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1.
不同经济类型高粱的RAPD分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对四种不同经济类型高粱采用DNA随机扩增多态技术(RAPD)进行了比较研究。18种引物扩增后共得到54个RAPD标记,其中23个标记在进行4种高粱成对比较时呈多态。根据计算出的遗传距离值可以发现虽然不同种高粱之间差异虽然较小,但仍具有丰富的遗传多样性。 相似文献
2.
采用RAPD技术,用524个随机引物对3个抗病品种和4个感病品种的基因组DNA进行扩增,发现3个引物能在抗、感品种间检测到稳定的多态性。这3个引物及它们产生的多态片段是S347 1220bp、S372 872bp和S375 1360bp,其中S347 1220bp和S372 875bp在感病品种上呈显性扩增,在抗病品种上无扩增,相反S375 1360bp在感病品种上无扩增,在抗病品种上呈显性扩增。初步判断这3个特异带与小麦赤霉病抗性有关。 相似文献
3.
M. J. Iqbal N. Aziz N. A. Saeed Y. Zafar K. A. Malik 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):139-144
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of elite commercial cotton varieties.
Twenty two varieties belonging to Gossypium hirsutum L. and one to G. arboreum L. were analyzed with 50 random decamer primers using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty nine primers detected polymorphism
in all 23 cotton varieties, while one produced monomorphic amplification profiles. A total of 349 bands were amplified, 89.1%
of which were polymorphic. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) showed that 17
varieties can be placed in two groups with a similarity ranging from 81.51% to 93.41%. G. hirsutum L. varieties S-12, V3 and MNH-93 showed a similarity of 78.12, 74.46 and 69.56% respectively with rest of the varieties. One
variety, CIM-1100, showed 57.02% similarity and was quite distinct. The diploid cotton G. arboreum L. var. Ravi was also very distinct from rest of its tetraploid counterparts and showed only 55.7% similarity. The analysis
revealed that the intervarietal genetic relationships of several varieties is related to their center of origin. As expected,
most of the varieties have a narrow genetic base. The results obtained can be used for the selection of possible parents to
generate a mapping population. The results also reveal the genetic relationship of elite commercial cotton varieties with
some standard “Coker” varieties and the diploid G. arboreum L. var. Ravi (old world cotton).
Received: 12 July 1996 / Accepted: 26 July 1996 相似文献
4.
M. Tucak S. Popović T. Čupić S. Grljušić V. Meglič Z. Jurković 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(11):1314-1319
Information on genetic diversity and germplasm characterization is essential for successful crop improvement. Diverse data
sets (pedigree, morphological, biochemical, DNA based-markers) are employed in various aspects of plant analysis. The objective
of this study was to determine the efficiency of phenotypic and RAPD markers in diversity assessment of ten alfalfa (Medicago spp.) accessions from Europe, North America and Australia. Field experiment was designed as a randomised complete block with
three replications over two consecutive years (2004, 2005) at one location. Twelve morpho-agronomic traits were recorded on
50 plants per each accession. Genomic DNA’s from 16–20 randomly selected individual plants per accession were used for RAPD
analysis. Six primers selected in this study generated a total of 93 polymorphic RAPD bands. The number of polymorphic bands
detected per primer ranged from 11 to 20. Genetic distances (GD) among investigated accessions and two-dimensional principal
coordinate analysis (2D PCoA) based on phenotypic and molecular data were obtained. The average GD between (0.283–0.416) and
within (0.247–0.332) accessions based on RAPD data was higher than GD values obtained by morpho-agronomic traits (0.171–0.354
and 0.157–0.261, respectively). 2D PCoA based on GD from RAPD data grouped most of the studied individual plants to four clusters
according to their geographical or taxonomy origin. 2D PCoA based only on morpho-agronomic data did not group plants congruently
to their origin, probably due to a strong environmental influence on studied traits. Our results indicated that the RAPD markers
were effective in assessing genetic diversity within and between studied alfalfa accessions. In addition, the obtained results
suggested that the RAPD markers might be useful for grouping of germplasm with similar genetic background and for pre-screening
of potential heterotic groups in our breeding programme. 相似文献
5.
