蛋白质粒（VSV-G）。磷酸钙法将三质粒共转染293T包装细胞,48h后收集病毒上清。将制备好的慢病毒颗粒感染HepG2细胞,在荧光显微镜下观察报告基因GFP的表达情况,Westernblot检测HepG2细胞GFP-Hsp90α表达。MTT法检测细胞增殖情况。结果：转染后的293T和感染后的HepG2细胞能观察到较强的绿色荧光,培养液上清病毒滴度约为3.0×103ifu/μl,HepG2细胞中有GFP-Hsp90α蛋白的表达。内源性Hsp90α表达无明显上升（为对照组的1.05±0.15倍,P〈0.05,t检验）,有明显外源性GFP-Hsp90αE47A蛋白的表达,为对照组内源性Hsp90α的0.68±0.12倍。外源性GFP-Hsp90αE47A蛋白的表达HepG2细胞增殖活性于第4d有明显抑制。（1.051±0.03vs1.349±0.05,P〈0.05,t检验）。结论：成功建立重组慢病毒载体的三质粒包装细胞系统,并将GFP-Hsp90αE47A基因在HepG2细胞中稳定表达,且并未引起细胞明显的热休克反应而导致的内源性Hsp90α增高;且能明显抑制细胞增殖,为后期Hsp90α分子伴侣功能进行研究奠定基础。     

Survivin基因RNA干扰对肺癌细胞凋亡及增殖的影响

目的:探讨Survivin表达对肺鳞癌细胞的凋亡和增殖的影响.方法:利用siRNA阻抑人肺鳞癌细胞内survivin基因的表达,用RT-PCR和Western Blotting法分析survivin基因mRNA和蛋白的表达,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,细胞集落形成实验检测细胞增殖.结果:(1)Survivin在肺癌细胞中表达.转染Survivin siRNA可在RNA和蛋白水平阻断其表达;(2)转染Survivin siRNA的肺癌细胞凋亡率显著增加;(3)转染Survivin siRNA的肺癌细胞的集落形成率显著降低.结论:阻断Survivin表达可通过增加细胞凋亡率和降低细胞增殖增加肺鳞癌细胞的放疗敏感性.     

肺腺癌细胞中STAT3表达对细胞生长及药物敏感性的影响

目的:探讨STAT3表达变化对细胞生长及化疗药物敏感性的影响.方法:采用AG490处理细胞、SOCS3基因转染A549细胞后.Western blot检测STAT3蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化水平变化;MTT法检测细胞增殖情况;不同浓度泰素处理细胞后观察细胞对药物的敏感性.结果:AG490处理细胞、SOCS3基因转染细胞后,Western blot证实其能显著抑制STAT3蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化水平(P<0.01);MTT法结果示细胞增殖明显受到抑制;细胞对泰素敏感性显著增高.结论:STAT3能促进细胞增殖,AG490、SOCS3能显著抑制A549细胞中STAT3蛋白的活性,从而抑制A549细胞生长并增加其对化疗药物的敏感性.     

微小RNA miR-125b真核表达载体的构建及其对细胞增殖的影响

目的:构建微小RNA125b(miR-125b)真核表达载体,研究其过表达后对细胞增殖的影响。方法:以pcDNA3.1(-)-myc-his载体为模板,PCR扩增CMV启动子,克隆入pHRS-1cla-EGFP慢病毒载体,构建pHRS-1cla-CMV-EGFP载体;以从人全血中提取的基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增pri-miR-125b序列,将其克隆到pHRS-1cla-CMV-EGFP载体中,构建pHRS-1cla-miR125b-CMV-EGFP慢病毒表达载体;将pHRS-1cla-miR125b-CMV-EGFP表达载体瞬时转染入293FT细胞,用实时定量PCR技术对miR-125b在转录水平的表达进行检测,用MTT及Brdu法检测miR-125b过表达后对293FT细胞增殖的影响。结果:构建的pHRS-1cla-miR125b-CMV-EGFP真核表达载体经质粒酶切和测序鉴定正确,转染细胞后72h经实时定量PCR检测,成熟miR-125b表达上调约750倍(P0.01),说明其能有效高表达,MTT及Brdu法检测显示细胞增殖受到明显抑制(P0.01)。结论:构建了pHRS-1cla-miR-125b-CMV-EGFP慢病毒真核表达载体,转染293FT细胞后能高效表达成熟miR-125b,同时证明过表达miR-125b能使细胞的增殖受到非常明显的抑制。     

单克隆抗体MGd1对胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的：研究不同浓度的MGd1对体外培养胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖及凋亡的影响。方法：采用MTT法测定不同浓度MGd1对SGC-7901生长抑制作用;流式细胞术（FCM）进行细胞凋亡分析。激光共聚焦显微镜观察MGd1抗原（MGd1-Ag）的亚细胞定位。结果：MTT结果显示不同浓度的MGd1均对SGC-7901细胞产生明显的抑制效应（P=0.02）;流式细胞术分析发现MGd1可诱导SGC-7901发生凋亡并呈浓度和时间依赖性（P〈0.01）;共聚焦显微镜结果显示MGd1-Ag主要定位于细胞膜上。结论：以上结果证实胃癌特异性单抗MGd1可抑制SGC-7901的增殖并促进凋亡发生。它可能通过与细胞膜上抗原特异性结合,影响下游信号传导,从而发挥抑制效应。