条螽属和桑螽属雌性发声刺的比较观察

报道了对尖翅条螽Ducetia attenuata Xia et Liu、日本条螽D. japonica (Thunberg)、施氏条螽D. strelkovi Gorochov et Storozhenko和中华桑螽Kuwayamaea chinensis (Brunner)、长翅桑螽K. longipennis Shi et Zheng、札幌桑螽K. sapporensis Mats.et Shir.的雌性发声刺的观察结果。这6个种的雌性发声刺在数量与形态上具较明显的差异。     

条螽属和桑螽属雌性发声刺的比较观察

 报道了对尖翅条螽Ducetia attenuata Xia et Liu、日本条 螽D. japonica(Thunberg)、施氏条螽D. strelkovi Gorochov et Storozhenk o和中华桑螽K uwayamaea chinensis(Brunner)、长翅桑螽K. longipennis Shi et Zheng、札 幌桑螽K.sap porensis Mats.et Shir.的雌性发声刺的观察结果。这6个种的雌性发声刺在数量与 形态上具较明显的差异。     

四川蛩螽科一新种(直翅目：螽斯总科)

本文记述了螽斯总科蛩螽科一新种,长齿拟柯螽I>Pseudoduzicus longidentatus,新种。该新种在雄性腹部末节背板、尾须和下生殖板同该属的已知种不同。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

北方两种常见蝈螽鸣声与发声器的比较研究

研究了北方常见的优雅蝈螽Gampsocleis gratiosa和暗褐蝈螽Campsocleis sedakovii雄性鸣声特征和发声器结构.优雅蝈螽鸣声规则,脉冲组序列由2种类型的脉冲组组成,第1种类型的脉冲组持续时间约0.09 s,脉冲持续和间隔时问约0.01 5;第2类型的脉冲组持续时间约0,04 s,脉冲持续和间隔时间均约0.003 s;鸣声的主能峰频率约7 kHz.暗褐蝈螽雄性鸣声包含短促的开翅鸣声和由2种类型的脉冲组组成的脉冲组序列构成的闭翅鸣声,第1种脉冲组持续时间约0.012 s,间隔时间约0.002 s;第2种脉冲组持续时间约0.013 s,间隔时间极短;鸣声主能峰频率约9.1kHz.2种蝈螽镜膜的形状、发声锉的形状和长度、发声齿的形状具显著差异.     

中国奇螽属的分类研究（直翅目：露螽科）

本文对中国奇螽属的种类进行了研究,并记述2新种, 即双刺奇螽Mirollia bispina sp. nov.和多齿奇螽Mirollia multidentus sp.nov.。模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。     

中国似织螽属分类研究

本文对中国似织螽属已知种类进行了研究,并列出了该属已知种的检索表, 同时记述一新种,即宽翅似织螽 Hexacentrus expansus sp. nov.。该新种与H. inflatissimus Gorochov & Warcholowska-Sliwa, 1999 和H. yunnaneus Bey-Bienko, 1962相似,与前者的主要区别： 1）体明显较小; 2）雄性左前翅Cu2脉较长且直; 3）雄性前翅Rs脉从R脉近端部分出; 4）雌性翅狭,不到达产卵瓣端部; 与后者的主要区别： 1）体黄绿色,跗节第3、4节黑色; 2）雄性左前翅Cu2脉粗壮; 3）雄性前翅Rs脉从R脉近端部分出,基部稍弯曲; 4）雄性腹突细长,长于下生殖板的1/2。模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。     

中国掩耳螽属二新种记述(直翅目：螽总科,露螽科)

记述中国露螽科Phaneropteridae二新种：长裂掩耳螽Elimaea longifissa sp. Nov.,采自江西;短板掩耳螽E. brevilamina sp. Nov., 采自福建。模式标本保存于山东大学生物系。     

草螽属二新种记述(直翅目:草螽科)(英文)

作者在整理在广东所采的螽斯标本时,发现草螽属二新种,即广东草螽Conocephalusguangdon-gensissp．nov．和异刺草螽Conocephalusdifferentussp.nov.,模式标本保存于中山大学昆虫学研究所。广东草螽Conocephalusguangdongensissp.nov．和二齿草螽ConocephalusbidentatusShietZhent、Conocephalusoceanicus（LeGuillou）相似,同前者的主要区别：雄性尾须内侧的一对刺粗壮,前足股节腹面内侧具2齿,雌性下生殖板后端宽;同后者的主要区别：头顶狭,雄性尾须内的一对刺粗壮。异刺草螽Conocephalusdifferentussp.nov.和沟额草螽ConocephalussulcifrontisXiaetLiu相似,中足股节腹面外侧具1齿,雄性尾须内侧的刺也不同。     

