武陵山区药用蜈蚣资源考察

武陵山区的药用娱蚣是少棘蜈蚣,此种动物资源潜力很大,可供充分开发利用。本文报道了湖南常德、石门等9个县市药用蜈蚣的收购量和资源量,并对尚未精耕的非农业山区或林地的蜈蚣资源开发提出几点意见。该项资源开发与市场活动具有相关性,而且蜈蚣药的需求量不大是个值得注意的问题。文内介绍了我国蜈蚣资源的分布与鉴别药用蜈蚣的特征,以供药检工作参考。     

两种药用蜈蚣的简介

两种药用蜈蚣的简介张崇洲，王克勤（中国科学院动物研究所北京１０００８０）（湖北省中医药研究院中药研究所）关键词少棘蜈蚣，多棘蜈蚣，区别蜈蚣，迄今常用的多足动物名称，在最早记载它的《广雅》里写为“吴公”。蜈蚣作为一味动物药在我国最古老的药典《神农本草经...     

药用蜈蚣的生态习性与临床应用

生化分析显示,蜈蚣体内含有多种氨基酸、小分子肽、甾醇、脂肪酸等各类活性物质,这可能是医典所载其主治中风、破伤风、恶疮、肿瘤、癣、蛇咬等的药学基础。本文从古代、现代的中医药典籍、文献中总结了六个方面的临床应用,还较为系统全面地阐述了药用蜈蚣的栖息环境、行为与食性、繁殖与个体发育等方面的野外及人工环境下的生物学特性与生态行为表现,以资现代中医药建立医疗模式和药源基地参考。     

珍稀药用石斛内生菌研究进展

药用石斛是我国传统名贵中药材,具有重要的药用价值,由于人为和环境等因素,药用石斛资源已变得极其匮乏,难以满足市场的需求。药用石斛内生菌资源丰富,在与宿主石斛长期共生的过程中,对药用石斛的生长发育、环境的适应、活性代谢产物的积累等方面具有很强的促进作用。深入研究药用石斛内生菌及其与宿主的关系,对药用石斛生产、资源保护与利用有着重要意义。本文简要概述了药用石斛内生菌资源及其生物学功能,并探讨了存在的问题和未来发展方向,以期为药用石斛内生菌的开发与利用提供参考。     

湖北省黑头蜈蚣一新种（唇足纲：蜈蚣目：蜈蚣科）

记述蜈蚣属一新种,黑头蜈蚣,头板和第１有足体节的背板通常呈暗绿色至暗褐色,最大体长约７５ｍｍ。两性的末对步足之前了粗壮,长约为宽的２倍,显然不同于日本内地的日本蜈蚣。     

墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的比较研究：II.药效和毒理

本文比较了墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的药效学和毒理学作用,实验包括抗惊厥试验、对致病性真菌和细菌体外生长的影响、急性毒性试验和染色体畸变实验等。结果两种蜈蚣的３％醋酸提取液对所试的真菌有抑制作用但无杀真菌作用,而对细菌无抑制作用。两种蜈蚣的毒性很低,在给小鼠５０ｇ／ｋｇ的剂量下都无法测出ＬＤ５０。在２０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ条件下的致突变率与未给药的突变率接近,表明两者都无遗传毒性。     

墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的比较研究：I.化学组成

本文对墨江蜈蚣（Scolopendra mojiangica Zhang et Chi）与少棘蜈蚣（Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L.Koch）的水分、灼烧残渣、蛋白质、游离氨基酸、微量元素和挥发性脂肪酸的含量进行了系统的测定并比较了两者间的异同性。实验结果表明：墨江蜈蚣的蛋白质、灼烧残渣、水分的含量分别为67.2%、3.95%和3.59%,而少棘蜈蚣分别为68.8%、4.80%和3.65%,它们的含量基本相同。游离氨基酸、挥发性脂肪酸和微量元素的相对含量也很接近,但脂类和总糖的含量差异较大。     

药用蕨类植物化学成分研究进展

简要介绍药用蕨类植物化学成分研究现状以及部分化学成分的研究进展,并对以后的研究提出了一些建议,希望能够对进一步的研究提供帮助。     

墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的比较研究──Ⅰ．化学组成

本文对墨江蜈蚣（ＳｃｏｌｏｐｅｎｄｒａｍｏｊａｎｇｉｃａＺｈａｎｇｅｔＣｈｉ）与少棘蜈蚣（ＳｃｏｔｏｐｅｎｄｒａｓｕｂｓｐｉｎｉｐｅｓｍｕｔｉｌａｎｓＬ．Ｋｏｃｈ）的水分、灼烧残渣、蛋白质、游离氨基酸、微量元素和挥发性脂肪酸的含量进行了系统的测定并比较了两者间的异同性。实验结果表明：墨江蜈蚣的蛋白质、灼烧残渣、水分的含量分别为６７．２％、３．９５％和３．５９％，而少棘蜈蚣分别为６８．８％、４．８０％和３．６５％，它们的含量基本相同。游离氨基酸、挥发性脂肪酸和微量元素的相对含量也很接近，但脂类和总糖的含量差异较大。     

蜈蚣衣科的中国地衣新记录

我们在进行新疆地衣分类的过程中, 采用微量化学结晶法(MCT), 薄层色谱法(TLC) 等方法检测地衣物质, 通过观察子囊盘结构和颜色和对地衣次生产物的分析, 并对采自于新疆昭苏卡音德、昭苏木扎特、察布查尔县所采集的蜈蚣衣科(Physciaceae) 400余号标本进行了整理及分类, 发现中国新记录地衣4 种(Phaeophyscia cernohorskyi, Ph decolor,Ph pusilloides, Physconia elegantula), 对此4种新记录地衣进行简要的描述。本文所引用标本均保存于新疆大学资源植物标本室。     

