P53蛋白质R175残基替换的分子动力学研究

利用Ｐ５３蛋白核心区晶体结构作分子动力学研究发现,除了生经方面的稳定性之外,该区还具有分子动力学上的高度稳定性。在此基础上作的Ｒ１７５残基替换分子动力学研究显示,Ｐ５３蛋白质核心区１７５位点精氨酸被其他残基替换后能引起Ｐ５３蛋白质核心区Ｌ２、Ｌ３结构域间的密切联系趋于松散,下沉遥空间构象发生改变并使整个核心区结构稳定性受到破坏。这一研究从三维结构变化上,直观地解释了Ｒ１７５钱基替换造成的５３蛋白质     

p53蛋白质C端的三维结构及生物功能区

利用p53 C端118个氨基酸的mRNA二级结构和Chou-Fasman蛋白质二级结构预测原则,预测p53蛋白质C端289～325为卷曲肽段,368～393段包括两段螺旋结构: α₁ 368～373, α₂ 381～388.其中三段已知的蛋白质二级结构与此mRNA二级结构单元间有准确的对应关系.与四种以多重序列联配为基础的蛋白质二级结构预测方法（准确率均为73.20%左右）相对照,预测结果基本一致.结合单体聚合区31个氨基酸晶体结构,在SGI INDIGO²工作站上构建了p53 C端108个残基的三维结构.进一步揭示了p53 C端诸多生物功能区之间的空间构象关系.     

p53基因及其蛋白的结构和功能研究新进展

ｐ５３蛋白来源于各种种系的动物,它们有共同的特征,划分为３个不同区域,具有５个高度保守的结构域,每一区域有不同的结构特征和功能,从而使ｐ５３发挥诸多的生物学作用     

DRSP：蛋白质单残基替换结构数据库

蛋白质残基替换是基因突变的产物之一,它可能改变蛋白质三维结构,对其生物学功能产生重大影响,因此研究蛋白质残基替换与结构改变的关系具有重要意义．随着实验解析蛋白质结构的数量迅猛增长,越来越多的野生型-突变体被应用于结构生物学的比较研究中．本研究从蛋白质三维结构数据库(PDB)出发,收集和计算了大量结构特征数据,构建了一个目前已知最大的野生型-突变体(单残基差异)的结构对数据库DRSP,展示出氨基酸类型和主链偏好性对结构保守性的相关性．DRSP的开放使用可为高精度的蛋白质结构分析预测提供有用信息,它的数据库网址是http://www.labshare.cn/drsp/index.php．     

p53 DNA结合域与抗癌多肽的拉伸分子动力学研究

研究发现,取自蓝铜蛋白azurin的一段多肽p28能够进入癌细胞,结合到肿瘤抑制因子p53的DNA结合域上,进而增加p53的抗癌能力.本工作中,通过拉伸分子动力学方法,在原子尺度上研究了p28-p53 DBD复合物的解离过程.分析结果显示复合物的解离过程遵循着一定的分离顺序.对解离力的分析以及对沿着解离路径的不可逆做功的计算,使我们能够从复合物的能量地貌中提取有用的信息,而这些信息也决定了复合物的解离过程.     

p63和p63参与p53依赖的细胞凋亡过程

人们通常用经典的操作式学习方法来训练动物的行为 ,使动物学会根据外部信号 (如声音 )产生特定的行为反应 ,以获取奖赏 (如食物 )。而本文的作者用脑内植入微电极进行脑区刺激的方法教会动物如何学习 ,可以去除用来产生信号和奖赏的外部环境对实验的限制。这一动物模型使操作者能远距离地指挥动物的行为 ,很像控制智能机器人的方法。电刺激能否产生等同于信号或奖赏的效应 ,取决于它所刺激的脑区。作者在自由活动大鼠的躯体感觉皮层 (ＳＩ)左右两侧胡须代表区和内侧前脑束 (ＭＦＢ)内植入电极加以刺激 ,以产生信号和奖赏效应 ,据此准确地指…     

甲状腺肿瘤p53mRNA及p53蛋白表达的研究

本文采用原位杂交法、免疫组织化学方法分别检测了甲状腺癌ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ、ｐ５３蛋白的表达,结果显示：２０例甲状腺癌ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ、ｐ５３蛋白均呈阳性反应,８例甲状腺瘤仅１例呈弱阳性反应,８例Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病全部呈阴性反应。细胞质和细胞核ｍＲＮＡ、ｐ５３蛋白灰度检测发现,甲状腺瘤细胞质、核ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ灰度值和ｐ５３蛋白灰度值均明显高于Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病,而甲状腺癌其细胞质、核ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ灰度值和ｐ５３蛋白灰度值又明显高于良性甲状腺瘤,提示甲状腺癌ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ和ｐ５３蛋白的高表达可能与甲状腺肿瘤细胞分化程度有关     

