武陵山区药用蜈蚣资源考察

武陵山区的药用娱蚣是少棘蜈蚣,此种动物资源潜力很大,可供充分开发利用。本文报道了湖南常德、石门等9个县市药用蜈蚣的收购量和资源量,并对尚未精耕的非农业山区或林地的蜈蚣资源开发提出几点意见。该项资源开发与市场活动具有相关性,而且蜈蚣药的需求量不大是个值得注意的问题。文内介绍了我国蜈蚣资源的分布与鉴别药用蜈蚣的特征,以供药检工作参考。     

药用蜈蚣的种类及其养殖地区的选择

著名医药学家李时珍早在三百八十多年前,在他的《本草纲目》中,曾对蜈蚣的药用价值作了记述并附有图版。其中金陵版本(1596)的蜈蚣图与目前的药用种类相似,但是江西版本(1603)蜈蚣图在目前的药用种类中尚未得到充分证实。 我国为地道的蜈蚣药材产地,在国外,特别是东南亚国家享有较高的声誉。以蜈蚣炮制的     

广西都安的药用蜈蚣

都安县位于广西僮族自治区西北部的河池专区境内,是一丘陵低山地区,也是广西药用蜈蚣的主要产地。当地群众和基层医药人员利用这味药用动物炮制外用的“蜈蚣油”和内服的“蜈蚣酒”,并用于配制种种汤剂和丸剂。     

湖北省药用蜈蚣的初步调查

蜈蚣是我国传统的动物药材。早在三百八十多年前,李时珍在他的《本草纲目》中曾对蜈蚣的药用价值作了记载。 湖北省是我国药用蜈蚣的主要产区之一,野生资源十分丰富。但是,在解放前药用蜈蚣的收购量不大,解放后才逐年增加。在1957年,全省收购量38万条;至1975年,收购量已达1,903万条,产量提高了五十     

两种药用蜈蚣的简介

两种药用蜈蚣的简介张崇洲，王克勤（中国科学院动物研究所北京１０００８０）（湖北省中医药研究院中药研究所）关键词少棘蜈蚣，多棘蜈蚣，区别蜈蚣，迄今常用的多足动物名称，在最早记载它的《广雅》里写为“吴公”。蜈蚣作为一味动物药在我国最古老的药典《神农本草经...     

少棘巨蜈蚣的化学组成

在我国蜈蚣作为药用已有数百年历史,在《本草纲目》等古代及现代医药书籍中多有描述。     

少棘蜈蚣的产卵

1978年6月15日至8月15日,在浙江省舟山地区岱山县药用蜈蚣饲养试验场,我们对少棘娱蚣(Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans)的生殖方面作了一次调查;除调查其产卵日期和     

蜈蚣治疗无名肿毒和水火烫伤42例

蜈蚣是名贵的中药,在临床上应用历史悠久。蜈蚣的药效主要是其毒素,多用于抗肿瘤,解痉,治疗结核、烫伤和各种疖毒,无名肿毒等症。在炮制上各家有异,但以焙干入药为多见.笔者在当“赤脚医生”时采集到的祖传秘方,即用桐油浸泡蜈蚣治疗各种疖毒,无名肿毒及水火烫伤,并取得满意的效果,现报告如下。1 桐油蜈蚣的制法:取桐油500ml,活蜈蚣5～10条,置于一个瓶子内浸泡10～15天,使蜈蚣毒充分被释放出来,达到药用的目的,用后拧紧瓶盖,以免药油表面硬结。元泡有臭味,但不影响疗效,仍可使用。若无桐油、用茶油也可。2 一般资料:本组病员42例,均为成人,其中急性指头炎15例,下肢急性蜂窝组织炎8例,其他疱疮类17例,水烫伤3例,火烧伤2例(Ⅰ—Ⅱ~0),面积为5%以下,一般连续用药3天,一天2     

