High-level expression, purification and pro-apoptosis activity of HIV-TAT-survivin (T34A) mutant to cancer cells in vitro

Survivin, a novel member of the IAP family, was observed to express in the most common human cancers. Anti-cancer therapy targeting survivin had drawn considerable attention. This study focused on high-level expression of recombinant protein TAT-survivin (T34A) mutant in E. coli, purification and bioactivity of pro-apoptosis to various cell lines in vitro. The cDNA encoding survivin was cloned by RT-PCR from breast cancer cell lines B-cap37. After PCR site-directed mutagenesis and construction of expression vector pRSET-B-TAT-survivin (T34A), targeted TAT-survivin (T34A) protein was expressed highly in E. coli BL21 (DE3) by 0.5mM IPTG induction and its yield could reach 650 mg/l in fermentation culture. The fusion protein in a form of inclusion body was then solubilized, refolded and purified to a purity of 98% by cation exchange chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography. Four hundred and eighty milligrams protein of interest was obtained in per liter fermentation culture. This showed that the efficient procedures of large-scale expression and purification were successful for the mass production of the recombinant protein. Pro-apoptosis effects of target protein on four cancer cell lines and one normal cell line from human were confirmed by the change of morphology, and pro-apoptosis activity was evaluated by MTT, fluorescent staining of nuclei and flow cytometry assay. Results indicated that B-cap37 and SW1990 were very sensitive to TAT-survivin (T34A) protein. This finding revealed the recombinant protein was promising as an anti-cancer drug.     

重组HIV-TATm-Survivin(T34A)蛋白制备及其促癌细胞凋亡活性研究

从人乳腺癌细胞系B-Cap-37中克隆出Survivin的cDNA,并对其中编码34位Thr的密码子定点突变为Ala的密码子后,经一系列基因操作方法将天然HIV-TAT转导肽的突变体基因HIV-TATm引入Survivin(T34A)基因的5′端,正确构建了表达载体pRSET-B-HIV-TATm-Survivin(T34A),经转化E.coliBL21(DE3)后诱导表达,目的蛋白质以包涵体形式表达,占菌体总蛋白的45%。经3.7L发酵罐分批发酵可收获650mg/L的包涵体,经阳离子交换、凝胶层析分离和柱上复性与透析,得到纯度达96%以上的可溶性目的蛋白HIV-TATm-Survivin(T34A)。目的蛋白对人乳腺癌细胞B-Cap-37、人胰腺癌细胞SW1990和人肝癌细胞SSMC-7721作用4h后有在细胞形态上呈现出显著的凋亡特征,而对人宫颈癌细胞系Hela不敏感,对正常的人内皮细胞系EVC-304未见明显影响。作用24h时MTT法检测显示,120μg/mL目的蛋白对SW1990、B-Cap-37、SSMC-7721和Hela细胞的抑制率分别达到89%、63%、59.5%和39%,且具有剂量依赖性。对最为敏感的SW1990和B-Cap-37以每孔60μg/mL终浓度的目的蛋白作用48h的流式细胞技术检测发现,凋亡率分别为25.6%和19.3%,与对照相比,实验组细胞出现明显的凋亡峰,细胞周期的分布发生明显的变化,65%以上的癌细胞被阻滞于G1期。体外实验结果显示重组目的蛋白具有较强的抑制癌细胞增殖和促进凋亡作用,预示着良好的抗癌前景。     

Expression and purification of soluble B lymphocyte stimulator from recombinant Escherichia coli

In this work, the expression conditions of fusion protein thioredoxin (Trx)-soluble B lymphocyte stimulator (sBLyS) in shake flask and bioreactor from the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) with a pET system encoding the fusion protein gene of Trx-sBLyS and the purification method of the sBLyS were optimized to effectively obtain the bioactive protein sBLyS with a high purity. A yield of about 250 mg Trx-sBLyS/g DWC (1686 mg Trx-sBLyS/L) and expression level of about 38.5% in soluble Trx-sBLyS were obtained in a 30 1 bioreactor after optimization of the fermentation conditions. After the completion of the optimized purification procedure in order of affinity chromatography, enzymatic cleavage with enterokinase and DEAE ion exchange chromatography, about 200 mg sBLyS per liter fermentation broth was obtained with a purity of about 95% and a yield of near 30%, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular weight (MW) and the isoelectric point (pI) of the purified sBLyS were determined by 2-D gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis and estimated to be over 16 kDa and about pH 4.15, respectively. In addition, the bioactivities of the soluble Trx-sBLyS in fermentation broth and the purified sBLyS were tested by two kinds of analytical methods of bioactivity. The good fermentation yield and the satisfied, purified sBLyS product with high purity, yield and bioactivity demonstrated the sBLyS production procedure was promising in industry.     