Protein Interaction Between p53 and △113p53 Is Required for the Anti-Apoptotic Function of △113p53

Zebrafish △113p53, an N-terminal truncated p53 isoform, is a p53-target gene that antagonises p53-mediated apoptotic activity. Interestingly, △113p53 does not act on p53 in a dominant-negative manner, but rather interferes with the p53 function by differentially modulating p53-target gene expression to protect cells from apoptosis. Previous studies showed that over-expressed △113p53 and p53 proteins formed a complex. However, it is not known whether endogenous p53 and △113p53 proteins also interact with each other, and if this interaction is required for △113p53 to inhibit the apoptotic activity of full-length p53. In this study, we used two available zebrafish p53 antibodies to address these questions. One, Zfp53-N, only recognises full-length p53, whereas the other, Zfp53-A7C10, detects both full-length p53 and △113p53. Using Zfp53-N for immunoprecipitation and Zfp53-A7C 10 for detection, we demonstrated that endogenous △113p53 and full-length p53 induced by a DNA-damaging drug formed a complex in vivo. Furthermore, of the six △113p53 mutants we generated with different point mutations in the oligomerisation domain, two failed to interact with p53 and lost the ability to modulate p53-target gene expression and inhibit p53-induced cell apoptosis. However, those △113p53 mutants that could interact with p53 retained the ability to antagonise the apoptotic activity of p53. Therefore, our data demonstrated that protein--protein interaction between △113p53 and p53 is essential for the anti-apoptotic function of △113p53. In addition, the two △113p53 mutants that failed to interact with p53 are also useful for the study of the mechanisms of other functions of △113p53.     

鼻咽癌细胞中p53相互作用蛋白质的分离和鉴定

鼻咽癌中p53基因突变罕见,但绝大部分鼻咽癌中存在p53蛋白过表达/聚集且功能失活.然而,到目前为止p53蛋白失活的机制仍然不清楚.为揭示鼻咽癌中p53蛋白功能失活的机制,采用免疫共沉淀技术分别富集鼻咽癌细胞系HNE1和HNE2的p53结合蛋白,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）对免疫沉淀复合物进行分离,从胶中切取p53结合蛋白条带,胶内酶解后进行电喷雾串联质谱（LC-ESI-MS/MS）分析,得到相应的肽序列标签（peptide sequence tags, PST）,通过搜索数据库在鼻咽癌细胞系中鉴定了9个p53结合蛋白.分别是热休克蛋白70（HSP70）家族成员GRP-78和GRP-75、HSP90家族成员GRP-94、核纤层蛋白A/C （Lamin A/C）、α-actinin 4、Ezrin/Cytovillin、DNA复制准许因子/MCM3蛋白(DNA replication licensing factor/minichromosome maintenance 3 protein, MCM3)、CD98/4F2 heavy chain和蛋白激酶C（PKC）.并用免疫共沉淀和蛋白质印迹分析技术对HNE₁细胞蛋白条带3鉴定的p53相互作用蛋白之一HSP78进行了验证.首次在鼻咽癌细胞中鉴定了9个p53结合蛋白,为阐明鼻咽癌中p53蛋白聚集及失活的机制提供了重要依据和线索.     

癌症中p53失活的分子机制和靶向p53的抗癌药物研究进展

肿瘤抑制因子p53主要作为转录因子发挥作用.当细胞受到诸如缺氧、DNA损伤等胁迫时,p53蛋白迅速在细胞内积聚并激活,从而调控一系列基因的转录,导致细胞周期停顿、凋亡或衰老,避免细胞癌化.p53功能的失活往往导致癌症发生.编码p53蛋白的TP53基因的突变是p53失活的主要方式.突变型p53不仅失去抑癌作用,而且还具有...     