A. Bagheri J. G. Paull P. Langridge A. J. Rathjen 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1995,1(2):193-197
The optimisation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis in pea was investigated and the results were applied to an analysis of five representative Australian varieties and five selected boron-tolerant accessions derived from different geographical regions. Genotypes were compared using 34 random primers (Operon Technologies, Alameda, CA) which generated 180 polymorphic bands. Genetic similarity among genotypes was estimated on the basis of the percentage of common bands between genotypes and a dendrogram was constructed by the unweighted pair grouping method. A pattern of RAPD reaction corresponding to two main groups was discerned. The genetic divergence between Australian varieties and the boron-tolerant accessions suggests an intensive back-crossing programme would be required to transfer boron tolerance to a locally adapted genetic background. Our results show RAPD to be useful for clarifying phylogenic relationships within a species and also to provide useful genetic markers for varietal identification in pea. 相似文献
6.
R. Bhatia K. P. Singh T. R. Sharma Tripta Jhang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,104(1):131-135
The genetic fidelity of in vitro-raised gerbera clones was assessed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple
sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Out of 35 RAPD and 32 ISSR primers screened, only 12 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers produced clear,
reproducible and scorable bands. The 12 RAPD primers produced 54 distinct and scorable bands, with an average of 4.5 bands
per primer. The number of scorable bands for ISSR primers varied from 3 (ISSR-14) to 9 (ISSR-07), with an average of 5.5 bands
per primer. The number of bands generated per primer was greater in ISSR than RAPD. All banding profiles from micropropagated
plants were monomorphic and similar to those of the mother plant. A similarity matrix based on Jaccard’s coefficient revealed
that the pair-wise value between the mother and the in vitro-raised plantlets was 1, indicating 100% similarity. This confirmed
the true-to-type nature of the in vitro-raised clones. 相似文献
7.
名贵茶花种质资源的RAPD分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用RAPD方法构建了国内外23个茶花品种的指纹图谱。从100个随机引物中筛选出的20个有效引物共产生136条DNA片段,遗传多态性带120条占总数88.2%。遗传相似性分析表明,各基因型间的Nei's相似系数分布在0.4386~0.8936之间,平均相似性系数为0.7668。通过非加权算术平均数聚类(UPGMA)法,绘制了它们的遗传关系树状图,23个品种可划分为3个类群。研究结果表明,RAPD技术可用于茶花品种的鉴别以及种质资源遗传多态性的研究。 相似文献
8.
家蚕不同地理品种分子系统学研 总被引:56,自引:3,他引:56
利用随机引物扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)标志,在DNA分子水平上对不同系统、化性和眠性共六类59个家蚕Bombyx mori品种及野蚕且mandarina之间的遗传差异进行了研究。在34个随机引物中有12个(35.29%)引物出现稳定的扩增带,扩增总带数为103条,其中86条具多态性,占83.5%,平均每个引物7.2条。利用单匹配相似系数和UPGMA聚类法对结果进行分析,发现其RAPD不但具有品种特异性,而且具有系统特异性,证明中国一化性四眠种为最早从野蚕中分化出来的系统,中国一化性三眠种与中国一化性四眠种在进化上属有显著差异的两个类群。 相似文献
9.
香蕉33个品种的RAPD研究 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
利用RAPD技术对香蕉(Musa nana Lour.)33个品种的遗传变异进行了研究,从249个随机引物中筛选出18个有效引物,用它们共扩增出192条DNA带,其中183条为多态性带,占95.31%,平均每个引物扩增的DNA带数为10.67条,利用18个有效引物扩增的192条DNA带对香蕉33个品种间的亲缘关系进行UPGMA聚类分析,计算出33个品种间的平均遗传距离为0.3412。在此基础上建立了香蕉33个品种的DNA分子系统树状图。该系统将香蕉33个品种划归A,B,C和D4个群,其中A群20个品种,B群5个品种,C群2个品种,D群6个品种;A群又可以分为3个亚群。对香蕉遗传多样性分子基础进行了探讨。 相似文献
10.
