BRCA1基因结构及其在乳腺癌中的表达

利用ＭＰＣＲ技术从乳腺组织分离到抑癌基因ＢＲＣＡ１的ｃＤＮＡ片段,将此９１４ｂｐ的片段克隆进质粒ｐＵＣ１１８,并经全序列测定证实。序列分析表明,ＢＲＣＡＩｃＤＮＡ编码的肽链ＮＮ２－末端有一锌指结构,抑癌基因ＢＲＣＡＩ的产物可能是ＤＮＡ结合蛋白,ｃＤＮＡ序列存在两个变异位点：一个是第４０９位的Ｃ→Ａ（Ａｓｐ→Ｇｌｕ）：另一个是第８７９位的Ａ→Ｔ（ＭＩａ同义突变）。以该片段为探针,检测６例乳腺癌组织中ＢＲＣＡＩｍＩＭＡ表达,一例表达明显下降,一例没检测到表达的ｍＩＭＡ产物,说明一些乳腺癌组织的ＢＲＣＡ１基因转录水平降低     

大肠杆菌aroG基因的克隆表达及与pheA、tyrB基因的串联表达

３－脱氧－２－阿拉伯庚酮糖－７－磷酸合成酶（ＤＡＨＰ）是苯丙氨酸合成途径中关键酶之一,在大肠杆菌中由ａｒｏＧ基因编码。本文用ＮＴＧ诱变得到对苯丙氨酸类似物间氟苯丙氨酸（ｍＦＰ）和对氟苯丙氨酸（ｐＦＰ）有抗性的大肠杆菌突变株,采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增得到了ａｒｏＧ基因,在大肠杆菌中进行了表达。结果表明,该基因能在λ噬菌体的ｐＲ启动子驱动下得到表达,在ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图上出现清晰的条带,酶的比活提高了１．７倍。在ｐｈｅＡ（编码分枝酸变位酶ＣＭ和预苯酸脱水酶ＰＤ）、ｔｙｒＢ（编码苯丙氨酸转氨酶ＰＡＴ）基因克隆、串联克隆和表达完成的基础上,将ａｒｏＧ基因和ｐｈｅＡ、ｔｙｒＢ基因以ａｒｏＧ－ｐｈｅＡ－ｔｙｒＢ的顺序三基因串联到表达载体进行表达,酶活测定结果表明,三个基因都能在λ噬菌体的ｐＲ启动子驱动下表达,与对照菌株相比,酶比活分别提高了１．７倍、１３．９／７．８倍和２．３倍。     

海藻糖合酶基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建

以担子菌灰树花的菌丝体中提取总ＲＮＡ,并纯化出ｍＲＮＡ,ｍＲＮＡ经反转录合成ｃＤＮＡ第一链,以ｃＤＮＡ第一链为模板经ＰＣＲ扩增海藻糖合酶（Ｔｓａｓｅ）基因,获得一长约２．２ｋｂ的片段,把该片段连接一ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ－ｅａｓｙ ｖｅｃｔｏｒ上进行测序,其全长共２１９９ｂｐ。随后将此片段以正向插入植物表达载体ｐＢＩ１２１的ＨｉｎｄⅢ＋Ｘｂａｌ位点构建ｐＵＢ,再把海藻糖合酶基因以正向插入载体ｐＵＢ的ＢａｍＨ     

牛生长激素释放因子的融合表达及其产物的化学加工

通过寡核苷酸引导的定位突变,在人工全合成的第２７位为Ｉｌｅ的牛生长激素释放因子［Ｉｌｅ２７］ｂＧＲＦ（１－４４）ＯＨ基因的５＇端ＡＴＧ后插入Ｔｒｐ密码子序列,并分别了构建了Ｐｌ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ控制下、以β－半乳糖苷酶和ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ Ａ结合ＩｇＧ ｄｏｍａｉｎＢ、Ｃ为载体蛋白的融合型基因表达质粒ｐＢＬＥ３１０和ｐＢＬＰＡＥ２Ｄ,在大肠杆菌中得到高效表达。经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,表达产物β－Ｇａｌ     