靶向突变p53蛋白的抗肿瘤药物

p53蛋白是人体内十分重要的肿瘤抑制因子,通过调节细胞周期阻滞、诱导细胞凋亡等作用发挥肿瘤抑制功能。突变后的p53蛋白不仅具有显性负性效应（dominant negative effect,DN）抑制野生型p53蛋白功能,而且还通过功能获得性效应（gain of function,GOF）调节细胞代谢、侵袭、迁移等方式促进肿瘤的发生。p53蛋白在超过50%的肿瘤组织中发生突变,是肿瘤细胞区别于正常细胞的一个特异性药物靶点。因此,针对突变p53蛋白开发新型抗癌药物一直是研究的热点。长期以来,由于突变p53蛋白表面较为光滑,缺乏药物结合口袋,使其被认为是一个不可成药的靶点。随着高通量筛选技术的发展以及对突变p53蛋白结构的深入了解,许多靶向突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物被报道并在体外展现出较好的抗肿瘤活性,多款基于突变p53蛋白研发的化合物已经进入临床试验阶段。本文就靶向p53蛋白治疗肿瘤的直接和间接策略进行综述,重点针对突变p53蛋白重激活剂与降解突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物作用机制进行梳理,以期为后续开发靶向突变p53蛋白药物的创新提供帮助。     

Common conformational effects of p53 mutations

The tumor suppressor gene p53 has been identified as the most frequent target of genetic alterations in human cancers. Most of these mutations occur in highly conserved regions in the DNA-binding core domain of the p53 protein, suggesting that the amino acid residues in these regions are critical for maintaining normal p53 structure and function. We previously used molecular dynamics calculations to demonstrate that several amino acid substitutions in these regions that are induced by environmental carcinogens and found in human tumors produce certain common conformational changes in the mutant proteins that differ substantially from the wild-type structure. In order to determine whether these conformational changes are consistent for other p53 mutants, we have now used molecular dynamics to determine the structure of the DNA-binding core domain of seven other environmentally induced, cancer-related p53 mutants, namely His 175, Asp 245, Asn 245, Trp 248, Met 249, Ser 278, and Lys 286. The results indicate that all of these mutants differ substantially from the wild-type structure in certain discrete regions and that some of these conformational changes are similar for these mutants as well as those determined previously. The changes are also consistent with experimental evidence for alterations in structure in p53 mutants determined by epitope detectability using monoclonal antibodies directed against these regions of predicted conformational change.     

p53基因及其功能研究进展

p53基因是一种肿瘤抑制基因,野生型p53对细胞周期和细胞凋亡起重要作用。其编码的蛋白P53相对分子质量为53×103,可刺激Cipt基因产生相对分子质量为21×103的蛋白,该蛋白可以抑制促使细胞通过细胞周期进入有丝分裂的酶的活性,进而抑制细胞生长表达而调控细胞生长,对于预防和治疗胆管癌、肝癌、胃癌等疾病有重要作用。我们在此简要阐述国内外对p53基因及其编码产物的结构、作用机制、检测、功能等方面的研究进展。     

调控p53蛋白的转录因子

肿瘤抑制因子p53被称为"分子警察",它在维持细胞正常生长及抑制恶性增殖过程中起重要作用。p53的表达水平受多种因素影响,其中转录水平的调控是基因发挥功能的一个重要步骤。因此,针对调控p53蛋白的转录因子这一环节阐明p53发挥功能的分子机理,有望为肿瘤治疗、预防和新药研发提供新的靶标。本文着重对调控p53蛋白的转录因子进行综述。     

Modelling the interaction between the p53 DNA-binding domain and the p28 peptide fragment of Azurin

Recent experimental data reveal that the peptide fragment of Azurin called p28, constituted by the amino acid residues from 50 to 77 of the whole protein, retains both the Azurin cellular penetration ability and antiproliferative activity. p28 is hypothesized to act by stabilizing the well-known tumour suppressor p53 via a pathway independent from the oncogene Mdm2, which is the main p53 down-regulator, with its anticancer potentiality being probably connected with the binding of its amino acid residues 11 to 18 to p53. However, the p28 mode of action has not been completely elucidated yet, mostly because the details of the p28 interaction with p53 are still unknown. In the present study, computational docking modelling supported by cluster analysis, molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations have been performed to model the interaction between the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of p53 and the p28 fragment. Since the folding state of p28 when interacting with p53 inside the cell is not known, both the folded and the unfolded structures of this peptide have been taken into consideration. In both the cases, we have found that p28 is able to form with DBD a complex characterized by favourable negative binding free energy, high shape complementarity, and the presence of several hydrogen bonds at the interface. These results suggest that p28 might exert its anticancer action by hampering the binding of ubiquitin ligases to DBD, susceptible to promoting the p53 proteasomal degradation.     

SOX4能与p53蛋白发生相互作用

目的：研究SOX4和p53蛋白之间的相互作用。方法：应用GSTpull-down、免疫共沉淀实验验证相互作用。结果：GSTpulldown实验证实SOX4能结合GST-p53融合蛋白,但不能结合GST蛋白;免疫共沉淀实验也证明,SOX4与p53能在细胞内发生相互作用。结论：SOX4能与p53发生相互作用,为p53信号通路的研究提供了新的线索。