Sandip Das Jyothi Rajagopal Sabhyata Bhatia P. S. Srivastava Malathi Lakshmikumaran 《Journal of biosciences》1999,24(4):433-440
Genetic relationships were evaluated among nine cultivars ofBrassica campestris by employing random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. RAPDs
generated a total of 125 bands using 13 decamer primers (an average of 9.6 bands per assay) of which nearly 80% were polymorphic.
The per cent polymorphism ranged from 60–100%. AFLP, on the other hand generated a total of 319 markers, an average of 64
bands per assay. Of these, 213 were polymorphic in nature (66.8%). AFLP methodology detected polymorphism more efficiently
than RAPD approach due to a greater number of loci assayed per reaction. Cultivar-specific bands were identified, for some
cultivars using RAPD, and for most cultivars with AFLP. Genetic similarity matrix, based on Jaccard’s index detected coefficients
ranging from 0.42 to 0.73 for RAPD, and from 0.48 to 0.925 for AFLPs indicating a wide genetic base. Cluster analyses using
data generated by both RAPD and AFLP markers, clearly separated the yellow seeded, self-compatible cultivars from the brown
seeded, self-incompatible cultivars although AFLP markers were able to group the cultivars more accurately. The higher genetic
variation detected by AFLP in comparison to RAPD was also reflected in the topography of the phenetic dendrograms obtained.
These results have been discussed in light of other studies and the relative efficiency of the marker systems for germplasm
evaluation. 相似文献
11.
Tapan Kumar Nondal Pradeep Kumar Chand 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(3):296-299
Summary Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques were applied to assess genetic instability among micropropagated tea
[Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] eultivar ‘T-78’. Out of 49 random 10-mer primers, 11 generated polymorphism in four out of 17 micropropagated
plants and one mother plant. A total of 221 bands, ranging from 525 bp to 2.5 kb, were produced by the 49 primers. Twenty-four
were polymorphic for those four plants. However, the remaining bands were monomorphic among all plants. Polymorphism among
those four plants showed an identifical banding pattern suggesting the occurrence of a single mutation. Our results demonstrated
that RAPD can be used successfully to determine the genetic instability among micropropagated plants which otherwise were
morphologically indistinguishable. 相似文献
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14.
The genotype characteristic of cultivars was investigated, along with varieties of both of the jute species, Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis, in the germplasm collection at the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI). DNA fingerprinting was generated for 9 different varieties and 12 accessions of jute cultivars by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A total of 29 arbitrary oligonucleotide primers were screened. Seven primers gave polymorphism within the varieties, and 6 primers detected polymorphism within the accessions that were tested. A dendrogram was engendered from these data, and this gave a distinct clustering of the cultivated species of jute. Therefore, we generated RAPD markers, which are species-specific. These primers can distinguish between C. olitorius and C. capsularis. From the dendrogram that we generated between the various members of these two species, we found the existing genetic classification that agrees with our molecular marking data. A different dendrogram showed that jute accessions could be clustered into three groups. These data will be invaluable in the conservation and utilization of the genetic pool in the germplasm collection. 相似文献
15.
七种蟋蟀基因组DNA的RAPD多态性研究(直翅目:蟋蟀总科) 总被引:20,自引:6,他引:14
应用10种随机引物,对西北地区常见的3属7种蟋蟀进行RAPD多态性检测,共筛选出2种引物S142,S8可以对7个种扩增出清晰稳定的多态性片段,多态性片段共计58条,相对分子质量在320bp-2400bp之间。应用UPGMA(非加权配对算术平均法)对多态性片段进行聚类分析,构建树状图,推测系统发生关系。每一种蟋蟀均先各自聚为一类,棺头蟋属与油葫芦属间的遗传距离最小,亲缘关系最近,斗蟋属4个种间的亲缘关系较为复杂,明显分为2个支系,与传统分类并不一致。 相似文献
16.