中国锥尾螽属的修订(直翅目,螽斯总科)

对锥尾螽属的特征进行了修订,并记述中国湖南2新种.短瓣锥尾螽Conanalus brevivalva sp.nov.与比尔锥尾螽C.pieli Tinkham,1943相似,主要区别:1)雌性前翅长,左右前翅重叠;2)产卵瓣短于体长;3)前胸腹板缺刺;4)中足与后足股节腹面具刺.斧尾锥尾螽Conanalus axints sp.nov.与叠翅锥尾螽C.plicipennis Xia et Liu,1990和比尔锥尾螽C.pieli Tinkham,1943相似,与前者的主要区别:1)雌性前翅长为前胸背板的1/2;2)雌性下生殖板后缘狭,稍凹;与后者的主要区别:1)雄性腹部末节背板特化为斧状;2)雌性左右前翅重叠.模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

鼻优草螽和苍白优草螽鸣声和发声器的研究

鼻优草螽[Euconocephalus nasutus(Thunberg)]和苍白优草螽[Euconocephalus pallidus (Redtenbacher)]外形相似,但其鸣声特征和发声器的结构明显不同。鼻优草螽鸣声的每个脉冲组由4个脉冲串构成。脉冲组持续时间4．5ms脉冲组间隔为1．8ms,主能峰频率为11．37kHz。苍白优草螽鸣声的每个脉冲组仅由1个脉冲串构成,脉冲组持续时间1．6ms,脉冲组间隔为4．3ms,主能峰频率为11．03kHz,鼻优草螽发声锉较弯曲,中部稍粗壮,两端稍细,苍白优草螽发声锉较直,呈棒状。     

三种片蟋雄性发声器的比较研究(直翅目,蛣蟋科)

应用扫描电子显微镜观察了片蟋属Truljalia Gorochov 3种雄性声锉和声齿的超微结构,即瘤突片蟋T.tylacantha Wang et Woo,1992,梨片蟋T.hibinonis (Matsumura,1919),霍氏片蟋T.hofmanni(Saussure,1878).结果显示,声锉和声齿超微结构在属、种间差异显著,在种内差异不显著,且特征稳定.     

Study of a Stridulatory Apparatus in Pardosa fulvipes (Collett) (Araneae, Lycosidae) by Scanning Electron Microscopy

The adult Pardosa fulvipes male has a stridulatory apparatus in which the file is the hairless striated surface of the book lung opercula, and the scraper part is formed by several stout denticulated hairs re-trolaterally on the fourth coxae and trochanters. The microscuipture of th; opsrcula and specialized hairs in the adult male are studied with the aid of scanning electron microscope and compared with homologous structures in the adult female and immatures. The microscuipture of the book lung opercula is also compared with that of related Pardosa species. A gradual transformation of the opercular microscuipture occurs in both male and female P. fulvipes leading to the species-specific sculpture in the adults. The behavioural prerequisites for stridulation in this species are discussed. P. fulvipes is hitherto the only lycosid known to have a stridulatory apparatus.     

日本条螽不同地理种群雄性鸣声的比较研究(直翅目,露螽科)

主要研究了日本条螽Ducetia japonica(Thunberg)不同地理种群雄性的呜声特征。日本条螽重庆(北碚)种群与四川(美姑)种群雄性鸣声特征相似,这两个种群与陕西(关中)种群雄性鸣声特征差异较显著。同时,观察发现日本条螽四川(雅安)种群和陕西(关中)种群雄性发声器结构相似,与重庆(北碚)种群雄性发声器的结构差异较显著。     

A synopsis of the genus Atypus (Araneae, Atypidae)

Twelve of sixteen Atypus species previously described, and one undescribed, are examined. Atypus javanus Thorell is re-diagnosed and the male is described. The vulva of this species, and of A. coreanus Kim and A. karschi Dönitz, arc illustrated for the first time. The taxonomic characters given by Kraus & Baur [ Verh, naturw. Ver. Hamb. 17 : 85–116(1974)] and additional details of male-and female genital organs are discussed. A granular texture on male chelicerae and front legs, presumably a stridulatory apparatus, is noted and used for distinguishing species. A deep cymbial pit of unknown function is illustrated and discussed. Specific character combinations for the species examined are presented in a table. Notes on relationships, habitat, zoogeography, web, phenology and development are given.     