人生存素survivin的克隆与分泌表达

旨在克隆人生存素( survivin)基因,并在原核系统中进行可溶性表达.采用RT-PCR方法从人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7中克隆survivin基因,将其重组到pAYZ表达栽体中,构建带有六聚组氨酸纯化标记的人survivin基因原核表达栽体pAYZ-survivin,将该载体转化大肠杆菌16C9进行表达.结果表明,成功克隆了survivin基因并构建了重组表达载体.融合蛋白主要以可溶性状态分泌到周质腔内存在.分离提取蛋白,HiTrap金属螯合柱进行亲和层析纯化,并经Western blot验证了高纯度survivin融合蛋白的表达.     

重组胸腺素α1的表达、纯化和生物学活性

为获得重组人胸腺素α1(recombinantthymosinα1,Tα1) ,采用融合表达方式表达Tα1基因 ,重组融合表达载体Tα1 pGEX 4XT 1转化大肠杆菌DE3(lys)构建工程菌 .对工程菌进行补料分批培养并诱导表达 ,得到目的蛋白的可溶性表达 .亲和层析纯化融合蛋白GST Tα1,经凝血酶裂解融合蛋白 ,亲和层析除去GST ,SourceQ离子交换 ,得到Tα1单体 ,得率为 30mg L发酵液 .生物学活性分析显示 ,重组Tα1能显著促进小鼠脾细胞增殖 (P <0 0 1) ,其活性与天然Tα1相似     

Identification,characterization, and stabilization of the deamidation degradation of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α

A kind of degradation characterized by an increase in overall negative charge in both native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and high-performance strong anion exchange analysis was observed during the purification process of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was adopted to further analyze this degradation, and the result demonstrated that suspected deamidation occurred at N39 and N34 residues. To investigate the effects of these deamidation degradations on TNF-α, we substituted corresponding asparagine residues with aspartic acid residues. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectrometry analysis revealed that the advanced structures of TNF-α could not be obviously changed by these substitutions. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that deamidation led to decreased thermal stability, and two mutants (N34D, N34DN39D) both possessed two Tm. L929 cell cytotoxic activity implied that N39 residue deamidation caused only a minor bioactivity loss, whereas N34 residue deamidation led to a bioactivity loss of four orders of magnitude. To alleviate the degradation during the purification process, we screened nine excipients and found that glycerol could notably ameliorate this degradation and provide a compromise strategy for the recombinant human TNF-α protein during purification process and formulation development.     

基因重组Echistatin发酵工艺的优化

目的:利用基因工程方法对一种蛇毒锯鳞蝰素蛋白的发酵纯化工艺进行优化,以提高目的蛋白的产量和纯度。方法:对工程菌进行发酵培养并诱导表达,研究不同的培养基、不同补料方式、溶解氧浓度、培养和诱导时间对工程菌产量和目的蛋白表达量的影响,利用几丁质亲和层析纯化Ecs融合蛋白,通过合适温度和pH裂解融合蛋白得到Ecs纯品,并鉴定和检测Ecs活性。结果:经过高密度发酵优化后,菌体湿重可达110g/L,目的蛋白表达量约占总蛋白的40%;亲和层析纯化后,得到Ecs单体,得率为68mg/L发酵液。生物学活性分析显示,重组Ecs能有效抑制血小板的聚集,其活性与天然Ecs相似。结论:通过发酵和纯化工艺优化,大大提高了目的蛋白产量,为进一步规模化研究和生产奠定了基础。     

凋亡抑制因子Survivin的克隆、高效表达与纯化

Survivin蛋白抑制细胞的凋亡并参与调控细胞的分裂,在绝大多数肿瘤细胞中均有过量表达。本实验以人肝癌细胞系MHCC-97L总RNA为模板,应用RT-PCR的方法得到survivin cDNA,并构建了重组原核表达载体pET-21b(+)-survivin,导入BL21（DE3）菌株进行表达,表达产物以包涵体形式存在,表达量超过总蛋白的60%。Western blot结果表明表达产物与抗人survivin抗体发生特异性反应,经凝胶过滤层析后纯度达到95%以上,为进一步研究靶向Survivin的诊断试剂与抑制剂奠定了基础。     