分泌载体pUS186的构建及地衣杆菌α－淀粉酶基因在枯草杆菌中的表达和分泌

利用枯草杆菌的分泌系统构建分泌型表达载体表达和分泌外源基因产物具有重要的商业价值。我们用鸟枪法克隆了枯草杆菌染色体的启动子和信号肽序列,将克隆的序列连接到能在枯草杆菌中复制的质粒ｐＵＢ１８上,获得分泌型表达载体ｐＵＳ１８６。为了测试构建的载体ｐＵＳ１８６的功能,将地衣杆菌α－淀粉酶基因的缺失了启动子和信号肽序列的片段重组进该质粒,经过Ｂａｌ３１酶切,Ｔ４ＤＮＡ聚合酶补齐等处理,获得ｐＵＳＡ１８６Ⅱ及ｐＵＳＡ１８６Ⅰ系列质粒,将这些重组质粒转化枯草杆菌ＱＢ１１３０（ａｍｙ－）后都能向胞外分泌淀粉酶,酶活测定结果表明,基因表达水平比用原有的启动子高１－２倍,蛋白质分泌率在８４－９６％之间。     

BstNI同功酶限制—修饰系统基因的表达检测和定位分析

鉴定了Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ ＨＢ１０１和ＪＭ１１０的部分遗传标记,作为受体菌分别用于ＢｓｔＮＩ同功酶限制－修饰系统中限制性内切酶（Ｒ）基因和甲基化酶（Ｍ）基因表达的检测。用外切酶Ⅲ单向删切含Ｒ－Ｍ基因的ＤＮＡ片段,获得２３个缺失突变亚克隆。通过检测各亚克隆表达的Ｒ酶和Ｍ酶活性,将Ｒ和Ｍ基因分别定位在距克隆位点ＰｓｔＩ和０．２→１．４ｋｂ和１．５→３．３ｋｂ范围内。分析表明：该系统属于Ⅱ类限制－修饰系统,两     

乳腺特异性表达172~（HIS）突变型p53转基因鼠的建立

ｐ５３基因突变几乎存在于所有人类肿瘤中,尤其与严重危害妇女健康的恶性肿瘤──乳腺癌关系密切。研究表明：野生型ｐ５３基因是抑癌基因,而突变型ｐ５３基因则是癌基因──呈显性负调控突变型。本研究首次构建了这种类型的１７２ＨＩＳ突变型ｐ５３基因的转基因鼠,用以研究ｐ５３基因突变与乳腺癌发生的关系。用重组ＰＣＲ法把小鼠ｐ５３基因的第１７２个密码子ＣＧＣ突变成ＣＡＣ（由编码精氨酸突变为编码组氨酸）,得到１７２ＨＩＳ突变型ｐ５３基固。将其插入到大鼠乳清酸性蛋白（ＷＡＰ）启动子与ＳＶ４０ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）信号序列之间。获得置于载体ｐＢＬ１１９（Ｆｉｇ．１）上的表达结构ＷＡＰ－１７２ＨＩＳｍｔｐ５３－ＳＶ４０。经过ＢｓｓＨＩＩ酶切,纯化该表达结构部分。通过显微注射,将其分别导入ＦＶＢ和Ｃ５７ＢＬ品系小鼠受精卵中,获得３２只Ｆ０代鼠。经ＰＣＲ鉴定,其中９只为转基因阳性鼠（Ｆｉｇ．２）。对其进行的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ分析（Ｆｉｇ．３）证实了ＰＣＲ的鉴定,并得出了每只鼠中整合的转基因拷贝数（Ｔａｂｌｅ１）。当这９只鼠哺乳第二天时,取乳腺制备ＲＮＡ,进行Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交分析,其中５只的乳腺中有转基因表达,其中３只呈较高水平表达（Ｆｉｇ．     