药用蜈蚣的生态习性与临床应用

生化分析显示,蜈蚣体内含有多种氨基酸、小分子肽、甾醇、脂肪酸等各类活性物质,这可能是医典所载其主治中风、破伤风、恶疮、肿瘤、癣、蛇咬等的药学基础。本文从古代、现代的中医药典籍、文献中总结了六个方面的临床应用,还较为系统全面地阐述了药用蜈蚣的栖息环境、行为与食性、繁殖与个体发育等方面的野外及人工环境下的生物学特性与生态行为表现,以资现代中医药建立医疗模式和药源基地参考。     

“挖窝诱捉蜈蚣”的方法介绍

最近我们在沌口区召开了捕捉蜈蚣的现场会。经该区领导同志和捕捉蜈蚣有经验的老农介绍和座谈,总结出一种“挖窝诱捉蜈蚣”的方法。据搬运工人陶天才同志介绍,1973年他利用业余时间,挖了二百多个窝子,半个月就捉蜈蚣九百多条。 一、蜈蚣特性 蜈蚣是多足纲动物,在中药上有解毒、镇惊的作用。我省特产,畅销国内外。清明到谷雨季节是蜈蚣经过冬眠苏醒后捕食活动的时间。它的特性是喜潮湿,     

Factors predictive of quality of life after silicone-implant explanation.

'Medical records of 180 patients who underwent silicone gel-filled breast implant explanation were retrospectively reviewed. The goal of this study was to determine if any patient variable(s) had predictive value for positive quality of life after explanation. The medical complaints, symptoms, and established diagnoses were considered equally and were referred to as self-reported medical problems. The study revealed that no single problem or pairing of problems was associated with or predictive of outcome. The results show, however, that the number of medical problems was significantly predictive of patient perception of quality of life. A total of 50 explanation patients completed quality-of-life surveys. Specifically, those patients who reported five or fewer medical problems that predated explantation were significantly more likely to perceive an increased quality of life after surgery than those who reported nine or more medical problems (p < 0.04). In conclusion, it is difficult to correlate subjective patient symptoms with postoperative improvements in quality of life after explantation.     

动物福利在研究生实验动物学教学中的应用初探

在医学研究中,实验动物具有不可替代的地位和作用,越来越多的人开始关心动物福利。各医学院校是培养未来科研工作者的机构,实验动物在医学院校的使用量非常大,因此,在课堂教学中,培养医学生树立保护动物福利的观念具有重要意义。本文从课堂教育、实验动物处理、3R原则的实施等方面探讨了如何在教学过程中开展动物福利教育。     

Canadian and Landed Immigrant Applicants to Canadian Medical Schools for 1968-69

There were 2337 Canadian and Landed Immigrant applicants for the fall 1968 entering classes at Canadian medical schools. These applicants filed a total of 4579 applications.The results of this study show that there are regional differences in the quantity and quality of the applicant pool for Canadian medical schools. The study also shows that despite the fact that Canadian and landed immigrant applicants are filing more applications than they have in the past two years, there has been no appreciable change in the ratio of applicants to available places. A further point to be noted is that the participation of women both as applicants to and as medical students in the entering class of 1968-69 at Canadian medical schools was higher than in previous years.     

Het uitslaggesprek bij de diagnose dementie: een etnografische verkenning

Giving adequate diagnostic information is considered to be fundamental in dementia care. An important question is how the diagnostic disclosure in dementia actually takes place. The aim of this explorative ethnographic study was therefore to provide insight into the disclosure practice of medical specialists. For this study, 22 interviews performed by seven medical specialists were analyzed.The results of this study show that the observed doctors are direct and explicit in disclosing the diagnosis. Actual (medical) information about the diagnosis and the performed investigations is provided. The main areas for improvement are involving the patient in the conversation, align your language to the lifeworld of the patient and his/her significant other(s), avoiding the use of medical jargon, discussing the consequences of the diagnosis for daily life, and explicitly recognizing the emotional and existential challenges associated with the disclosure. In providing further information, doctors could discuss emotional and existential support more specifically.     