人甲状旁腺素(1-34)衍生物在大肠杆菌中表达、纯化及其生物学活性

为研究Gly hPTH(1 34)衍生物的生物学活性 ,用重叠PCR方法合成编码hPTH(1 34)的DNA片段 ,克隆到融合表达载体pGEX 2T的缩短型谷胱甘肽转移酶基因GST6 9△的 3′末端 ,构建正确读码框架的融合基因 .在两个基因间引入蛋白质羟胺切割位点序列 ,转入E .coliJM10 9中 ,IPTG诱导表达 .该融合蛋白的表达量占菌体总蛋白的 2 0 %以上 ,主要以包涵体形式存在 ,盐酸羟胺切割表达产物 .分析表明 ,80 %左右的融合蛋白被裂解为GST6 9△和Gly hPTH(1 34) .经分子筛柱层析和反相层析分离纯化获得重组Gly hPTH(1 34)衍生物 ,纯度达 98%以上 ,回收率约为 10mg/升发酵液 ,分子量为 4 177,等电点 (pI)为 8 4 0 ,N端 16个氨基酸 ,除第一个为甘氨酸外 ,其余与天然hPTH(1 34)序列一致 .Western印迹结果表明 ,Gly hPTH(1 34)衍生物具有hPTH(1 34)的免疫学活性 .体外活性测定结果表明 ,Gly hPTH(1 34)衍生物能刺激人成骨细胞HOSTE85增殖、增加细胞内胶原合成、ALP活性增高和cAMP生成量增加 ,并呈量效关系 ,提示它具有与化学合成的hPTH(1 34)相同的生物学活性 ,N端多一个Gly对其活性无明显影响 .     

重组炭疽保护性抗原的表达、纯化与生物活性分析

构建分泌型表达质粒 ,在大肠杆菌中实现了重组炭疽保护性抗原 (rPA)的分泌型表达。重组蛋白位于细菌外周质 ,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 10 %。以离子交换、疏水层析和凝胶过滤为基础 ,建立了rPA的纯化工艺 ,每升培养物可获得约 15mgrPA ,纯度可达 95 %以上。体外细胞毒性试验显示rPA具有较好的生物学活性。用rPA免疫家兔产生的抗血清在体外可抑制炭疽致死毒素的活性 ,表明rPA可诱导机体产生保护性免疫。以上结果为今后发展新一代炭疽疫苗打下基础     

甲状旁腺激素和转铁蛋白N端半分子融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达

用重叠PCR技术将PTH（parathyroid hormone, 甲状旁腺激素）基因与TFN（transferrin N_terminal half_molecule, 转铁蛋白N端半分子）基因在体外融合,融合基因克隆至真核表达载体pPIC9中,转化毕赤酵母GS115。转化子经甲醇诱导后,融合蛋白得到了表达并分泌到发酵上清液中。经 SP Sepharose F F阳离子交换层析、Phenyl Sepharose Fast Flow疏水层析纯化获得了纯度大于95％的PTH_TFN样品。Western blot分析及腺苷酸环化酶实验证明融合蛋白中的PTH具有与抗PTH抗体结合能力及刺激腺苷酸环化酶的活性,铁饱和实验证明融合蛋白中的TFN和单独的TFN具有相同铁结合能力。因而TFN可望作为PTH的天然运输载体。     

Extracellular production of human parathyroid hormone as a thioredoxin fusion form in Escherichia coli by chemical permeabilization combined with heat treatment

A pET system encoding the fusion protein gene of thioredoxin (Trx) and human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) was introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Recombinant Trx-hPTH fusion protein was expressed in soluble form in the cytoplasm of the E. coli transformant. To recover Trx-hPTH from the E. coli culture efficiently, a novel tactic was developed by adding Triton X-100 into the fermentation culture at the exponential growth phase of E. coli and by heat treatment of the culture at the end of the fermentation. A concentration of 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 was added into the culture at the same time as IPTG addition after optimization. Under these conditions, addition of Triton X-100 had little effect on the cell growth, but more than 75% of the total recombinant Trx-hPTH was released into the fermentation broth. Also, a much higher volumetric yield of recombinant Trx-hPTH could be obtained with protein release compared to yield without protein release. Simultaneously, owing to the highly thermal stability of Trx-hPTH fusion protein, heat treatment of the fermentation broth at 80 degrees C for 15 min at the end of fermentation was employed for primary purification. Results demonstrated that heat treatment not only boosted further release of the recombinant Trx-hPTH fusion protein into the fermentation broth but also precipitated/denatured most of the nontarget proteins released in the broth. The tactics described herein integrated the fermentation process with subsequent recovery steps and thus provided a valuable and economical method for the production of Trx-hPTH and maybe some other Trx fusions in E. coli.     