霍乱毒素B亚基基因上游序列对B亚基表达水平的影响

本研究通过缺失突变和移码突变研究了ｃｔｘ Ｂ基因上游Ａ基因部分序列对ｃｔｘＢ表达水平的影响,结果表明：（１）将霍乱毒素操纵子ＸｂａＩ－ＥｃｏＲｉ片段克隆至ｐＵＣ１９,构建的质粒ｐＵＣ１９ＣＴＢ中Ａ亚基的部分序列不能翻译,该质粒转化大肠菌后的ＣＴＢ的表达产量为３０μｇ／μｌ;（２）在质粒ｐＵＣ１９ＣＴＢ的ＸｂａＩ位点引入移码突变,构建质粒ｐＭＣ０２Ｃ,使Ａ亚基基因部分序列能够翻译至自然的终止密码,Ｂ     

人乙型肝炎病毒前表面抗原（preS）基因的突变及其在家蚕细胞中影响 …

为探讨人乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）前表面抗原（ｐｒｅＳ）基因的表达调控机理,以实现高效表达,利用ＰＣＲ方法在克隆的ｐｒｅＳ基因的第２、３位密码子引入同义突变。消除存在于５端编码区保守的反向重复序列,将ｐｒｅＳ基因及其突变形式（ＭｐｒｅＳ）分别重组到转移载体ｐＢＭ０３０,获得ｐＢＭ－ｐｒｅＳ和ｐＢＭ－ＭｐｒｅＳ。将ｐＢＭ－ｐｒｅＳ和ｐＢＭ－ＭｐｒｅＳ分别与野生型家蚕核型多角体病毒（ｂｍＮＰＶ）ＤＮＡ共转     

阴沟肠杆菌(nifL－Ac)工程菌株的构建

采用基因定位突变的方法,在体外把来自ｐＢＲ３２２ 的四环素抗性（Ｔｃｒ） 基因片段插入由ｐＳＴ１１４２ 质粒所携带的阴沟肠杆菌ｎｉｆＬ基因３’端的Ｓｍａ Ⅰ位点,再经细胞体内同源基因片段的重组交换,选择获得了在染色体上ｎｉｆＬ突变的阴沟肠杆菌Ｅ１２ 和Ｅ１３ ,两者Ｔｃｒ 基因插入ｎｉｆＬ的转录方向相反。经分析显示,Ｅ１３（ ｎｉｆＬ－ ） 由于Ｔｃｒ 基因插入后,在ｎｉｆＡ上游产生具有启动子功能的核苷酸序列（ＴＴＴＣＡＴＡ） ,激活ｎｉｆＡ 的表达。当Ｅ１３ 和Ｅ１２ 被引入多拷贝组成型ｎｉｆＡ 质粒ｐＢＦ１０１后,在有氨条件下ｎｉｆ 基因去阻遏表达,呈高的固氮酶活力,与野生型Ｅ２６（ｐＢＦ１０１） 比较,其比活力提高近１ 倍     

棒状杆菌2,5—二酮基—D—葡萄糖酸还原酶Ⅰ基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆？…

从棒状杆菌（Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｓｐ．ＳＣＢ３０５８）初步纯化得到两个２,５－二酮基－Ｄ－葡萄糖酸（２,５－ＤＫＧ）还原酶,在此基础上利用ＰＣＲ技术,以基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,扩增得到含有２,５－ＤＫＧ还原酶Ⅰ基因的片段,定向连接到ＰＧＥＭ３Ｚｆ（＋并转化大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α,是到阳性克隆ｐＧＥＭ８１３。     

Sweet pepper ferredoxin-like protein ( pflp) gene as a novel selection marker for orchid transformation