Influence of Organic Pesticides on Nematode Populations and Seed Production of Centipede Grass

Applications of ethyl 4-(methylthio)-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate, O,O-diethyl O-((p-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl) phosphorothioate, and O,O-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyll phosphorotbioate effectively controlled Trichodorus christiei on centipede grass. Populations of Pratylenchus spp. and Xiphinema americanum were significantly reduced with a mixture of methanesulfonic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenyl ester and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. Ethyl 4-(methylthio)-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate and O,O-diethyl O-((p-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl phosphorothioate significantly suppressed populations of Pratylenchus spp., and the latter reduced populations of X. arnericanum. Ethyl 4-(methylthio)-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate and O,O-diethyl O-((p-methylsulfinyl) phenyl) phosphorothioate significantly reduced populations of Criconemoides ornatus. Increased seed production was correlated with nematode control.     

蜈蚣(Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L.Koch)毒的化学组成和生物活性

系统分析少棘蜈蚣粗毒的化学组成,蛋白质含量86.23％、水不溶物质0.24％、还原糖0.23％、水份2.1％,仅含Ser、Pro、Arg等三种游离氨基酸,鉴定了11种微量元素,碱性凝胶电泳显示20条蛋白质谱带。分析了10种酶的活性、出血毒性及对血小板聚集的影响,其中精氨酸酯酶活力最高,不存在类凝血酶、淀粉酶活性及出血毒性,蜈蚣毒的浓度为0.3μg/μL时强烈诱导血小板的聚集。     

The Ring Nematode,Criconemoides ornatus,on Peach and Centipede Grass

Criconemoides ornatus at 500, 1,000, and 10,000 specimens per 15-cm pot containing 1,500 cc of soil was not pathogenic or parasitic on "Loveli'' peach. The number of nematodes recovered was always less than the inoculum. Inocula of 1,000 and 10,000 specimens were pathogenic to centipede grass, but the 500 inoculum level was not. The number of nematodes recovered from parasitized centipede grass was considerably higher than the inoculum.     

A Review of the Deep Learning Methods for Medical Images Super Resolution Problems

Super resolution problems are widely discussed in medical imaging. Spatial resolution of medical images are not sufficient due to the constraints such as image acquisition time, low irradiation dose or hardware limits. To address these problems, different super resolution methods have been proposed, such as optimization or learning-based approaches. Recently, deep learning methods become a thriving technology and are developing at an exponential speed. We think it is necessary to write a review to present the current situation of deep learning in medical imaging super resolution. In this paper, we first briefly introduce deep learning methods, then present a number of important deep learning approaches to solve super resolution problems, different architectures as well as up-sampling operations will be introduced. Afterwards, we focus on the applications of deep learning methods in medical imaging super resolution problems, the challenges to overcome will be presented as well.     

Centipede (Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans) venom toxin peptide exhibits cytotoxic and cell growth effects in a concentration-dependent manner

Centipede venom contains a variety of proteins, peptides, and enzymes. However, the biological actions of toxin peptides in centipede venom remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a centipede (Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans) venom toxin peptide (SsmTP) that was shown to act as a cell growth factor at low concentrations-in vitro. SsmTP was found to consist of 66 amino acids that display seven cysteine residues, which exhibited high similarity to the predicted neurotoxin. SsmTP was expressed in the venom gland of S. s. mutilans. A recombinant SsmTP peptide of approximately 5.2 kDa was produced in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Interestingly, SsmTP exhibited cytotoxicity in murine cells in a concentration-dependent manner but displayed a cell growth effect at low concentrations. SsmTP at a low concentration also protected murine cells against oxidative damage through the inhibition of caspase-1 and apoptosis. Our data indicate that SsmTP acts as a cell growth factor and a toxin peptide in a concentration-dependent manner. Consequently, our results provide evidence that the identification of SsmTP, a centipede toxin peptide, may not only elucidate the biological action of toxin peptides but also offer additional insight into the pharmacological applications of centipede venoms.     

竞争情报在我国医疗器械行业的应用

阐述竞争情报与医疗器械行业竞争情报的概念与特点;分析竞争情报在我国医疗器械行业中的作用及医疗器械竞争情报的类型;探讨如何对医疗器械行业竞争情报的收集。     

木霉属真菌的系统学及其应用研究

介绍了木霉属真菌的分类系统 ,有关木霉种系发育的分子生物学研究进展 ,以及在酶制剂、农业和环境保护中的应用概况。     

CBS在医学微生物学教学中的应用

CBS(CaseBasedStudy)是一种新的教学方法。CBS就是给出一个案例,要求学生围绕案例回答一系列问题。在整个教学过程中主要由分成小组的学生自己去寻找解决方案。他们必须将案例所提供的信息综合起来,找出其中的关键问题及其相关联系,通过回顾、复习和学习课本或理论课讲授的相关知识,应用获取的知识去分析问题、解决问题。CBS的应用使得科学知识更具相关性、系统性,使学生对知识的学习更具积极性、主动性。     

建构主义教学模式在医学微生物学教学实践中的应用

传统的教学模式是以"教师为中心",建构主义教学模式强调"以学生为主体"。医学微生物学教学存在课时少、内容繁杂、知识点琐碎、逻辑性较差等特点,采用传统教学模式往往不能达到较好的教学效果。通过将建构主义理论引入医学微生物学教学实践中,我们设计了适合医学微生物学的建构主义教学模式,充分调动学生的主动性、积极性和创造性。该模式的应用,进一步提高了医学微生物学的教学质量,增加了学生综合素质的培养。