靶向抗肿瘤蛋白iRGD-CDD的原核表达及生物活性鉴定

目的: 原核表达并纯化具有特异性成纤维细胞激活蛋白(FAPα)酶切位点的靶向抗肿瘤GP-CDD-iRGD融合蛋白,利用FAPα的酶切功能切除融合标签,检测其对FAPα阳性肿瘤细胞株的毒性。方法: 设计并合成GP-CDD-iRGD基因,插入pGEX-4T3 载体,构建重组表达质粒,转化至BL21大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析重组融合蛋白的表达,Western blot检测融合蛋白的表达,经GST亲和柱纯化融合蛋白后,通过体外细胞毒性试验(MTT法)和细胞凋亡实验评价该融合蛋白的靶向抗肿瘤活性。结果: 成功构建重组原核表达质粒pGEX-GP-CDD-iRGD,可溶性表达相对分子量约为36 kDa的融合蛋白GST-GP-CDD-iRGD,纯化后蛋白纯度约为90%,经MTT实验测定其对FAPα阳性4T1细胞株的ED50约为18.5μmol/L,流式细胞术检测到其对FAPα阳性4T1细胞株具有选择性毒性作用,早期凋亡比例达到约28%。结论: 原核表达的重组融合蛋白GP-CDD-iRGD对FAPα阴性4T1细胞株未显示毒性,而对FAPα阳性4T1细胞株具有显著的促凋亡作用,为进一步研究其在体内的靶向抗肿瘤活性提供了依据。     

Expression, purification, and characterization of functional recombinant human daintain/AIF-1 in Escherichia coli

Daintain/AIF-1 was identified from injured rat carotid arteries and porcine intestine in the mid 1990s. It is involved in autoimmune disorders, chronic rejection of allografts, gliomas, and breast cancer. Since it is convenient and economical to obtain such a peptide biologically, in this study, we describe the expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant human daintain/AIF-1 (rhdaintain/AIF-1). The backbone of vector pET32a, a high-level expression plasmid, was used to construct the pET32a-daintain/AIF-1 plasmid for daintain/AIF-1 expression in Escherichia coli. The recombinant daintain/AIF-1 protein was solubly expressed in the BL21 (DE3) strain and was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography. After purification, the recombinant protein showed the expected size of 18 kDa on Tricine-SDS-PAGE gels which was further confirmed by Western blotting. A total of 34.0 mg of high purity (over 98%) rhdaintain/AIF-1 was obtained from 1 L culture. The recombinant peptide was able to increase blood glucose elimination rates and enhance the proliferation of human MCF-7 cells. These results suggest that biological activity of the recombinant peptide was preserved after purification.     

蛇毒锯鳞蝰素融合蛋白的发酵与纯化

研究大肠杆菌表达重组蛇毒锯鳞蝰素(Echistatin,Ecs)融合蛋白的发酵和纯化工艺。将Ecs基因插入表达载体pTXB1,转化E.coliBL21(DE3)构建工程菌。对工程菌进行补料分批培养并诱导表达,研究培养基、培养和诱导时间对工程菌生长和目的蛋白表达的影响,几丁质亲和层析纯化Ecs融合蛋白,经DTT裂解后,检测Ecs活性。发酵后菌体湿重可达75g/L,融合蛋白表达量约占总蛋白的35%,重组质粒在BL21宿主菌中传代稳定。亲和层析纯化后,得到Ecs单体,得率为28mg/L发酵液。生物学活性分析显示,重组Ecs能有效抑制血小板的聚集,其活性与天然Ecs相似。优化了Ecs融合基因工程菌的发酵和纯化条件,为规模化生产奠定基础。     

TAT细胞穿透肽融合小鼠SurvivinT34A重组蛋白的原核表达纯化及其细胞转导效能研究

为研究细胞穿透肽TAT融合小鼠存活素T34A(survivinT34A)重组蛋白(TAT-msvT34A)转导细胞的效能,该实验将表达TAT-msvT34A的原核表达载体pTAT-msvT34A转化大肠杆菌表达株E.coli BL21(DE3),异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导,表达的融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。通过亲和层析、离子交换柱层析、分子筛等步骤纯化,得到TAT-msvT34A融合蛋白的纯度可达98%。纯化的融合蛋白用异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记(FITC-TAT-msvT34A)后,分别转导HepG2、TC-1、B16及HEK293细胞株,流式细胞仪检测显示,较低浓度的重组蛋白即对HepG2、TC-1、B16及HEK293等细胞株具有较高的转导效能,在100 nmol/L时的转导效率均可达到60%以上,作为对照,FITC标记的牛血清白蛋白(FITC-BSA)在100 nmol/L时对上述细胞株的转导效率极低,结果具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。荧光显微镜观察可见,50 nmol/L和100 nmol/L的TAT-msvT34A融合蛋白对HepG2细胞的转导效率均可达50%,而对照FITC-BS...     