A novel method for selection of transgenic plants utilizing the sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) ferredoxin-like protein ( pflp) gene as selection marker and Erwinia carotovora as the selection agent has been developed. An expression vector containing a pflp cDNA driven by a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter was successfully transformed into protocorm-like bodies of Oncidium orchid by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and particle bombardment, respectively. Erwinia carotovora was used as a selection agent to screen transformants, thereby obtaining transgenic plants without the use of an antibiotic selection agent. A total of 32 independent transgenic orchid lines were obtained, out of which 9 transgenic lines (beta-glucuronidase positive) were randomly selected and confirmed by Southern and northern blot analyses. The transgenic orchid plants showed enhanced resistance to E. carotovora, even when the entire plant was challenged with the pathogen. Our results suggest the novel use of the pflp gene as a resistance selection marker in plant genetic engineering strategies. In the future, the use of the pflp gene as a selection marker may facilitate the use of smaller gene constructs due to removal of bulky antibiotic selection and reporter genes. These constructs can then be used to incorporate additional genes of choice.     

Identification of an enzyme system for daidzein-to-equol conversion in Slackia sp. strain NATTS

An Escherichia coli library comprising 8,424 strains incorporating gene fragments of the equol-producing bacterium Slackia sp. strain NATTS was constructed and screened for E. coli strains having daidzein- and dihydrodaidzein (DHD)- metabolizing activity. We obtained 3 clones that functioned to convert daidzein to DHD and 2 clones that converted DHD to equol. We then sequenced the gene fragments inserted into plasmids contained by these 5 clones. All of the gene fragments were contiguous, encoding three open reading frames (ORF-1, -2, and -3). Analysis of E. coli strains containing an expression vector incorporating one of the orf-1, -2, or -3 genes revealed that (i) the protein encoded by orf-1 was involved in the conversion of cis/trans-tetrahydrodaidzein (cis/trans-THD) to equol, (ii) the protein encoded by orf-2 was involved in the conversion of DHD to cis/trans-THD, and (iii) the protein encoded by orf-3 was involved in the conversion of daidzein to DHD. ORF-1 had a primary amino acid structure similar to that of succinate dehydrogenase. ORF-2 was presumed to be an enzyme belonging to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. ORF-3 was predicted to have 42% identity to the daidzein reductase of Lactococcus strain 20-92 and belonged to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase family. These findings showed that the daidzein-to-equol conversion reaction in the Slackia sp. NATTS strain proceeds by the action of these three enzymes.     

Auxotrophic markers pyrF and proC can replace antibiotic markers on protein production plasmids in high-cell-density Pseudomonas fluorescens fermentation

The use of antibiotic-resistance genes as selectable markers in transgenic organisms is coming under increased scrutiny, for fear that they may spread to human pathogens, thereby reducing the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. A current Pseudomonas fluorescens protein expression system uses a tetracycline resistance gene (tetR/tetA) to maintain an expression plasmid under control of a repressible promoter and a kanamycin resistance gene (kanR) to maintain a plasmid carrying a repressor gene. We investigated using auxotrophic markers to replace these two antibiotic resistance genes: pyrF (encoding orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) in place of tetR/tetA and proC (encoding pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase) in place of kanR, complementing their respective precise chromosomal deletions created by allele exchange using a suicide vector carrying pyrF as a counterselectable marker. The resulting strains, devoid of antibiotic-resistance genes, were shown to achieve high productivity of nitrilase and thermostable alpha-amylase equal to that of the former antibiotic-resistant production host. The production plasmids were stable. The pyrF (uracil-dependent) background of the production host strain also allows us to sequentially alter the genome to incorporate other desired genomic changes, deletions, or insertions using 5'-fluoroorotic acid counterselection, restoring the selectable marker after each step.     

Expression of a mineral phosphate solubilizing gene from Erwinia herbicola in two rhizobacterial strains

A genetic construction was carried out using the broad host range vector pKT230 and plasmid pMCG898, which encodes the Erwinia herbicola pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) synthase, a gene involved in mineral phosphate solubilization (mps). The final construction was transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli MC1061, and the recombinant plasmids were transferred to Burkholderia cepacia IS-16 and Pseudomonas sp. PSS recipient cells by conjugation. Clones containing recombinant plasmids produced higher clearing halos in plates with insoluble phosphate as the unique (P) source, in comparison with those of strains without plasmids, demonstrating the heterologous expression of the E. herbicola gene in the recipient strains. This genetic manipulation allowed the increase in mps ability of both strains, enhancing their potentialities as growth promoters of agricultural crops. These results represent the first report on the application of the recombinant DNA methodology for the obtaining of improved phosphate solubilizing ability from rhizobacterial strains for biofertilization purposes.     