Seventy isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from soil samples collected from cotton fields. These isolates were characterized by randomly amplified poylmorphic
DNA (RAPD) markers to determine their genetic diversity pattern based on their source of origin. Different random decamer
primers were used for RAPD amplification, which generated a total of 1935 fragments; of these 1865 were polymorphic and 68
monomorphic. The primers OPA03, OPA08, OPD14, OPD19, OPD20, OPE17 and OPD19 produced 100% polymorphic fragments, whereas primers
OPC06, OPC20 and OPD17 produced 20, 31 and 17 monomorphic fragments, respectively. When the RAPD banding pattern data was
subjected to dendrogram construction, the 70 isolates fell into two separate clusters, cluster I and cluster II, which includes
26 and 44 B. thuringiensis isolates, respectively. These two main clusters were further divided into four subclusters at Eucledian distance of 150 and
80% similarity index. All primers showed amplification and indicated the good diversity of B. thuringiensis isolates. The RAPD pattern showed 4–10 bands per isolate, with MWt in the range of 0.4–3.5 Kb and an average of 193.5 fragments
were produced per primer. The primer OPE17 was found to be the most discriminatory as it produced 286 polymorphic bands. 相似文献
17.
JIA Jian-Hang WANG Ping JIN De-Min QU Xue-Ping WANG Qian LI Chuan-You WENG Man-Li WANG Bin 《植物学报(英文版)》2000,42(4):403-407
RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers were generated from filaments of 15 Porphyra lines representing four important groups, P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, P. katadai var. hemiphylla and P. oligospermatangia. Among the total 69 fragments generated by 6 selected primers (among 50 primers), 67 appeared to be polymorphic (97.1%). Cluster analysis based on the RAPD results was performed. The 15 Porphyra lines were divided into 3 groups. This result was consistent with that from taxonomy analysis. A DNA fingerprinting based on 8 bands amplified with OPN-02 and OPJ-18 was constructed and might be used in Porphyra variety identification. Five specific RAPD fragments of 5 Porphyra lines were isolated and cloned into pGEM-T easy vector. These five RAPD fragments may be useful in germplasm identification and property protection of Porphyra. 相似文献
18.
RAPD标记在紫菜遗传多样性检测和种质鉴定中的应用 总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42
用RAPD技术对4类紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis,P.haitanensis,P.katadni var.hemiphylla和P.oligospermatangia)的15个无性系丝状体进行了遗传多样履分析,从50个OPERON引物中经过初筛,其中6个引物可以扩增出稳定的可重复的图谱。这6个引物共扩增出了60条带,多态性比例达97.1%。根据RAPD结果将这15个无性了紫菜的DNA 相似文献
19.
芥菜16个变种的RAPD研究 总被引:39,自引:0,他引:39
利用RAPD技术对芥菜(BrasicajunceaCos.)16个变种的遗传变异进行研究。从60个随机引物中筛选出27个有效引物,共扩增出336条DNA带,其中275条为多态性带,占8185%,平均每个引物扩增的DNA带数为1244条。利用19个有效引物扩增的240条DNA带对芥菜16个变种间的亲缘关系进行UPGA聚类分析,计算出16个变种间的平均遗传距离为734,在此基础上建立了中国菜用芥菜16个变种的DNA分子系统树图。该系统将芥菜的16个变种划归A、B、C三个组,其中A组7个变种,B组8个变种,C组只有1个变种,B组又可细分为两个亚组。对芥菜遗传多样性的分子基础进行了探讨。 相似文献
20.
福建栽培大豆品种RAPD标记多样性分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用RAPD分子标记技术对福建18份栽培大豆品种遗传多样性进行研究.结果表明,12个引物共扩增出91条带,其中多态条带65条,多态性程度为71.43%.D=0.62时,聚类分析结果可以将供试材料分为3个大类群,即菜用大豆品种、杂交育成品种和地方品种、有半野生血缘的品种各聚成1类,揭示了福建省栽培大豆品种间的亲缘关系,同时还反映出品种间关系与地理起源有一定的相关. 相似文献