不同标签辅助的IBTX原核表达纯化及活性鉴定

目的:在原核体系中建立高效表达纯化IBTX(Iberiotoxin)的工艺,并比较不同标签对IBTX生物活性的影响。方法:利用引物搭桥的方法,经PCR扩增,获得IBTX编码基因,以此为模板分别构建了表达质粒PET32a(+)-IBTX、pGex-6p-1-IBTX、pDuet-MBP-IBTX,并将其转入E.coli(BL21)分别表达带有硫氧还原蛋白(TRX)、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GST)、麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)标签的IBTX融合蛋白,在经过亲和层析、烟草蚀纹病毒(TEV)蛋白酶酶切、C18反向层析纯化后真空冻干得到IBTX干粉,以电生理实验检测其生物活性。结果:在三种标签帮助下通过原核体系表达出的IBTX都能够特异性的阻断大电导Ca2+激活的钾通道(BK)电流,其中MBP帮助折叠的m-IBTX活性最佳。结论:建立了IBTX在MBP标签帮助下的原核表达纯化工艺,为进一步研究蝎钾离子通道α家族神经毒素及其突变体的原核表达奠定了基础。     

Biodiversity in aerobic granule membrane bioreactor at high organic loading rates

Antibacterial peptide CM4 (ABP-CM4) is a small cationic peptide with broad-spectrum activities against bacteria, fungi, and tumor cells, which may possibly be used as an antimicrobial agent. We report here the application of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) fusion technology to the expression and purification of cationic antibacterial peptide ABP-CM4. The fusion protein expressed in a soluble form was purified to a purity of 90% by Ni-IDA chromatography and 112 mg protein of interest was obtained per liter of fermentation culture. After the SUMO–CM4 fusion protein was cleaved by the SUMO protease at 30 °C for 1 h, the cleaved sample was re-applied to a Ni-IDA. Finally, about 24 mg recombinant CM4 was obtained from 1 l fermentation culture with no less than 96% purity and the recombinant CM4 had similar antimicrobial properties to the synthetic CM4. Thus, the SUMO-mediated peptide expression and purification system potentially could be employed for the production of recombinant cytotoxic peptides.     

日本血吸虫中国大陆株22.6kD膜相关蛋白基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

以日本血吸虫ｍＲＮＡ为模板,用ＲＴＰＣＲ法快速克隆到一大小约６００ｂｐ的ＤＮＡ片段,ＤＮＡ序列分析证实,所扩增到的ＤＮＡ片段中含有日本血吸虫２２６膜相关蛋白（Ｓｊ２２６（Ｃｈ））基因,将该基因重组到表达型质粒ｐＧＥＸ４Ｔ中,表达的ＧＳＴ融合蛋白分子量约４８ｋＤ,用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖凝胶亲和层析柱纯化的重组蛋白不仅纯度好,而且得率高,纯化产量可达４０ｍｇ／Ｌ培养物,免疫试验结果表明该重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性,为其在血吸虫病抗感染中的免疫作用研究创造了条件。     

人肝再生增强因子在毕赤酵母中的表达、纯化和生物学活性的研究

肝再生增强因子（ALR）是一类胞源性肝细胞生长因子。为在毕赤酵母中分泌表达人肝再生增强因子（rhALR）,以色谱法分离纯化后进行体外活性研究,构建表达载体pPICZαA- ALR,经电穿孔转入毕赤酵母中,用0.5％甲醇诱导表达;重组酵母培养上清经SDS-PAGE电泳和western blot鉴定后表明, rhALR以分子量为30kD的二聚体为主;定量分析结果表明,重组酵母培养上清中rhALR约占总蛋白的66％,表达量约为40mg/L;经DEAE柱和G75柱纯化后,获得的rhALR纯度大于95％,得率为52％;体外生物学活性实验表明,rhALR能明显促进HepG2、SMMC-7721和NIH-3T3细胞的增殖。