Transmission of stridulatory signals of the burrower bugs, Scaptocoris castanea and Scaptocoris carvalhoi (Heteroptera: Cydnidae) through the soil and soybean

Abstract.  Males and females of the burrower bug species Scaptocoris castanea Perty and Scaptocoris carvalhoi Becker emit stridulatory signals when on the roots of soybean. The substrate-borne components of the signal can be recorded on the plant but not on the surrounding soil surface. The stridulatory apparatus is composed of the tergal plectrum (lima) and the stridulitrum (stridulatory vein) on the underside of the hind wings. The male plectrum has one ridge and the female lima has 13 ridges. Stridulitra of different species differ in the length and in the number of teeth. Rubbing of plectrum (lima) ridges over the stridulitrum in one or both directions produces pulse trains. The velocity of signals that are recorded less than 0.5 cm from the bug is below 0.013 mm s⁻¹ on the soil and below 0.066 mm s⁻¹ on the leaf surface. Broadband spectra have a dominant frequency of less than 1 kHz and subdominant peaks extending up to 7 kHz. The dominant frequency of the stridulatory signal transmitted through a plant decreases together with the proportion of its higher frequency spectral components. Signals are attenuated for 3–9 dB cm⁻¹ when transmitted through the soil or soybean leaf and for approximately 1 dB cm⁻¹ when transmitted through soybean stem.     

Stridulatory apparatus in the Italian species of the genus Laccobius erichson (Coleoptera : Hydrophilidae)

The stridulatory apparatus in males of the Italian species of the genus Laccobius Erichson (Coleoptera : Hydrophilidae) was examined by means of scanning electron microscope. In Laccobius, there is an elytron-uropleural type stridulatory apparatus. The “pars stridens” is situated on the 3rd abdominal pleurite and has an eulamellated structure. The “plectrum” is located on the inner elytron face. Significant subgeneric differences were found mainly in the extent of the areas, which make up the pars stridens and in the type of pleural denticulations. Differences in the plectrum cusps are also indicated.     

Anatomy of the stridulation apparatus of the beech leaf‐mining weevil and characterization of,and behavioral responses to,stridulation sounds

We investigated auditory signals and morphology of the stridulatory apparatus of the European beech leaf‐mining weevil, Orchestes fagi L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an invasive herbivore now established in Nova Scotia, Canada, to determine their potential for enhancing survey tools to monitor the spread of the species in Canada. We recorded and described sounds produced by adult O. fagi, analyzed the morphology of the stridulatory mechanism for intersexual differences and asymmetry, and examined behavioral responses elicited in conspecifics by playback of stridulation recordings. Adult O. fagi produced sounds under three conditions: male in distress, female in distress, and male in the presence of female. Female distress chirps lasted significantly longer than male distress chirps and male chirps in the presence of females, but peak frequencies and mean number of chirps per s did not differ significantly among the three groups. Morphology of the stridulation structures in male and female O. fagi was compared using scanning electron microscopy. Orchestes fagi have an elytro‐tergal file‐ and scraper‐type sound production apparatus, through which sound is produced upon anterior motion of the abdomen. Female O. fagi have a ‘pars stridens’ that is longer and has more ridges than males. Width and number of ridges per length of pars stridens did not differ between the sexes. Evidence of asymmetry was found in male pars stridens, with the right side being longer than the left. Playback of recorded sounds to adult weevils suggests female O. fagi were repelled by sounds produced by distressed males.     

Reproductive behavior of Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae)

Adult males of Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia have reduced tegmina without stridulatory apparatus. For this reason, they developed other means ofintra-specific communication. During courtship, the males use a combination of foreleg drumming and waving of the antennae, in addition to chemical signaling through pheromones. The females become receptive to copulation when the males expose their metanotal gland. This gland, located on the male metanotum, is also a source of substances on which females feed before receiving the spermatophore. During copulation, the female destroys the apex of the metanotal gland to gain access to the secretion released by this structure.