中国药用真菌概述

药用真菌是具有保健和治疗疾病作用的一类真菌,我国药用真菌资源丰富,而且是利用真菌治病最早的国家,随着科学研究的不断深入,药用真菌将在医学领域发挥愈来愈大的作用,具有很大的开发潜能。介绍了我国现阶段报道有药用价值的主要种类,概述了药用真菌的主要化学成分以及生物功效,并展望今后我国药用真菌发展的前景。     

The interface between medical anthropology and medical ethnobiology

Medical anthropology is concerned with both the causes and consequences of human sickness, and its various theoretical orientations can be grouped into four major approaches: medical ecology, critical medical anthropology, interpretative medical anthropology, and ethnomedicine. While medical anthropologists of all theoretical persuasions have examined why people get sick, the analysis and understanding of patterns of treatment has been largely confined to ethnomedicine. Historically, more emphasis has been placed on the personalistic or supernatural aspects of ethnomedical systems than on naturalistic or empirical components. While this focus has produced valuable insights into the role of ritual and belief in healing, it has led to the impression that traditional medicine is primarily symbolic. Moreover, it ignores the theoretical bases of traditional healing strategies and the practical means by which most of the world heals itself, namely plants. Recently there has been more interest in the empirical character of ethnomedical systems, and in this paper we consider the role that medical ethnobiology has played in this shift of focus. We begin with a brief history of medical anthropology to illuminate why naturalistic medicine was neglected for so long. We then review exemplary research in two areas of medical ethnobiology – ethnophysiology and medical ethnobotany – that address the study of naturalistic aspects of medical systems. We conclude with suggestions for future research at the interface between medical ethnobiology and medical anthropology that will contribute to both fields.     

Urban Philippine healers and their contrasting clienteles

This paper is concerned with medical pluralism in a Philippine setting. It reports on results of a study of four indigenous healers and their patients in Cebu City. The city is a modern medical center in the Philippines, with more than 500 practicing physicians. But its indigenous healers also treat numerous patients, and many patients utilize both physicians and healers during the course of an illness. Of the four healers discussed in this paper, two had the largest followings of any healers in the city at the time of the study, the other two had very modest practices. Significant social and medical contrasts between the clienteles of these healers are described in the paper, and the implications of these differences are discussed with respect to decisions people make about their health care in an area with diverse medical resourses.     

白假丝酵母菌生物膜的研究进展

随着医疗水平的不断发展,越来越多的医疗操作、医疗设备和药物可能导致人体正常的微生物平衡被打破,使得机会致病菌白假丝酵母菌的感染呈现逐年上升的趋势。白假丝酵母菌在宿主或医疗器械表面形成生物膜的能力是一个十分关键的毒力因素。生物膜可以帮助白假丝酵母菌成功逃避宿主免疫并产生较强的耐药性,从而导致难治性真菌感染。本文从白假丝酵母菌生物膜的形成过程、生物膜相关的主要基因和影响生物膜毒力的因素3个方面介绍近年来的研究进展,为进一步研究白假丝酵母菌生物膜的形成机制提供参考。     

患者满意评价指数模型研究

医院是社会文明服务的窗口,医德医风关系到医院和医务人员自身的声誉。患者对于医疗服务的满意度对医院的生存和发展有着重要影响,随着医疗机构之间的竞争愈演愈烈,医疗服务的满意研究受到了更多的重视。患者的满意度与医院忠诚度二者是相辅相成的关系,只有满意的患者才能成为医院的忠诚顾客,再通过这些忠诚顾客的口碑影响其他患者,医院的形象才能得以提升。目前医院患者的满意研究出现了一个特殊的现象：对各类病人的满意研究得出了高的满意率,但社会对医院服务的强烈批评却屡见不鲜。本文分析了目前患者满意评价体系存在的问题,并以服务管理领域顾客满意理论为指导,通过分析患者满意的影响要素以及各要素的相互关系,探讨医院患者满意评价模型构建方法。