酮古龙酸菌醇醛脱氢酶基因的克隆及表达

目的：从酮古龙酸菌SCB329株中分离山梨糖生物氧化相关酶的基因并进行表达验证。方法：根据酮古龙酸菌SCB329株基因组序列设计引物,通过PCR从SCB329株基因组中扩增醇醛脱氢酶基因aadh;构建载体pBMP3-aadh并在大肠杆菌中表达,经活性染色、体外转化反应等方法考察表达产物的活性。结果：目的产物能够催化山梨糖、葡萄糖、果糖、木糖等多种含羟基及羰基化合物脱氢,并能将L-山梨糖直接转化为2-酮基-L-古龙酸。结论：从酮古龙酸菌SCB329株中分离到一种醇醛脱氢酶基因,可为该菌株糖酸转化机制的研究提供帮助。     

arsRBOCT arsenic resistance system encoded by linear plasmid pHZ227 in Streptomyces sp. strain FR-008

In the arsenic resistance gene cluster from the large linear plasmid pHZ227, two novel genes, arsO (for a putative flavin-binding monooxygenase) and arsT (for a putative thioredoxin reductase), were coactivated and cotranscribed with arsR1-arsB and arsC, respectively. Deletion of the ars gene cluster on pHZ227 in Streptomyces sp. strain FR-008 resulted in sensitivity to arsenic, and heterologous expression of the ars gene cluster in the arsenic-sensitive Streptomyces strains conferred resistance on the new hosts. The pHZ227 ArsB protein showed homology to the yeast arsenite transporter Acr3p. The pHZ227 ArsC appears to be a bacterial thioredoxin-dependent ArsC-type arsenate reductase with four conserved cysteine thioredoxin-requiring motifs.     

野生罂粟COR、BBE基因片段融合及其RNAi载体构建

可待因酮还原酶(COR)与小檗碱桥酶(BBE)是吗啡合成代谢途径的关键酶,其活性大小直接影响着吗啡合成途径中生物碱的代谢合成。采用RT-PCR从罂粟幼叶克隆出COR和BBE基因全序列,同源性比较结果显示,它们与GenBank上已报道的COR和BBE基因高度同源。利用blast及分子生物学软件DNAStar对COR和BBE基因的cDNA序列同源性进行分析比较,分别从各基因中筛选和克隆了一段同源性极低、约400～500 bp的片段;并应用重叠PCR法将其拼接成744 bp的融合基因BC,以中间载体pHANNIBAL和植物表达载体pART27为基础,构建了以CaMV 35S启动子驱动的含有“正向BC融合片段- pdk内含子-反向BC融合片段”的ihRNAi植物表达载体,通过转化野生罂粟,初步研究了以COR和BBE基因为靶标的RNAi对内源吗啡合成的抑制效果,为进一步培育低吗啡高蒂巴因的罂粟种质提供了依据。     

D-葡萄糖串联发酵生产2-酮基-L-古龙酸的工艺条件

研究了在10L发酵罐中D-葡萄糖串联发酵生产维生素C前体——2-酮基-L-古龙酸的发酵工艺条件。第一步发酵采用欧文氏菌(Erwinia sp.)的突变株SCB247,培养36小时,可将D-葡萄糖转化成中间体2,5-二酮基-D-葡萄糖酸,在发酵液中约累积180mg/ml。第二步发酵采用棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium sp.)SCB3058,可将2,5-二酮基-D-葡萄糖酸专一性地还原生成2-酮基-L-古龙酸。在细胞生长进入对数生长期后期时,加入经十二烷基硫酸钠处理的第一